APPLICATION OF SMARTGRID CONCEPT TO MEDITERRANEAN ISLANDS:

APPLICATION OF SMARTGRID CONCEPT TO MEDITERRANEAN ISLANDS: CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES Dr. D. Coll-Mayor Dr. A. Notholt-Vergara University of Balearic Islands (UIB) Fraunhofer-Institute für Windenergie und Energiesystemtechnik (IWES)

INDEX 1.- Definition of the Smart-Grid concept 2.- Island Power Systems 3.- Application of smart-grid to island systems 4.- Conclusions

SMART-GRID VISION Different visions but a similar approach: Smart Grid DOE's Task Force The Modern Grid Initiative (MGI) Intelligrid GridWiseTM GridWiseTM Architecture Council GridWise Alliance SmartGrid Platform of the European Commission Smartgrid platforms at country level in Europe...

SMART-GRID DEFINITION* The smart-grid is an electricity network that can intelligently integrate the actions of all users connected to it - generators, consumers and those that do both in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies. A smart-grid employs innovative products and services together with intelligent monitoring, control, communication, and self-healing technologies. * Source: European SmartGrids Technology Platform 2006, Strategic Deployment Document

SMART-GRID CONCEPT Technologies being considerate (Modern Grid's vision): Integrated communications Sensing and measurement Advanced components Advanced control methods Improved interfaces and decision support

Source: PhD dissertation: Smart Electricity Networks based on large integration of Renewable Sources and Distributed Generation. Manuel Sánchez Jiménez. 2006.

INDEX 1.- Definition of the Smart-Grid concept 2.- Island Power Systems 3.- Application of smart-grid to island systems 4.- Conclusions

ISLAND POWER SYSTEMS Characterization of the problem: Main concern frequency excursions Reactive power flows not a big deal!!! Most common solution: Load shedding using under-frequency relays

Case study: BALEARIC ISLANDS Balearic Islands Power System 1th January 2008

Case study: BALEARIC ISLANDS Frequency: 50Hz Normal excursions: ± 0,15 Hz (49,85-50,15 Hz) Admisible excursions: less than 5min (49,75 y 50,25 Hz) Step 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Majorca-Minorca Minorca (no link) Ibiza-Formentera Freq. time Freq. time. Freq. [Hz] [ms] [Hz] [ms] [Hz] time. [ms] 49 500 49 300 49 300 48.8 500 48.8 300 48.8 300 48.6 500 48.6 300 48.6 300 48.4 500 48.4 400 48.4 400 48.2 500 48.2 400 48.2 400 48 500 48 400 48 400 47.8 500 47.8 400

Case study: BALEARIC ISLANDS Frecuency excursion in case of generation plant loss 1.- In the peninsula (lossing 1GW plant) Peak 2003 = 1000 =2,7 37212 Valley 2003 = 1000 =6,5 15496 The impact on the frequency is of 10-2 Hz. 2.- In the Balearic Islands (lossing 130MW plant) 130 Peak 2003 = =14, 2 913 Valley 2003 = The impact on the frequency is of Hz. 130 =45, 9 283

Case study: BALEARIC ISLANDS Comparison between Island Power Systems characteristics and UCTE Admissible Frequency Range Trip of generators Load shedding UCTE BALEARIC ISLANDS 49,85 Hz a 50,15 Hz 48 Hz (>3 s) 49,75 Hz a 50,25 Hz over 5 min. 47 Hz (> 3 s) Accepted as normal operation Inertia UCTE Balearic Islands 2 000 000 MWs 9 790 MWs

INDEX 1.- Definition of the Smart-Grid concept 2.- Island Power Systems 3.- Application of smart-grid to island systems 4.- Conclusions

SMART-GRID IN ISLAND POWER SYSTEMS Substitution of underfrequency relays by smart-grid technologies, such as Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) or Demand-Side Management.

CHALLENGES First one, it is the lack of standardization in the available AMI devices. Second, the lack of experience in the application of those technologies to isolated power systems. Third, the reaction of the customers to the intrusion of the DSO in the managing of their home-devices. Fourth, the danger of incurring in power system instabilities due to the lack of experience in regulating those devices. Fifth, the lack of a real time pricing inputs. Sixth, the lack of regulation for those technologies specially in the case of isolated power system environments.

PERSPECTIVES The perspectives of the application of those technologies are great, since that would mean a way to increase security of the system without decreasing comfort of the customers. The risk at the moment is also great, even being the technical solution mature enough, the application of this solution is not enough developed for being implemented.

INDEX 1.- Definition of the Smart-Grid concept 2.- Island Power Systems 3.- Application of smart-grid to island systems 4.- Conclusions

CONCLUSIONS The difficulty on the implementation of the smart-grid technologies because of the early state of the standardization processes. The lack of regulations which allow and promote the use of this technologies, specially in isolated power systems. The necessity of a real-time pricing input for the technical solution proposed, which is not available. The necessity of going in depth into the analysis of instabilities produced by the implementation of those technologies in the power grid. The necessity of team-working between administration, utilities, TSOs, DSOs and society in order to develop a proper environment.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION debora.coll@uib.es