H-10 Field Vane Shear Apparatus SL842 Impact Test Equipment Ltd www.impact-test.co.uk & www.impact-test.com User Guide User Guide
Impact Test Equipment Ltd. Building 21 Stevenston Ind. Est. Stevenston Ayrshire KA20 3LR T: 01294 602626 F: 01294 461168 E: sales@impact-test.co.uk Test Equipment Web Site www.impact-test.co.uk Test Sieves & Accessories Web Site www.impact-test.com
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE H-10 FIELD SHEAR VANE BORER
CONTENTS 1 PURPOSE... 1 2 DESCRIPTION... 1 2.1 Vane borer... 1 2.2 Vane borer instrument... 1 2.2.1 Equipment for the instrument... 1 2.2.2 Principles and function... 2 3 WORKING INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE VANE BORER AND INSTRUMENT... 3 3.1 Vane borer... 3 3.1.1 Assembly... 3 3.1.2 Control... 4 3.1.3 Driving... 4 3.1.4 Preparation for measurements... 4 3.2 Vane boring instrument... 4 3.2.1 To dismantle the instrument... 4 3.2.2 Zero adjustment... 5 3.2.3 Mounting and clamping... 5 3.2.4 Loading and reading... 6 3.2.5 Undisturbed shear strength... 6 3.2.6 Remoulded shear strength... 6 3.2.7 Removing the instrument... 6 3.2.8 Taking up the vane... 6 3.3 Maintenance... 7 3.3.1 Vane borer... 7 3.3.2 Instrument... 7 4 OPTION - ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVE 7 4.1 Operating instructions 7 4.2 Reading 8 4.3 Updating 8 4.4 Caution 8
5 COMPONENT LIST FOR PART NO. 23000 (H-10) VANE BORER FOR 30 M DEPTH, COMPLETE...9 6 COMPONENT LIST FOR PART NO. 23500 (H-300) LOWER PART FOR VANE BORER, COMPLETE... 10 Enclosures: H-10 part list with drawings
1 PURPOSE The vane borer instrument, together with the vane borer, is used for in situ measurements of the undrained shear strength in clays for short-time stability calculations. 2 D E S C R IPTION 2.1 Vane borer The main part of the vane borer is the vane which is secured to a steel rod by welding. There are two vane sizes, which are interchangeable. In order to avoid adherence between the vane rod and the clay during rotation of the vane, the rod is protected by a protection tube. To reduce friction in the system, the space between the rod and the protection tube is filled with grease under pressure and a thrust ball-bearing is placed between the coupling piece and the protection tube. During penetration, the vane is withdrawn into the protection shoe and locked in this position by the retaining spring which is pressed into the groove in the locking sleeve. The vane is unlocked by a blow on the extension rod. The vane is extended with 16 mm diameter rods and the housing with 36 mm diameter pipes, both of one metre length. 2.2 Vane borer instrument The purpose of the instrument is to set up shear stresses in the clay at the vane and to measure the torque on the vane at failure. 2.2.1 Equipment for the instrument Qty Equiment Item No. 2 handles 23 106 1 crank handle For S.no. 0 to 1500: 23103 For S.no. from 1500: 23104 1 hexagonal adaptor and extension piece 23 102 1 tommy bar 11 mm diameter 23 105 1 liner for 36 mm diameter pipes 24 000 H:\AMI\BRUKSANNA\H-10-man Page 1 of 10
2.2.2 Principles and function The instrument consists mainly of the following components: 1. The stem with a clamping device. 2. The instrument's torque-transmitting shaft. 3. Housing containing the measuring spring 4. The reading dial position on top of the spring housing 5. Gearbox with double wormgear - for instruments with serial numbers 1000-1500 the reduction is 1/3600, for serial numbers from 1500 the reduction is 1/1800. Re 1. Re 2 Re 4 The stem is the backbone of the instrument around which the instrument is built. The stem also acts as a foot, anchoring the instrument to the outer pipe by means of a clamp. The instrument's torque-transmitting shaft can be seen through the slots in the stem below the gearbox. The shaft is ball-bearing mounted inside the stem and connected to the measuring spring. It is free and fits into the hexagonal adaptor. The spring housing is mounted on the stem in bush-bearings. The measuring spring, being of a circular type with rectangular cross-section, is incorporated between the spring housing and the shaft. By turning the spring housing a torque will, therefore, be transmitted from this to the shaft via the spring. The spring will deform corresponding to the torque transmitted. The spring deformation is registered on the dial. The vanes and the vane borer are designed for a maximum torque of 6000 Ncm. The standard instrument is therefore delivered with a 6000 Ncm spring. With this spring and the standard vanes, the following shear-stresses can be measured: Vane 55 x 110 from 0 to 100 kpa Vane 65 x 130 from 0 to 60 kpa Re 4. The spring housing is fitted with two external sockets for the handles enabling the housing to be rotated directly. The reading dial is positioned in the lid of the spring housing. The dial contains two hands. The red hand indicates at any time the spring deformation, while the white hand merely is a slave hand following the first and indicating the maximum reading. HAAMI\BRUKSANVM-10-man Page 2 of 10
Re 5. The gearbox is mounted rigidly to the stem. For instruments with serial numbers from 1000 to 1500 the reduction will be 1/3600, for serial numbers from 1500 the reduction is 1/1800. A crank handle fits into the ingoing shaft of the reduction gear. The spring housing can be rotated clockwise by means of the crank handle. The gear will reduce the crank speed by 3600 or 1800 depending on the serial number. A ratchet wheel and pawl allow the spring housing to be rotated clockwise independent of the gear. 3 WORKING INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE VANE BORER AND INSTRUMENT 3.1 Vane borer 3.1.1 Assembly Place the bushing (23503) and the rubber packing (23504) in position in the protection shoe (vane shoe) (23501). Screw the vane tube guide (23800) loosely into the vane shoe (23501). Insert the vane protection tube (23505) through the vane tube guide (23800), rubber packing (23504), bushing (23503) and vane shoe (23501). Slide the vane rod into position through the vane protection tube (23505). Locate the thrust ball-bearing (23506) and screw the vane rod on to the locking piece (23600). Place the protection shoe over the vane and screw the locking piece (23600) tightly on to the vane (23502 or 23521). Inject grease in the nipple on the locking piece (23600) until grease extrudes from the bottom end of the protection tube (23505). Screw the vane tube guide (23800) tightly on to the vane shoe (23501) and then to the cover tube (23510) to vane tube guide (23800), and the locking tube (23507) and ring (23508) onto the cover tube (23510). The locking tube (23507) and ring (23508) is so located that the spring (23603) at the locking piece (23600) goes into the socket at the locking tube (23507),when the vane is inside the shoe. Secure with the locking ring (23508). Inject grease in the nipple on the vane tube guide (23800). Finally screw the adaptor (23509) on to the cover tube (23510). The lower section is now mounted. HAAMITRUKSANWH-10-man Page 3 of 10
3.1.2 Control With the short steel rod (24300) in position in the locking piece (23600), screw on a 1 m steel rod (41111) and 1 m outer pipe (41101) (on to the lower part of the vane borer without a coupling (41100). Screw the hexagonal adaptor (23102) on to the steel rod. Take out the vane by placing the tommy bar (23105) mounted in the instrument case in the bottom of the adaptor, and knocking this carefully with a heavy hammer. If everything is assembled correctly, the vane should reach 50 cm outside the cover, and the instrument should be in place on the pipe and in the socket. Check that the vane can be rotated without noticeable friction. 3.1.3 Driving Lock the vane in place inside the protection shoe, and press the vane borer down to the required depth, using a hydraulic rig. Alternatively a rack jack or a tripod arrangement with anchoring frame and earth screws may be used. NB: The vane borer is not designed for hammering 3.1.4 Preparation for measurements When the vane borer is at the required depth, screw on the hexagonal adaptor (23102) to the inner rod (41111/-110), place the tommy bar (23105) horizontally through the adaptor and line it up with a distant point (this to ensure easy re-entering of the vane into the protection shoe). Insert the above mentioned tommy bar (23105) vertically in the adaptor. A blow on top of the hexagonal adaptor (23102) with a hammer will knock the vane out of the locking device, and drive the inner rod downwards (approx. 50 cm) until the vane is in place. NB: Do not turn the inner rod during driving 3.2 Vane boring instrument 3.2.1 To dismantle the instrument Unscrew the three countersunk screws that secure the cover to the spring housing and remove the cover, complete with dial and glass, from the instrument. Hs \AMI \ BRUKSANWH-10-man Page 4 of 10
NB: The cover is located by dowel pins. The measuring spring and recording mechanism are now accessible. Remove the bracket that carries the pointer. Then remove the two screws that secure the measuring spring to the spring-housing. The taper pin is then driven out from the spring arm and the spring arm drawn off the main shaft complete with the spring Remove the Seegerring, and the spring housing can be lifted up. The gearbox is now uncovered. For taking out the gears, start by unscrewing the setscrew under the ingoing shaft (underneath the crank handle), and pull out the cap with the smaller wormgear. Unscrew the three screws for the larger cap and the shaft with the wormwheel and gear comes out. The big wormwheel can now be lifted up. 3.2.2 Zero adjustment Adjust the zero reading at regular intervals, at least once for every bore hole. Before mounting the instrument, place a screw driver in the slot (on the foot) and secure the hexagonal torque-transmitting shaft while the spring housing is rotated clockwise until the hands respond. The red hand is allowed to return slowly and the scale is set to zero as follows: The setscrew positioned immediately below the dial on the outside of the instrument's lid is unscrewed and the dial is turned so that zero coincides with the hand. NB: Take care to retighten the setscrew I 3.2.3 Mounting and clamping Ensure that the wingscrews are sufficiently far out to allow the instrument to enter on the outer pipe. Place the instrument carefully on top of the pipe ensuring that the main shaft enters the adaptor on top of the inner rods. NB: Be careful not to twist or bump the hexagonal adaptor, as this can disturb the clay at the vane, thereby giving incorrect values of the undisturbed shear strength NB: When the instrument sits properly on the pipe, fasten the three wingscrews. If large readings are expected, it is necessary to lock the outer pipe to prevent it from rotating counterclockwise during loading HAAMI\BRUKSANWH-10-man Page 5 of 10
NB: The three clamp screws, retaining the instrument to the outer casing tube, must be screwed up tight to prevent the instrument from slipping, otherwise this can damage the pointer spindle. The energy stored in the measuring spring will be released causing a very high acceleration on the pointer 3.2.4 Loading and reading The preferable way of obtaining accurate readings is by means of the crank handle. 3.2.5 Undisturbed shear strength Push the crank handle as far as possible into the crank opening on the gearbox and turn the crank clockwise until it grips the gear. NB: Always rotate the crank clockwise Rotate the crank clockwise with as constant a speed as possible: 1 rev/sec. is recommended. The spring housing will then rotate 0.1 per sec. for instruments with serial number below 1500, respectively 0.2 per sec. for serial numbers over 1500. Watch the hands in the dial. When the hands stop and the red one returns, failure is obtained in the clay at the vane. Take all readings off the white hand and note them together with the depth, boring position etc. Compare these readings with the calibration curve for the instrument and read off the undisturbed shear strength. 3.2.6 Remoulded shear strength Rotate the vane by rotating the spring housing with the handle bars, 25 complete revolutions. Use the crank handle and take two readings at 90 to each other to check a possible non-verticality in the system. Record the smaller reading. 3.2.7 Removing the instrument Unscrew the wingscrews and lift off the instrument. 3.2.8 Taking up the vane Place the tommy bar in the hexagonal adaptor. Line up to the same point as before and push the vane sharply into its housing. HAMIRBRUKSANVM-10-man Page 6 of 10
NB: Make sure that the retaining spring has engaged in the slot before proceeding to the next depth 3.3 Maintenance 3.3.1 Vane borer Grease should be injected into the nipples for each bore hole. The whole vane borer should be completely dismantled and thoroughly cleaned, usually at every third bore hole. NB: If the vane borer is left lying unused on the ground, it must be dismantled and cleaned 3.3.2 Instrument The instrument is rigidly built and does not require much attention, provided that it is used carefully and kept away from dirt and mud as much as possible. To ensure that correct shear strengths are obtained it is, however, adviseable to have the instrument calibrated at regular intervals, normally once a year. 4 OPTION - ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVE 4.1 Operating instructions The electric motor drive is an alternative to the standrd crank handle supplied with the vane borer instrument. Suitable for instruments with serial numbers over 1500. It is driven from a 12VDC supply and is suitably geared to rotate the input shaft at 66 rpm which is the requirement for the correct operation of the instrument. The gear motor is inserted into the socket in the same way as the crank handle is. It is secured to the instrument by means of the knurled locking ring which is screwed firmly to the threaded insert protruding from the H-10 instrument. HAAMI\BRUKSANWH-10-man Page 7 of 10
4.2 Reading The motor is switched on and drives the gear until shear is registered on the reading dial whereupon it is switched off. NB: The standard crank handle supplied with the instrument can still be used when the motor is removed 4.3 Updating The electric motor option can be built into all Geonor vane borer instruments less than 10 years old. The existing insert for the crank handle must be replaced by an insert with external threads to suit the motor coupling. This is supplied with the modification. 4.4 Caution The motor should not be exposed to mechanical shock, i.e. falling on a concrete floor, as it is a precision product of high quality. H:\AMI\BRUKSANWH-10-man Page 8 of 10
5 COMPONENT LIST FOR PART NO. 23000 (II-10) VANE BORER FOR 30 M DEPTH, COMPLETE QTY ITEM NO TEXT 1 23 500 Complete lower part, type SGI, with vane 55x110 mm 1 23 100 Complete instrument with cranking, w/plywood transport case 30 41 101 Extension tube (036x1000 mm) 30 41 100 Connection piece, M30/17 mm 30 41 111 Extension rod (016x1000 mm) 30 41 110 Connection piece, M10/40 mm 2 43 259 Wrench for extension tubes (41101) 2 41 112 Wrench for extension rods (41111) Spare parts: 1 23 502 Vane, 55x110 mm 2 23 521 Vane, 65x130 mm 1 3 1 01.02.02.15C 01.12.12.0 01.10.10.01.0 1 23 505 Vane protection tube Equipment for preboring/insertion/extraction: 5" auger Extension tube, 3/4" x 1000 mm Handle for auger 1 43 258 5" steel tube for top vane hole, casing 6 ft. 1 43 200 Ball cone clamp, 27-38 mm 1 19 200 Anchoring frame 2 19 300 Soil screw, 8" 1 19 500 Handle for soil screw 2 19 400 Clamp for anchoring screw 1 14 800 Rack jack, 5 ton capacity 2 19 201 Locking bolt for anchoring frame Equipment for transportation: 4 19 100 Transport case in steel HAAMI\BRUKSANWH-10-man Page 9 of 10
6 COMPONENT LIST FOR PART NO. 23500 (11-300) LOWER PART FOR VANE BORER, COMPLETE QTY ITEM NO. TEXT 1 23 501 Vane shoe, 65 mm 1 23 502 Vane, 55x110 mm 1 23 503 Bushing 5 23 504 Packing, rubber 1 23 505 Vane protection tube 1 23 506 Thrust bearing 1 23 507 Locking tube 1 23 508 Locking ring 1 23 509 Adaptor 1 23 510 Cover tube 2 23 511 Wrench, 55 mm 1 23 600 Locking piece, complete 1 23 603 Spring for locking piece 1 23 700 Grease gun 1 23 800 Vane tube guide 1 24 300 Adaptor for vane borer, dia. 16x420 mm 1 23 512 Hook spanner 1 26 100 Allen key for locking piece H:\AMI \BRUKSANV41-10-man Page 10 of 10
2310Q _.VAINE BORER.H -10 ( 2 3 0 0 0 - c o m p l e t e s t a n d a r d e q u i p m e n t f o r 3 0 m d e p t h ) 23600 of2 3601 23604' 0 23603 23509 24300 - / 3602 mi-23506 (Qat -23512 trt 0 23510 O O en 1.0 U1 to to (N1 O 111 fri 23800 0= - 2 3 5 0 4 23503 24500 23501 2 3 11 41110 41100 41111 41101 70. Box 99 Roa
T he field vane shear test (FVST) is the most widely used method for measuring the undrained shear strength and sensitivity of soft clays in-situ. FVST is a more economic method than for example CPT, as its operation does not require a drilling rig or highly qualified personnel. Some criteria have nevertheless to be respected if the chosen FVST equipment is to be used as a professional, detailed investigation instrument: The instrument should allow direct penetration boring, in order to avoid inaccuracy due to rod-clay friction. The vane itself must be protected against any bending due to stones or harder layers of soil. The H-10 is a fully protected, pressure push-in, field vane instrument. No rod-soil friction is possible due to its tube-protected rods. No need either to check the vane, nor to clean it between each shearing (clay adhering to the vane may increase its area ratio considerably): The protection shoe of the H-10 not only protects the vane but also cleans it automatically before each measurement. The shoe is particularly useful for testing in stratified, sandy, stony and marine sediment clays. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS: GEONOR H-10 FIELD SHEAR VANE BORER Installation: Pressure push-in, no hammering. By hand with the ground-anchored jacking system or with a hydraulic drilling rig. Instrument: Gear driven, accuracy of torque reading: + - 0.5% of range. Measurement range: From 0-60 kpa (0-6 T/m 2 ) and 0-100 kpa (0-10 T/m 2 ). Lower part: Total length with the vane extended: Max outer diameter: 1430 mm 77 mm Weight: 15 kg Two different sizes of vanes: 55 mm x 110 mm and 65 mm x 130 mm Instrument: Max outer diameter Weight including instrument box 320 mm 16 kg Vane Borer H-10 complete for 30m depth, consists mainly of: Readout instrument complete Vane borer lower part with vanes Set of spare vanes and protection tube 30 extension tubes and rods Preboring equipment complete Complete insertion/extraction with rack jack, ball cone clamp, anchoring screws etc. Steel transport cases.