General Trial Information Investigator: Daniel A Ball Title: Professor Affiliation: Columbia Basin Ag. Research Postal Code: 97801 E-mail: daniel.ball@oregonstate.edu Trial Location City: Pendleton Trial Status: E State/Prov.: OR Postal Code: 97801 Objectives: Evaluate PRE and sequential treatments for downy brome control in dryland PNW soft white winter wheat. Cooperator: Kurt Sandberg Organization: FMC Cooperator/Landowner Crop Description Crop 1: TRZAX Triticum aestivum Soft white winter wheat Variety: Skiles BBCH Scale: BCER Planting Date: 10/10/11 Rate, Unit: 90 LB/A Depth, Unit: 1 IN Row Spacing, Unit: 6 IN Seed Bed: COMPAC Soil Moisture: SLIWET Emergence Date: 10/17/11 Harvest Date: 7/26/12 Harvest Equipment: Hege plot combine Harvested Width, Unit: 5 FT Harvested Length, Unit: 26 FT Pest Description Pest 1 Type: W Code: BROTE Bromus tectorum Common Name: Downy brome Site and Design Plot Width, Unit: 9 FT Plot Length, Unit: 30 FT Tillage Type: chisel/cultivate Replications: 4 Study Design: Randomized Complete Block Soil Description Description Name: Walla Walla Silt Loam % Sand: 22 % OM: 1.9 Texture: silt loam % Silt: 65.3 ph: 5.5 Soil Name: Walla Walla % Clay: 12.7 CEC: 16.8 Fert. Level: EXCELLENT Analyzed By: Agri-Check Moisture and Weather Conditions Overall Moisture Conditions: SLIWET Application Description Application Date: 10/14/11 3/7/12 3/25/12 Time of Day: 3:15pm 11:45 am 10:30 am Application Method: SPRAY SPRAY SPRAY Application Timing: PREPRE EAPOWE LAPOWE Application Placement: Surface FOLIAR FOLIAR Air Temperature, Unit: 56 F 43 F 44 F % Relative Humidity: 80 78 75 Wind Velocity, Unit: 0 MPH 4 MPH 4 MPH Wind Direction: calm SW SW Dew Presence (Y/N): N N Y Soil Temperature, Unit: 62 F 50 F 55 F Soil Moisture: ADEQUATE MOIST MOIST
% Cloud Cover: 100 0 0
Crop Stage At Each Application Crop 1 Code, BBCH Scale: TRZAX BCER TRZAX BCER TRZAX BCER Stage Scale Used: DESC DESC DESC Stage Majority, Percent: PRE 5 leaf 6.5 leaf Pest Stage At Each Application Pest 1 Code, Disc., Scale: BROTE W BROTE W BROTE W Stage Majority, Percent: PRE 5 leaf 5.5 lf Application Equipment Operating Pressure, Unit: 30 PSI 29 PSI 32 PSI Nozzle Type: flat fan flat fan flat fan Nozzle Size: 8002 8002 8002 Boom Length, Unit: 9 FT 9 FT 9 FT Ground Speed, Unit: 3.5 MPH 3.5 MPH 3.5 MPH Carrier: H2O H2O H2O Spray Volume, Unit: 16 GAL/AC 16 gal/ac 16 gal/ac Mix Size, Unit: 1.7 1.7 liters 1.7 liters Propellant: CO2 CO2 CO2 Date By Notes 3/7/12 Dan Ball Good Spray Conditions. Slight Breeze With The Plot Area.
Pest Name Downy brome Crop Name Winter wheat Winter wheat Winter wheat Rating Date 3/8/12 4/9/12 5/17/12 3/8/12 Rating Data Type Injury Injury Injury Control Rating Unit % % % % Trt Treatment Form Form Rate Growth No. Name Conc Type Rate Unit Stage 1 Untreated Check 0 0 0 5 2 F9312-2 (pyroxa 237 SE 0.0572 lb ai/a PREPRE 0 0 0 13 3 F9312-2 237 SE 0.0859 lb ai/a PREPRE 0 0 0 18 4 F9312-2 237 SE 0.1145 lb ai/a PREPRE 0 0 0 34 5 F9312-2 237 SE 0.229 lb ai/a PREPRE 0 0 0 48 6 F9310-6 (pyroxa 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a PREPRE 0 0 0 28 7 F6180 (pyroxas 85 WG 0.08 lb ai/a PREPRE 0 0 0 8 8 Axiom 68 WG 0.425 lb ai/a PREPRE 0 0 0 19 9 Axiom 68 WG 0.85 lb ai/a PREPRE 0 0 0 55 10 Axiom 68 WG 0.425 lb ai/a PREPRE 0 0 0 64 10 Olympus 70 WG 0.0263 lb ai/a PREPRE 11 F9312-2 237 SE 0.0859 lb ai/a PREPRE 0 3 0 20 11 PowerFlex 7.5 WG 0.0164 lb ai/a EAPOWE 11 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v EAPOWE 11 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a EAPOWE 12 F9310-6 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a EAPOWE 0 1 0 5 12 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v EAPOWE 12 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a EAPOWE 13 F9310-6 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a EAPOWE 0 4 0 4 13 PowerFlex 7.5 WG 0.0164 lb ai/a EAPOWE 13 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v EAPOWE 13 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a EAPOWE 14 PowerFlex 7.5 WG 0.0164 lb ai/a EAPOWE 0 3 0 4 14 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v EAPOWE 14 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a EAPOWE 15 F9310-6 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a PREPRE 0 11 0 18 15 F9310-6 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a LAPOWE 15 PowerFlex 7.5 WG 0.0164 lb ai/a LAPOWE 15 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v LAPOWE 15 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a LAPOWE LSD (P=.05) 0.0 1.8 0.0 13.3 Replicate F 0.000 1.835 0.000 1.021 Replicate Prob(F) 1.0000 0.1554 1.0000 0.3931 Treatment F 0.000 22.721 0.000 17.344 Treatment Prob(F) 1.0000 0.0001 1.0000 0.0001 Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, LSD) Mean comparisons performed only when AOV Treatment P(F) is significant at mean comparison OSL.
Pest Name Downy brome Downy brome Crop Name Winter wheat Rating Date 4/9/12 5/17/12 Rating Data Type Control Control Plant Ht YIELD Rating Unit % % IN bu/a Trt Treatment Form Form Rate Growth No. Name Conc Type Rate Unit Stage 1 Untreated Check 0 0 38 58.8 2 F9312-2 (pyroxa 237 SE 0.0572 lb ai/a PREPRE 24 28 38 60.9 3 F9312-2 237 SE 0.0859 lb ai/a PREPRE 20 33 37 69.2 4 F9312-2 237 SE 0.1145 lb ai/a PREPRE 36 38 39 62.3 5 F9312-2 237 SE 0.229 lb ai/a PREPRE 49 51 39 72.5 6 F9310-6 (pyroxa 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a PREPRE 24 28 38 68.6 7 F6180 (pyroxas 85 WG 0.08 lb ai/a PREPRE 18 23 38 66.6 8 Axiom 68 WG 0.425 lb ai/a PREPRE 36 49 38 68.3 9 Axiom 68 WG 0.85 lb ai/a PREPRE 65 66 37 67.0 10 Axiom 68 WG 0.425 lb ai/a PREPRE 66 64 38 83.5 10 Olympus 70 WG 0.0263 lb ai/a PREPRE 11 F9312-2 237 SE 0.0859 lb ai/a PREPRE 75 97 38 81.9 11 PowerFlex 7.5 WG 0.0164 lb ai/a EAPOWE 11 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v EAPOWE 11 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a EAPOWE 12 F9310-6 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a EAPOWE 11 13 37 56.4 12 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v EAPOWE 12 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a EAPOWE 13 F9310-6 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a EAPOWE 74 95 38 80.5 13 PowerFlex 7.5 WG 0.0164 lb ai/a EAPOWE 13 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v EAPOWE 13 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a EAPOWE 14 PowerFlex 7.5 WG 0.0164 lb ai/a EAPOWE 70 91 39 77.8 14 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v EAPOWE 14 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a EAPOWE 15 F9310-6 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a PREPRE 68 97 38 75.9 15 F9310-6 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a LAPOWE 15 PowerFlex 7.5 WG 0.0164 lb ai/a LAPOWE 15 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v LAPOWE 15 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a LAPOWE LSD (P=.05) 11.8 12.3 1.4 18.05 Replicate F 10.277 5.159 0.099 0.126 Replicate Prob(F) 0.0001 0.0040 0.9602 0.9440 Treatment F 38.365 56.250 1.664 1.814 Treatment Prob(F) 0.0001 0.0001 0.1013 0.0687 Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, LSD) Mean comparisons performed only when AOV Treatment P(F) is significant at mean comparison OSL.
Pest Name Crop Name Winter wheat Rating Date Rating Data Type test wt Rating Unit lb/bu Trt Treatment Form Form Rate Growth No. Name Conc Type Rate Unit Stage 1 Untreated Check 61.2 2 F9312-2 (pyroxa 237 SE 0.0572 lb ai/a PREPRE 61.3 3 F9312-2 237 SE 0.0859 lb ai/a PREPRE 61.5 4 F9312-2 237 SE 0.1145 lb ai/a PREPRE 61.4 5 F9312-2 237 SE 0.229 lb ai/a PREPRE 61.3 6 F9310-6 (pyroxa 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a PREPRE 61.4 7 F6180 (pyroxas 85 WG 0.08 lb ai/a PREPRE 61.3 8 Axiom 68 WG 0.425 lb ai/a PREPRE 61.5 9 Axiom 68 WG 0.85 lb ai/a PREPRE 61.4 10 Axiom 68 WG 0.425 lb ai/a PREPRE 61.4 10 Olympus 70 WG 0.0263 lb ai/a PREPRE 11 F9312-2 237 SE 0.0859 lb ai/a PREPRE 61.1 11 PowerFlex 7.5 WG 0.0164 lb ai/a EAPOWE 11 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v EAPOWE 11 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a EAPOWE 12 F9310-6 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a EAPOWE 61.1 12 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v EAPOWE 12 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a EAPOWE 13 F9310-6 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a EAPOWE 61.4 13 PowerFlex 7.5 WG 0.0164 lb ai/a EAPOWE 13 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v EAPOWE 13 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a EAPOWE 14 PowerFlex 7.5 WG 0.0164 lb ai/a EAPOWE 61.5 14 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v EAPOWE 14 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a EAPOWE 15 F9310-6 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a PREPRE 61.4 15 F9310-6 2.15 SE 0.0825 lb ai/a LAPOWE 15 PowerFlex 7.5 WG 0.0164 lb ai/a LAPOWE 15 NIS 100 SL 0.50 % v/v LAPOWE 15 AMS 100 SG 1.5 lb/a LAPOWE LSD (P=.05) 0.47 Replicate F 0.000 Replicate Prob(F) 1.0000 Treatment F 0.623 Treatment Prob(F) 0.8306 Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, LSD) Mean comparisons performed only when AOV Treatment P(F) is significant at mean comparison OSL.
Trial Comments The objectives of this trial were to evaluate crop safety and downy brome control with preemergence (PREPRE) applications of pyroxasulfone or Axiom compared to early (EAPOWE) or late(lapowe) postemergence applied PowerFlex in winter wheat. Winter wheat, variety Skiles, was planted Oct. 10, 2011. Preemergence(PREPRE- timing A) treatments were applied Oct. 14, 2011. PowerFlex was applied alone or sequentially following PRE treatments on March 7,2012(EAPOWE - timing B) or March 25, 2012 (LAPOWE - timing C). Crop injury and downy brome control were rated March 8, April 9, and May 17, 2012. Dry conditions after fall seeding resulted in poor control of downy brome from PREPRE applied herbicide treatments. Of the PREPRE treatments, pyroxasulfone at 2 oz/a gave 76% control of downy brome at the late April evaluation. The other PREPRE treatments averaged from 36 to 75% control. The best downy brome control was generally obtained with various sequential treatments of Axiom or pyroxasulfone followed by a early spring postemergence treatment of PowerFlex. Wheat was harvested in late July 2012 with a Hege small plot combine. The samples were further cleaned with an Almaco air cleaner, samples weighed and test weights measured. Yields were converted to bu/a using a standard 60 lb/bu test weight. All of the treated plots had higher yields than the untreated control plots. There were no significant differences in test weight among any of the treatments. Precipitation at Pendleton Exp. Station: Month 2011-12 (inches) 10-year average (inches) September 0.00 0.59 October 0.83 1.35 November 1.02 2.25 December 0.48 2.10 January 1.80 1.87 February 1.37 1.59 March 2.79 1.86 April 2.53 1.46 May 0.72 1.58 June 2.12 1.21 July 0.81 0.20 August 0.00 0.33 TOTAL 14.48 16.37