PURPOSE: This policy and procedure describes the actions to be taken in the event of an emergency resulting from a fire, explosion, spill, or any unplanned sudden or non sudden release of hazardous waste materials involving the tank farm located within the City of Brisbane. When responding to reported spills or fires at a tank farm facility or involved tank, fire personnel must take into consideration tactical priorities of Life Safety, Incident Stabilization, Property Conservation and Risk vs. Gain. POLICY: The provisions of this policy and procedure will be carried out immediately whenever there is a fire, explosion or release of hazardous material. Personnel safety must first be considered and Risk vs. Gain will be evaluated prior to engaging in emergency operations. Situational awareness will be continuously monitored and maintained by all personnel throughout the incident GENERAL: This policy and procedure describes the actions to be taken in the event of an emergency resulting from a fire, explosion, spill, or any unplanned sudden or non sudden release of hazardous waste materials. The provisions of this policy and procedure will be carried out immediately whenever there is a fire, explosion or release of hazardous material. The Brisbane Terminal receives refined products and jet fuel from the Oakland breakout tank via two parallel pipelines. LS41 10 line and LS42 a 12 line flow into the Brisbane Station. LS38 a 12 line leaves Brisbane and delivers jet fuel to the San Francisco Airport. All product tanks are Cone Roof with some form of internal floating roof with the exception of (3) Diesel tanks (BT 3, 14 and 20) that do not have an internal floating roof. All of the facility product tanks are protected with some form of foam fire protection either by dedicated piping or via the product manifold. Tanks BT-6, 15, 17 and 18 are equipped stand alone Sub-Surface Injection supplied by foam manifold located directly south of the Control Room.
Tanks BT-1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,19, 20 and 21 are protected with a Sub- Surface Injection that is connected directly to the product manifold. The foam manifold located directly south of the Control Room. BT-11 (Ethanol) is protected with a stand alone Foam Chamber Type System. The foam manifold located directly to the east of the tank outside the containment. The design basis for a fire event for the facility is based on the largest tank 108 ft. Based on the requirement of NFPA 11 and the two application types at the facility (Sub- Surface Injection and/or Over-the-Top) a total of 1500 GPM of finished foam solution is needed. The facility has a 1000 GPM and a 750 GPM monitor, the foam delivery rate would actually be the sum of the two flow rates, totaling 1750 GPM s. The foam concentrate (@ 3%) needed on hand would be 3660 gallons. The current stock at the facility is 2315 gallons, an additional 1345 gallons is needed. Currently there is 375 gallons of foam in the foam trailer, (6) 305 gallon totes, and (2) 55 gallon drums stored on site for a total of 2315 gallons. All of the foam is 3M FC-600L 3%/6% ATC-AFFF. The loading racks are not equipped with any automatic Foam Sprinkler protection. The loading arms are designed to shut off flow when broken away or when the scully has been removed. Spill fire control is provided by a containment drainage system to relocate any spilled product to a covered sump. The sump is designed for the maximum capacity of a typical tanker truck. The system is designed to not permit product to pool in the loading area, therefore as not to permit any subsequent fuel source for a fire. The greatest concern with a tank is the possibility of an overflow spill. An ignited overflow spill will result in a major fire in the dike area around the tank as well as a fire at the surface level of the tank. It is always important to control the spill fire before attempting to control the tank surface fire, since a spill fire would continue to re-ignite vapors coming from the tank. With the spill fire contained, efforts can be made to control the tank surface fire. The spill area
must be secured with a foam blanket for vapor suppression for the duration of the incident. A floating roof, will limit the amount of surface available to support fire. If the floating roof is lost, due to an explosion or sinking, the fire can be expected to intensify rapidly. In the event of a fire in a tank your best option may be for exposure protection with large volumes of water and/or foam. Fire Water System: There is a fire water system loop that follows the perimeter of the facility. Wet Barrel hydrants are located evenly spaced. The system is stand alone private. The system ties in at the North end of the facility. The piping ranges from 6 to 8. Flows for the individual hydrants range from 4,000 GPM @ 20psi Residual to 1,142 GPM @ 20psi Residual. The fire water system is configured for supplemental feed via Fire Department connections. There are (3) FDC s The Fire Department Connections are fed from an engine that would be supplied from the mainline supply hydrants, (2 Brass hydrants with double 4 Steamers) located at the North End of the facility. This would provide increased system capacity during an emergency incident. PROCEDURE: The first arriving unit at the scene of an incident at the Tank Farm shall provide the following information in the initial report: Specific location name of shipper involved Type of incident leak, spill, fire or no fire Extent of spill, leak or fire Observation of any automatic fire protection, liquid level control or pipeline product delivery systems Tank number(s) and location(s) Typically a facility manager is on site 24 hrs; please use this person at the Command Post in a Technical advisor position with Planning.
Initial Actions should be directed toward the tactical priorities listed below. Action should proceed cautiously High Level of safety Avoid committing personnel to dangerous situations Command Post Location outside of facility Notification of assisting agencies through Public Safety Communications. Haz Mat 13 and Battalion 4 National Response Center 1-800-424-8802 Cal-EMA San Mateo County Environmental Health Regional Water Quality Control Board California Department of Toxic Substances Control 1-800- 728-6942 Kinder Morgan Emergency Response Contractors: Forward, Inc. Universal Environmental Inc. TACTICAL PRIORITIES Major incidents at the Tank Farm will involve either a leak or a spill of a petroleum product. The situation may or may not involve a fire. The tactical priorities are: 1. Ensure that company and contract employees are not within a hazardous atmosphere or have the potential to be exposed. 2. Cover the spill with a foam blanket to control fire, vapor and/or prevent ignition. 3. Control potential sources of ignition. 4. Have a HAZ MAT unit monitor the foam blanket to determine its effectiveness. 5. Contain the spill or run-off. 6. Identify and control the source of the spill or leak.
7. Maintain a foam blanket until product can be picked up. 8. Keep all personnel and vehicles out of the spill area. 9. Maintain an adequate volume of foam solution on scene for the duration of the incident. 10. Possible evacuation needs and assistance of local police for assistance. NOTE: A large spill can create an extremely large vapor problem and may flash back from ignition sources at significant distances. While covering the spill to suppress vapors, the direction and extent of vapor travel must be determined. Foam Application When attempting to control a large flammable liquid fire, the strategy should be to wait until enough foam concentrate to control the fire is on the scene before beginning the attack. If the attack runs out of foam before the fire is controlled, all of the foam will have been wasted. Fires which are controllable with the foam supply on hand should be attacked without delay. This applies to most spill fires and tank vehicle incidents. If the fire is too large to be controlled by the initial attack capability, Command should consider a holding action to protect exposures and prevent spread until additional foam supplies can be assembled and prepared for use. Subsurface Injection: A system of connections is available to pump foam directly into the main piping manifold at the Tank Farm. The connections are located in the Kinder Morgan Pipelines property near the center of the complex. By opening valves and directing the flow, it is possible to direct this flow to designated tank in the complex and accomplish subsurface injection. Before beginning subsurface injection, it may be necessary to transfer product out of the involved tank to make room for product in the lines that will be pushed ahead of the foam. Company representative MUST be contacted for instructions to transfer any product. NOTE: FIXED FOAM SYSTEMS FOR SUBSURFACE SHALL NOT BE USED PRIOR TO CONSULTATION WITH THE RESPONSIBLE PARTY.
The use of these systems may require complicated operations to manipulate valves, drain lines or remove product. These operations require liaison and cooperation with the responsible parties. Hose Streams: Foam (AFFF) may be applied through 1 3/4 inch handlines from all engine companies. Master stream capabilities shall be considered. When using hose streams, caution must be taken to use a large enough line to penetrate the heat of the fire from a safe distance. Foam Supply If the foam supply on hand at the incident scene is not adequate for the incident, Command should direct Public Safety Communications to make notifications for supply. This shall be obtained from: San Francisco Airport Mutual Aid Fire Departments Emergency Purchase from vendors Because of the large foam demands required for ground spill fires, Command should consider creating a Foam Division/Group. The Foam Division/Group is responsible for ensuring that a sufficient volume of foam is available to control the fire and to assist in maintaining a constant supply during foam water solution application. The Foam Division/Group is also responsible for ensuring that enough foam remains on-hand for continuous application if, after extinguishment, firefighters must enter into the spill area. At least 50% of the amount of foam required for extinguishment should be maintained available, especially if tank overhaul is required. Exposure Protection When exposure protection is required, large volume water streams should be used for reach and cooling capacity. Water application must be managed to avoid breaking-up foam blankets or increasing the problems of fuel spills.
Steam production should be used as a guide to protecting exposures: If steam is created when water strikes the surface of the tank, the need for protection is indicated. Tanks generally require little protection on vertical surfaces below the liquid level. Some of the tank farm facilities have fixed monitor nozzles that can be used to apply cooling water onto tanks that require exposure protection. Valve Protection Product control valves on the storage tanks are beneficial because they can be used to route liquid from a fire-involved tank to an empty or partially full tank. Failing to protect these valves in the event of a ground spill fire may prevent tank farm personnel from routing liquid from fire exposed or damaged tanks. In the event of a ground spill fire that does not submerge the valve in liquid, a fire stream should be applied to each valve that may be subjected to heat damage. The use of protective streams will protect the operating components of the valves so that they are not damaged. Utility Control If disconnecting the electric power is considered as part of the incident tactics, confirm with the tank farm personnel the implications of this act. Disconnecting power can shut down transfer pumps used to remove spilled products at loading racks, cause motor operated valves on storage tanks to close which prevents subsurface foam injection, and disable controls for all the storage tanks. Traffic Control One of the more likely events at the tank farms is a spill resulting from an accidentally overfilled tank. Given the volatility of the fuels, a large area may be covered with vapors that can be within their flammable range. Traffic control should be established early in the incident to limit the potential for vehicles becoming ignition sources.