Grain: World Markets and Trade

Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service Circular Series FG 12-1 Dec 21 Grain: World Markets and Trade Abundant Global Rice Supplies Contrast With a Tight Wheat Supply Situation Milled Rice Wheat 46 4 69 68 MMT 44 43 42 41 4 39 38 8/9 9/21 21/211 (Dec) World Production World Consumption MMT Both rice and wheat prices continue their upward surge despite the appearance of different global supply and demand conditions. In the case of rice, the price surge would appear to be stronger than warranted with global production expected to meet consumption as a result of record supplies. Global stocks, and stocks outside, are both forecast to be large, and perhaps more importantly, carry-in stocks held by major exporters are the largest in 1 years. Lower prices would normally be associated with this surplus scenario. However, there are a number of other market/policy factors supporting the higher prices. The weakening dollar is a factor in the higher rice prices, as well cross-price elasticity between wheat and rice as both are food grains. U.S. milling quality problems are limiting supplies of high-quality rice. Vietnam s tight supplies and high minimum export price have temporarily constrained new sales until the next crop supplies are available. Furthermore, despite huge stocks, India s continuing export ban on non-basmati rice limits supplies available to the world, and Pakistan s short crop will help support prices. In the case of wheat, the gap between global production and consumption supports rising prices. Smaller supplies and falling stocks in most major exporters, along with Russia s export, ban have fueled the price surge. Also driving wheat prices higher are tighter supplies of high-quality milling wheat with sharp reductions in grain quality this year in Germany,, and Australia, all normally major suppliers. For wheat, as with rice, there are a number of market and policy factors affecting prices. 67 66 6 64 63 62 61 6 8/9 9/21 21/211 (Dec) World Production World Consumption Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board - USDA

TABLE OF CONTENTS World Markets and Trade: Commentary and Current Data Wheat... 4 Rice... 9 Coarse Grains... 13 Historical Data Series for Selected Regions and Countries... 33 Endnotes to Grain: World Markets and Trade... 2 The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) updates its production, supply and distribution database for cotton, oilseeds, and grains at 9 a.m. on the day the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report is released. It is available on the FAS website (http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/). This circular is released at 1: a.m. on the same day, together with its downloadable data set. Grain: World Markets and Trade, 2

All Grain Summary Comparison Wheat Rice, Milled Corn Marketing Year 8/9 9/1 8/9 9/1 8/9 9/1 Production (Jun-May) 68. 6.4 6.1 6.4 6.9 7.4 37.1 333. 318. Other 61.3 621.7 86.4 441.7 434.3 44. 49.6 479.4 2.2 683.3 682.1 646. 448.1 441.2 42.4 797.8 812.4 82.7 Domestic Consumption (Jun-May) 34.3 3.9 32.3 4. 3.9 4. 29.3 281.9 291.6 Other 6.7 618.8 631.3 431.3 431.3 447.2 2.4 27.4 43.2 63. 649.7 663. 43.3 43.2 41.2 779.7 89.3 834.8 Ending Stocks (Jun-May) 17.9 26.6 23.4 1. 1.2 1. 42. 43.4 21.1 Other 148.3 17.1 13.4 9.7 94.2 93.2 14.8 13.8 18.9 166.2 196.7 176.7 91.7 9.3 94.8 147.3 147.2 13. TY Imports (Jun-May) 3.4 3.2 3..7.7.7.3.2.4 Other 136.9 128.4 119.4 26.1 27.8 27.6 82.1 89.7 89. 14.3 131.6 122.3 26.8 28. 28.3 82. 89.9 89.9 TY Exports (Jun-May) 27.1 24.2 34. 3. 3. 3.6 47.8 49.9. Other 116.1 11.1 91.1 26.3 26.4 26.7 36.2 42.8 42. 143.2 134.3 12.1 29.2 29.9 3.3 84. 92.7 92. Note: Consumption in this table has not been adjusted for differences in marketing year imports and exports and therefore differs from global totals shown elsewhere. Marketing years for U.S. grains are: Wheat (Jun-May), Rice (Aug-Jul), Corn (Sep-Aug). 'Marketing Year' column is germane for U.S. wheat only.

WHEAT: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE U.S. Weekly FOB Export Bids 4 41 37 33 29 $/MT 2 21 17 HRS SRW SWW HRW PRICES: Domestic prices: Prices of all wheat classes surged the last few days of November and into December on concerns over excessive rain and its impact on crop quality in eastern Australia. Hard Red Spring (HRS) jumped $24/ton to $438/ton and Hard Red Winter (HRW) rose $13/ton to $324/ton. Soft White Wheat (SWW) was up $/ton to $3/ton and Soft Red Winter (SRW) climbed $23/ton to $323/ton. TRADE CHANGES IN Selected Exporters Australia is lowered 1. million tons to 14. million due to crop quality concerns and logistical constraints. is down, tons to 17. million on reduced quality as more of the larger crop is expected to be used domestically for feeding. is halved to 1. million tons on expectations that the government will not reinstate the VAT rebate for exports. Grain: World Markets and Trade, 4

Iran is doubled to 1. million tons because of a strong export pace. Serbia is raised 3, tons to, on the pace of shipments to the EU. Selected Importers Brazil is down 3, tons to 6.2 million with larger domestic supplies. is reduced, tons to. million on the slow pace of import licenses. Iran is lowered by, tons to 3, due to reported import restrictions. Grain: World Markets and Trade,

World Wheat, Flour, and Products Trade July/June Year, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Exports 8, 8,,172 8,621 1,228 12,231 Argentina 14, 1, 13,744 13,4 7,449 11,241 Australia 17, 17, 18,974 18,674 16,61 19,278 1, 2, 892 723 2,83 2,783 22, 22, 22,117 2,319 12,272 13,813 1, 1 6 3 Iran 6, 6, 7,871,71 8,181 8,89 Kazakhstan 4, 4, 18,6 18,393 12,22 1,79 Russia 3, 3, 4,274 2,342 1,763 2, Turkey 6, 6, 9,337 13,37 1,236 3,366 Ukraine 8,7 8,27 9,72 9,78 9,363 6,92 91,7 92,77 11,19 116,1 82,143 9,761 34, 34, 24,17 27,11 34,282 24,873 12,7 126,77 134,284 143,21 116,42 11,634 TY Imports 2,3 2,3 2, 3,8 2,3 1,4 Afghanistan,3,3,167 6,3,94 4,874 Algeria 2, 2, 3,331 2,882 1, 1,731 Bangladesh 6, 6, 6,667 6,762 7,76 7,743 Brazil 9,8 9,8 1,3 9,9 7,7 7,3 Egypt,,,48 7,737 6,933,233,3,,364,419,227,61 Indonesia 3,6 3,6 3,97 3,879 3,429 2,892 Iraq 1, 1, 1,862 2,64 1,187 1,494 Israel,,,2,16,71,747 Japan 3,6 3,6 4,47 3,371 3,92 3,439 Korea, South 1,8 1,9 2,91 1,689 1,74 994 Libya 3,3 3,3 3,196 3,342 3,136 3,67 Mexico 3,6 3,6 2,34 3,79 4,192 1,82 Morocco 4, 4, 4,79 3, 2,633 3,26 Nigeria 1,6 1,6 1,73 1,38 1,444 1,367 Peru 2,8 2,8 3,18 3,21 2,266 2,74 Philippines 2, 2, 164 23 44 928 Russia 2, 2, 1,91 1,4 7 1 Saudi Arabia 1,6 1, 1,38 1,472 1,333 88 South Africa 1,6 1,6 1,92 1,712 1,6 1,323 Sudan 1, 1, 1,886 1,7 Syria 1,8 1,8 1,34 1,768 2,372 1,43 Tunisia 2, 2, 3,192 3,78 2,192 1,778 Turkey 2,3 2,3 2,62 2,919 2, 2,44 Yemen 36,66 37,43 42,739 47,88 3,86 39,12 119,36 121,13 128,39 136,883 11,822 19,839 2,747 2,622 2,79 2,919 2,61 2,438 Unaccounted 2,9 2,9 3,18 3,399 2,92 3,37 12,7 126,77 134,284 143,21 116,42 11,634 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

World Wheat Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec Production 13, 13, 1, 1,1 18,6 16,3 Argentina 2, 24, 21,923 21,42 13,69 1,822 Australia,,1,26,88 3,82 2,234 Brazil 23,167 22, 26,848 28,611 2,4 2,26 114, 114, 11,12 112,464 19,298 18,466 8,6 8,6 8,23 7,977 8,27 8,274 Egypt 136,228 136,28 138,1 11,122 12,133 124,87 8,71 8,71 8,68 78,7 7,81 69,3 India 14,4 14,4 12, 1, 1, 14, Iran 11, 11, 17, 12, 16,4 13,4 Kazakhstan 23,9 22,6 24,33 2,99 23,29 21,277 Pakistan 41, 42, 61,7 63,7 49,4 44,9 Russia 17, 17, 18,4 16,8 1, 17, Turkey 17, 17, 2,9 2,9 13,9 14, Ukraine 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,,8 Uzbekistan 47,2 47,37 4,789 43,198 46, 49,83 86,41 82,788 621,743 61,21,364 46,888 6,13 6,13 6,366 68,16,821 49,217 646,13 642,891 682,19 683,267 611,18 96,1 Total Consumption 8,7 8,7 8, 8,3 8, 7,8 Algeria 7,97 6,97 6,72 6,8 6, 7,6 Australia 1,8 1,8 11, 1,7 1,3 1,3 Brazil 8,7 7,7 6,9 8,36 6,787 8,986 18,8 17,8 17, 1, 16, 12, 18,4 18,4 17,9 17, 1,8 1,3 Egypt 123, 123, 124, 127, 116,36 12, 82,43 82,43 78,21 7,924 76,423 73,477 India 16, 16,4 16,1 1,8 1, 1,3 Iran 8,3 8,3 8, 7,4 7,22 7, Morocco 24, 24, 23, 22,8 22,4 21,7 Pakistan 47, 48, 42, 38,9 37,6 36,4 Russia 17, 17, 17,1 16,9 16,8 16,6 Turkey 11,6 11,6 12,3 11,9 12,3 11,7 Ukraine 7,4 7,4 7,3 7, 6,8 6, Uzbekistan 129,48 13,83 131,886 12,424 119,9 12,889 634,19 633,24 62,683 67,461 88,143 8,169 32,278 32, 3,932 34,293 28,614 3,94 666,468 66,79 61,61 641,74 616,77 616,19 Ending Stocks 6,731 6,111 4,16 3,88 3,61 3,93 Australia,637,17 7,82 6,47 4,46 6,86 6,14 6,14 4,314 4,692 38,97 38,48,722,722,732 4,818 4,2 4,142 Egypt 11,611 1,64 1,883 18,969 12,429 14,171 14,47 14,47 16,1 13,43,8 4, India 4,49 3,749 3,849 2,713 3,74 4,33 Syria 4,133 43,3 62,323 2,61 43,264 41,78 13,372 149,42 17,127 148,318 116,349 117,83 23,32 23,8 26,2 17,867 8,323 12,414 176,724 172, 196,679 166,18 124,672 13,244

Regional Wheat Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Imports North America 7,279 6,47 7,128 6,779 6,6 6,6 Central America 1,82 1,46 1,489 1,464 1,2 1,2 South America 13,8 13,19 13,161 13,118 13,1 12,79 European Union,233 6,933 7,737,48,, Other Europe 1,48 1,932 1,67 1,698 1,7 1,7 Former Soviet Union - 12,986 6,1 6,2,41 7,37 7,32 Middle East 12,89 11,997 28,46 22,489 17,62 17,12 North Africa 16,4 21,742 23,466 21,396 22,4 22,3 Sub-Saharan Africa 11,431 1,269 13,724 1,761 14,26 14,26 East Asia 11,894 11,277 11,322 13,744 12, 12, South Asia 1,949 8,21 1,747 7,86 6,1 6,31 Southeast Asia 12,377 11,483 12,233 13,89 12,72 12,2 2,636 2,777 2,638 2,7 2,7 2,7 Total 113,196 113,774 14,282 131,7 124,8 122,31 Production North America 77,722 79,468 1,627 91,14 86,23 87,17 South America 21,222 2,43 19,616 2,34 22,297 22,647 European Union 124,87 12,133 11,122 138,1 136,28 136,228 Other Europe 4,313 4,4 4,712 4,69 3,8 3,8 Former Soviet Union - 12 84,94 92,447 11,43 113,839 83,3 82,63 Middle East 41,96 4,13 32,34 37,287 38,14 38,14 North Africa 18,76 13,948 14,32 2,231 17, 17, Sub-Saharan Africa,724,47 6,13 6,1,9,83 East Asia 19,669 11,9 113,776 116,281 11,82 11,82 South Asia 9,881 1,7 13,298 111,233 19,43 11,73 Oceania 11,99 13,846 21,697 22, 24,277 2,777 16 143 171 17 176 176 Total 96,1 611,18 683,267 682,19 642,891 646,13 Domestic Consumption North America 46,126 4,91 48,329 44,87 46, 47,278 South America 24,193 24,372 24,28 24,973 24,83 2,1 European Union 12, 116,36 127, 124, 123, 123, Other Europe,22,47,4,434,6,3 Former Soviet Union - 12 72,1 74,86 76,316 8,2 84,97 84,3 Middle East 1,33,947 2,489 3,67 4,2 4,2 North Africa 34,1 3,674 37,464 39,1 4,4 4,17 Sub-Saharan Africa 16,742 1,678 18,337 2,74 19,873 19,798 East Asia 113,938 117,6 117,438 119,82 12,1 121,1 South Asia 1,66 19,488 14,4 114,132 118,31 118,19 Southeast Asia 11,719 11,9 12,4 13,37 12,66 12,46 Oceania 8,3 7,388 7,72 7,63 7,8 8,8 3,267 3,4 3,33 3,333 3,4 3,4 Total 618,292 613,28 63,27 649,699 662,693 663,46 Ending Stocks North America 19,69 13,18 24,729 3,144 28,772 29,711 South America 3,62 4,69 3,14 4,131 4,9 3,988 European Union 14,171 12,429 18,969 1,883 1,64 11,611 Other Europe 1,772 1,876 2,28 2,246 1,426 1,626 Former Soviet Union - 12 11,11 12,923 2,813 23,87 11,767 11,992 Middle East 12,13 1,7 12,93 1,227 12,11 12,11 North Africa 9,764 9,482 9,497 11,833 1,932 11,323 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,387 1,28 1,886 2,921 2,21 2,448 East Asia 4,846 41,788 48,276 7,337 62,622 62,622 South Asia 8,37 9,727 16,91 21,8 18,1 19,23 Southeast Asia 2,844 2,837 2,738 3,19 2,9 2,9 Oceania 4,224 3,912 3,8 4,297 6,24 6,874 292 26 27 298 279 279 Total 13,244 124,672 166,18 196,679 172, 176,724 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

RICE: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE BATTLING FOR MARKET SHARE IN THE MIDDLE EAST Most rice is traded regionally due to logistics and consumer preferences. The major exception is the Middle East, with its central location, limited ability to produce, consumers with relatively high incomes, and demand for several types of high-quality rice. Suppliers from all corners of the globe vie for market share. For example, U.S. sales to Turkey ballooned in 21 when Egypt implemented export restrictions. Vietnam grabbed much of the Iraq business from higher-priced and Thailand in 9 and early 21 only to give it back when Vietnam faced tight supplies and rising prices later in the year. Uruguay s relatively low prices in 9 enabled a percent increase in shipments to the region, only to have sales plummet when tight supplies pushed prices above the competition in 21. Pakistan s emergence as a low-cost exporter has heightened competition with India for the basmati market despite erratic supplies and occasional quality issues. Overall, demand in the region has been fairly steady; it is the suppliers that vary. SELECTED TRADE CHANGE Vietnam s 21 exports are raised 3, tons to 6. million on large, late-season sales. Grain: World Markets and Trade, 9

World Rice Trade January/December Year, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Exports Argentina 436 48 94 6 6 Australia 19 48 17 4 32 32 Brazil 21 11 91 4 7 7 Burma 31 41 1,2 4 Cambodia 4 8 8 8 8 1,34 969 783 6 9 9 Egypt 1,29 7 7 6 3 3 139 17 1 23 18 18 Guyana 21 21 22 24 2 2 India 6,31 3,383 2,123 2, 2, 2, Japan Pakistan 2,696 3, 3,187 3,8 2,6 2,6 Thailand 9,7 1,11 8,7 8, 9,7 9,7 Uruguay 734 742 926 7 8 8 Vietnam 4,22 4,649,9 6,,8,8 632 41 18 97 6 6 28,848 26,3 26,261 26,37 26,73 26,73 3,3 3,219 2,983 3,2 3, 3, 31,81 29,749 29,244 29,882 3,28 3,28 TY Imports Bangladesh 1,7 1,68 1 7 4 4 Brazil 684 417 6 8 6 6 341 36 322 33 33 33 472 29 337 3 33 33 Cote d'ivoire 98 8 8 86 9 9 Cuba 74 8 47 2 2 1,342 1,2 1,383 1, 1,3 1,3 Hong Kong 348 399 39 4 41 41 Indonesia 2, 3 2 8 6 6 Iran 1, 1, 1,47 1,1 1, 1, Iraq 613 97 1,89 1,1 1,1 1,1 Japan 642 46 7 7 7 7 Malaysia 799 1,39 1,7 1,2 1,2 1,2 Mexico 67 78 61 6 6 6 Mozambique 41 3 38 32 4 4 Nigeria 1, 1,8 2, 1,7 1,9 1,9 Philippines 1,9 2, 2, 2,6 2, 2, Saudi Arabia 961 1,166 1,9 1,1 1,3 1,3 Senegal 7 86 71 7 7 7 South Africa 96 6 74 8 8 8 Syria 23 23 3 3 3 3 Thailand 3 8 3 3 3 3 United Arab Emirates 28 3 38 4 4 4 Vietnam 4 3 4 Yemen 338 31 32 32 33 33 8,43 8,363 7,671 8,317 8,34 8,33 28,699 27,892 26,149 27,822 27,64 27,63 Unaccounted 2,47 1,26 2,413 1,41 1,97 1,98 69 61 682 6 66 66 31,81 29,749 29,244 29,882 3,28 3,28 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes. Note about dates: is calendar year 211, 9/1 is calendar year 21, and so on.

World Rice Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec Milled Production 32,3 32,3 31, 31, 28,8 29, Bangladesh 8,4 8,4 7,67 8,7 8,199 7,69 Brazil 1, 1, 1,97 1,1 1,73 1,6 Burma 4,8 4,8 4,78 4,2 4,238 3,946 Cambodia 139,3 136, 136,7 134,33 13,224 127, 3,88 3,9 4,16 4,42 4,38 4,383 Egypt 9, 97, 89,13 99,18 96,69 93,3 India 38, 38, 37,1 38,3 37, 3,3 Indonesia 7,8 7,8 7,711 8,29 7,93 7,786 Japan 4,3 4,3 4,916 4,843 4,48 4,68 Korea, South 3,6 3,6 3,4 3, 3, 2,9 Nigeria,,1 6,8 6,9,7,4 Pakistan 1, 1, 9,772 1,7 1,479 9,77 Philippines 2,3 2,3 2,26 19,8 19,8 18,2 Thailand 24,82 24,7 24,689 24,393 24,37 22,922 Vietnam 36,79 36,693 3,769 33,32 31,38 3,972 44,17 444,43 434,311 441,747 427,496 414,29 7,397 7,397 6,917 6,4 6,149 6,88 42,414 41,44 441,228 448,147 433,64 42,297 Consumption and Residual 32,7 32,7 31,6 31, 3,747 29,764 Bangladesh 8, 8, 8, 8,3 8,24 7,92 Brazil 1,1 1,1 9,9 9,648 1,249 1,67 Burma 3,97 3,97 3,96 3,77 3,788 3,646 Cambodia 136, 13, 134,32 133, 127,4 127, 3,6 3,8 3,76 4, 3,34 3,276 Egypt 9, 96, 8,43 91,9 9,466 86,7 India 38, 38, 37,8 37,9 36,3 3,9 Indonesia 3,3 3,3 3,3 3,32 3,297 3,294 Iran 8,12 8,12 8, 8,326 8,177 8,2 Japan 4,8 4,8 4,7 4,788 4,67 4,887 Korea, South,,,,1 4, 4,4 Nigeria 13, 13, 13,3 13,1 13,499 12, Philippines 1, 1, 1, 9, 9,6 9,78 Thailand 19, 19,3 19,1 19, 19,4 18,77 Vietnam 3,26 3,297 1,87,18 48,8 47,64 448,968 448,4 433,734 433,121 424,4 417,346 4,2 4,2 3,861 3,964 3,919 3,99 42,97 42,47 437,9 437,8 427,973 421,3 Ending Stocks 43,79 41,279 4,849 38,899 38,1 3,91 18, 19, 2, 19, 13, 11,43 India 7,27 7,27 7,17 7,7,67 4,67 Indonesia 2,91 2,91 2,726 2,71 2,6 2,46 Japan 2,34 2,34 3,34 4,673 4,418 4,868 Philippines 7,447 7,447 6,647 4,787 2,77 2,1 Thailand 1,42 1,711 1,4 1,961 2,18 1,392 Vietnam 1,736 1,71 11,38 11,631 11,382 1,87 93,23 92,741 94,162 9,723 79,73 73,71 1,2 1,2 1,14 96 918 1,234 94,76 94,266 9,316 91,683 8,621 74,949 Note: All data are reported on a milled basis.

Regional Rice Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Imports North America 1,643 1,94 1,614 1,8 1,64 1,64 Caribbean 96 1,28 866 93 94 94 South America 1,86 1,1 1,113 1,41 1,2 1,2 Other Europe 137 98 126 12 12 12 Former Soviet Union - 12 368 361 412 372 34 34 Middle East 4,778,646,28,,66,66 North Africa 3 27 1 34 4 4 Sub-Saharan Africa 7,844 7,9 7,98 7,62 8,2 8,2 East Asia 2,318 1,612 1,874 1,88 1,94 1,94 South Asia 1,946 2,197 17 1,12 69 69 Southeast Asia,749 4,64 4,28,1 4,89 4,89 2,2 2,428 2,19 2,7 2,11 2,11 Total 29,394 28,43 26,831 28,472 28,3 28,3 Production North America 6,266 6,327 6,6 7,9 7,7 7,7 Caribbean 798 796 882 984 1,1 1,1 South America 14,22 1,461 16,214 1,84 1,92 1,974 European Union 1,676 1,77 1,62 1,99 2,6 2,2 Former Soviet Union - 12 1, 1, 91 1,9 1, 1, Middle East 2,282 2,41 2,8 2,473 2,8 2,8 North Africa 4,413 4,46 4,423 4,19 3,94 3,628 Sub-Saharan Africa 9,397 9,8 1,988 11,99 12,432 12,432 East Asia 142,661 14,44 1,87 12,218 11,38 14,268 South Asia 133,111 136,7 142,432 132,731 14,169 138,69 Southeast Asia 13,778 19,723 111,26 11,61 112,41 112,471 69 66 68 789 1,2 1,2 Total 42,297 433,64 448,147 441,228 41,44 42,414 Domestic Consumption North America,88,7,4 4,999,162,162 Central America 1,118 1,14 1,12 1,134 1,148 1,16 Caribbean 1,829 1,931 1,791 1,874 1,98 1,98 South America 13,43 14,98 14,61 14,84 14,873 14,93 European Union 2,911 3,18 2,92 3, 3, 3, Former Soviet Union - 12 1,349 1,319 1,23 1,316 1,37 1,37 Middle East 7,38 7,48 7,832 7,889 8,2 8,2 North Africa 3,46 3,636 4,133 4,12 4,19 3,94 Sub-Saharan Africa 17,116 17,6 18,387 19,89 2,633 2,633 East Asia 144,289 143,31 149,71 1,712 11,41 12,84 South Asia 124,366 129,767 131,416 126,18 137,84 136,84 Southeast Asia 94,993 97,134 96,64 99,7 1,1 1,71 714 664 21 94 61 61 Total 418,8 426,214 43,299 43,21 4,794 41,212 Ending Stocks North America 1,377 1,111 1,126 1,32 1,681 1,681 Central America 272 26 216 21 23 Caribbean 178 134 19 129 146 146 South America 2,116 2,81 2,431 1,882 1,41 1,666 European Union 1,138 1,126 1,2 1,29 1,144 1,169 Middle East 1,719 2,44 1,771 1,837 1,812 1,812 North Africa 37 68 7 292 192 13 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,21 1,341 97 96 989 989 East Asia 39,317 41,37 42,832 4,363 4,84 47,63 South Asia 12,636 14,36 21,393 22,483 2,777 19,677 Southeast Asia 14,426 1,78 19,119 19,627 19,718 19,427 Oceania 23 2 26 44 86 86 149 19 124 124 139 139 Total 74,949 8,621 91,683 9,316 94,266 94,76 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

OVERVIEW COARSE GRAINS: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE Global corn imports are forecast down fractionally on reduced imports by Mexico. Brazilian and Serbian exports are lowered, offset partially by higher shipments expected from and India with larger crops. PRICES: Domestic: Through November, U.S. corn export prices dropped $2/ton to $237/ton, then recovered $1/ton due to strong domestic use for feed and fuel and ongoing concerns over increasing dryness in Argentina. Argentine and Brazilian prices generally mirrored U.S. prices. TRADE CHANGES IN Selected Exporters $/MT 27 2 22 17 1 Corn Weekly Export Bids U.S. Gulf Argentina Up River Brazil Paranagua Brazilian corn is cut 1. million tons to 8. million on indications of declining old-crop supplies. Canadian corn is raised, tons to, tons because of a record crop. (Imports are cut a like amount). Indian corn is boosted, tons to 2. million on a larger crop estimate and indications of good sales as international prices far exceed domestic prices. Serbian corn is cut 8, tons to 1.7 million (still a record). Logistics are expected to constrain exports, despite weak domestic demand and huge stocks. Australian barley is raised 3, tons to 4.3 million on sharply higher production. Canadian barley is cut 4, tons to 1. million, the lowest in 8 years, on a smaller crop. Grain: World Markets and Trade, 13

Selected Importers Mexican corn is lowered 1. million tons to 8.1 million on indications of lower feed grain demand for this year and last year. Mexican sorghum is lowered 1, tons to 2.6 million for the same reason. EU sorghum is raised 1, tons to 4, based on U.S. sales data and import licenses. TRADE CHANGES IN 9/1 Selected Exporters Large Late-Season Adjustments Reflect Reported Shipments: Indian corn raised, tons to 1. million Mexican corn up, tons to 6, Selected Importers Large Late-Season Adjustments Reflect Reported Shipments: Algerian corn boosted, tons to 2.6 million Canadian corn cut 239, tons to 2. million Egyptian corn raised 3, tons to.8 million Venezuelan corn up, tons to 2.2 million Grain: World Markets and Trade, 14

World Coarse Grain Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Exports 17,2 17,2 18,832 1,241 17,786 17,191 Argentina,26 4,96 4,438 4,873 3,89 1,99 Australia 8,3 9,3 8,63 7,187 8,32 8,188 Brazil 2,92 3,12 3,68 3,82 6,379 3,787 6, 6, 4,38 4,338 4,679,463 2,6 2,1 1,72 2,642,39 721 India 1,3 1,3 1,393 1,864 1,473 1,981 Paraguay 1,71 2,1 1,38 1,478 132 863 Serbia 2,4 2,4 1,626 2,19 1,14 462 South Africa 9,6 9,6 1,914 11,38,99 3,942 Ukraine,37,42 8,374 9,86,81 1,964 62,61 63,86 64,761 9,1 6,,7 4,2 4,2 4,164 1,8 68,289 9,17 116,86 118,11 118,92 11,68 128,839 114,714 TY Imports 2,4 2,3 2,6 2,67 2,433 2,88 Algeria 1,4 1,4 1,2 1,497 1,28 1,472 Brazil 1,66 1,86 2,11 1,9 3,187 2,28 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,27 1,969 1,766 Chile 3,7 3,7 3,777 1,61 1,17 1,16 4,6 4,6 4,6 3,483 3,63 3,714 Colombia 1, 1, 1, 973 1,74 1,212 Dominican Republic,43,43,8,93 4,182 4,84 Egypt,6 4,96 3,4 2,996 19,892 8,738 3,6 3,6,, 3,9 3,6 Iran 1,73 1,71 1,49 1,29 1,776 1,684 Israel 19,17 19,17 19,198 19,611 19,21 19,668 Japan 9,3 9,3 8,496 7,248 9,38 8,797 Korea, South 2,8 2,8 2,8 2,447 3,181 2,363 Malaysia 1,8 11,9 1,976 1,46 11,11 11,4 Mexico 2,3 2,3 2,99 1,838 2,18 2,1 Morocco 1,74 1,74 1,64 1,398 1,92 1,646 Peru 1,9 1,9 1 9 24 33 Russia 8,8 8,8 9,4 9,286 9,968 7,78 Saudi Arabia 2,3 2,3 2,3 2,834 2,61 2,79 Syria 4,8 4,8 4,7 4,68 4,684 4,43 Taiwan 1,1 1,1 97 87 1,183 1,19 Tunisia 86 86 76 687 1,367 1,139 Turkey 1,4 1,4 2, 1,34 1,13 34 Venezuela 1,3 1,3 1,6 1,2 7 6 Vietnam 12,991 12,991 14,68 14,37 13,74 13,7 112,26 113,11 113,49 1,69 126,798 11,734 2,79 2,934 3,191 2,242-1,69 1,37 Unaccounted 2,7 2,7 2,27 2,87 3,61 2,6 116,86 118,11 118,92 11,68 128,839 114,714 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

World Coarse Grains Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec Production 31,79 31,79 27,731 19,134 27,118 27,94 Argentina 13,97 11,17 11,96 12,272 12,89 6,83 Australia 3,729 3,729 8,66 3,624 61,344 3,184 Brazil 22,6 21,96 22,477 27,184 27,841 23,14 174,2 174,2 164,6 172,41 18,863 19,119 8,92 8,92 8,46 9,34 8,32 7,928 Ethiopia 139,43 138,848 14,11 161,21 136,123 137,421 41,6 4,3 34,16 39, 4,63 33,81 India 8,4 8,4 7, 8,7 8, 7,8 Indonesia 32,29 32,29 27,272 32,22 3,77 29,181 Mexico 28,1 28,1 27,99 26,67 24, 26, Nigeria 17, 17,3 31,81 4,7 29,32 3, Russia 12,993 13,3 13,881 13,84 13,69 7,76 South Africa 1,49 1,49 11,9 1,41 9,48 1,896 Turkey 21,81 21,71 24,12 26,22 14,8 19,17 Ukraine 14,48 14,88 13,21 13,767 126,61 127,94 76,18 72,81 78,679 783,37 729,883 77,291 332,39 332,39 349,217 32,867 349,861 279,998 1,88,7 1,8, 1,17,896 1,19,44 1,79,744 987,289 Domestic Consumption 11,34 11,234 1,414 8,763 9,67 9,694 Argentina 1,34 1,34,4 48,29 4,279 43,34 Brazil 22,642 22,2 22,24 22,868 24,23 24,2 17,3 17,3 167,3 16,1 16,783 13,496 13,68 13,68 13,6 12,162 11,477 11,8 Egypt 11,1 11,2 149,68 11,4 14,1 147,877 38,7 37,8 32,4 36, 3, 32,2 India 19,37 19,37 19,39 19,96 19,46 19,823 Japan 41,69 42,69 4,9 42,6 4,23 39,92 Mexico 28,1 28,1 27,7 26, 24, 2,7 Nigeria 2,1 2,4 3,69 32,9 28,77 28,4 Russia 9,62 9,62 9,2 9,3 9,4 8,66 Saudi Arabia 11,273 1,973 1,988 1,468 1,143 9,13 South Africa 1,9 1,9 1,8 1,6 1,6 11,61 Turkey 12,76 12,96 12,81 13,69 11,93 13,1 Ukraine 24,224 23,49 19,71 19,12 19,41 18,12 82,892 819,843 87,89 83,77 782,69 769,3 34,39 34,148 29,628 27,978 274,33 242,798 1,124,931 1,123,991 1,13,217 1,79,68 1,6,62 1,12,31 Ending Stocks 3,124 2,1 2,744 3,291 2,674 1,213 Australia 9,889 9,889 13,89 12,412 12,86 3,772 Brazil 3,813 3,83,6 6,3 4,1 3,1 6,944 6,944 4,419 4,144 4,44 38,2 12,166 1,739 2,218 2,694 12,768 1,138 3,321 3,671 1,937,239 4,74 3,26 Mexico 4,64,343,33 4,327 3,266 1,776 South Africa 39,267 38,679 41,713 4,36 38,48 37,72 137,169 13,646 1,1 146,493 118,77 14,18 24,77 24,8 48,127 47,6 4,9 36,174 161,876 16,226 198,232 193,3 163,834 14,692

Regional Coarse Grains Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Imports North America 1,93 17,88 1,172 1,262 1,89 14,9 Central America 2,96 2,681 2,491 2,7 2,77 2,77 Caribbean 2,227 2,239 2,11 2,1 2, 2, South America 1,181 1,672 9,991 11,49 1,73 1,73 European Union 8,738 19,892 2,996 3,4 4,96,6 Former Soviet Union - 12 92 1,37 99 44 2,23 2,23 Middle East 18,73 21,884 21,37 21,414 19, 19,2 North Africa 11,671 1,763 1,97 12,74 11,73 11,83 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,2 2,84 3,69 3,119 2,1 2,1 East Asia 34,13 34,662 33,349 36,31 36,31 36,31 Southeast Asia 4,394 4,746,4 6,26,93,93 1, 1,22 73 789 746 746 Total 113,339 13,48 18,416 11,734 11,176 114,11 Production North America 332,324 48,279 38,33 398,966 386,884 386,984 South America 92,197 1,741 84,61 97,896 97,323 96,973 European Union 137,421 136,123 161,21 14,11 138,848 139,43 Other Europe 11,68 9,37 12,37 11,8 12,31 12,31 Former Soviet Union - 12 8,683 4,12 78,7 67,941 48,96 48,66 Middle East 19,86 17,68 1,9 18,7 19,677 19,677 North Africa 11,211 9,894 1,219 1,423 12,932 12,932 Sub-Saharan Africa 87,26 9,87 9,69 9,361 1,681 1,671 East Asia 161,42 161,3 174,79 16,93 176,14 176,14 South Asia 4,139 47,3 4,688 4,68 46,83 47,883 Southeast Asia 24,271 26,882 27,71 2,98 28,44 28,44 Oceania 7,23 13,42 12,919 11,743 12,164 14,4 3,979 4,4 4,291 4,12 4,32 4,32 Total 987,289 1,79,744 1,19,44 1,17,896 1,8, 1,88,7 Domestic Consumption North America 37,22 338,791 34,96 38,768 369,368 368,376 South America 71,46 74,696 76,298 8,6 82,783 82,483 European Union 147,877 14,1 11,4 149,68 11,2 11,1 Other Europe 11,32 1,423 1,89 1,726 1,731 1,331 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,17,12 8,36 4,97 43,68 43,18 Middle East 37,684 38,289 37,92 37,887 39,23 39,48 North Africa 22,13 21,147 21,192 24,912 2,9 2,79 Sub-Saharan Africa 88,327 88,121 9,624 94,69 99,113 99,413 East Asia 188,986 191,632 194,849 21,71 2,769 2,769 South Asia 38,847 42,18 42,672 38,938 44,213 4,113 Southeast Asia 27,142 29,476 3,281 3,94 32,49 32,49 Oceania 6,88 7,666 7,897 7,27 7,87 8,87 9,1 9,314 8,93 8,963 9,213 9,213 Total 1,7,627 1,6,33 1,76,96 1,99,8 1,12,883 1,121,16 Ending Stocks North America 43,21 3,89 8,649,714 32,81 31,841 South America 9,6 19,628 16,1 17,24 14,199 14,124 European Union 1,138 12,768 2,694 2,218 1,739 12,166 Other Europe 1,23 1,34 1,2 1,638 1,821 2,378 Former Soviet Union - 12,179 4,48 8,618 6,991 4,173 4,419 Middle East 8,41 7,686 7,66 8,463 7,92 7,92 North Africa 3,19 2,462 2,762,8 4,18 4,2 Sub-Saharan Africa,96 7,9 9,16 1,319 11, 1,37 East Asia 41,82 44,97 7,883 8,21 64,624 64,622 South Asia 1,69 1,749 2,16 1,86 2,136 1,991 Southeast Asia 2,778 3,47 4,447 3,463 3,463 3,463 Oceania 1,31 2,737 3,342 2,797 2,66 3,179 98 1,62 836 86 99 99 Total 14,692 163,834 193,3 198,232 16,226 161,876 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

World Corn Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Exports Argentina 1,693 1,676 8,48 16,771 1, 1, Brazil 8,71 7,883 7,178 8,623 9, 8, 322 944 366 184 3 664 91 1,743 1, 1, 1, India 82,77 2,1 1, 2, 2, Paraguay 1,981 1,461 1,862 1,388 1,3 1,3 Serbia 84 128 1,467 1,343 2, 1,7 South Africa 431 1,124 2,111 1,86 2, 2, Thailand 442 646 786 1, 7 7 Ukraine 1,27 2,74,497,72,, 7,193 1,998 4,176 3,843 3,3 3,3 37,26 37,62 36,19 42,81 43,1 42, 4,214 6,663 47,78 49,887,, 91,474 98,26 83,93 92,697 93,1 92, TY Imports Algeria 2,463 2,166 1,93 2,6 2,3 2,4 Brazil 1,24 961 1,92 8 1, 1, 2,226 3,117 1,844 1,961 1,8 1,6 Chile 1,8 1,628 779 7 7 7 16 41 47 1,296 1, 1, Colombia 3,386 3,267 3,68 3,6 3,6 3,6 Cuba 646 811 78 7 8 8 Dominican Republic 1,212 1,74 973 1, 1, 1, Egypt 4,826 4,11,31,8,4,4 7,6 14,16 2,743 2,9 4, 4, Indonesia 1,69 294 317 1, 8 8 Iran 3,3 2,9 3,6 4, 3, 3, Israel 1,311 1,374 846 1, 1,3 1,3 Japan 16,713 16,614 16,33 1,979 16,1 16,1 Korea, South 8,731 9,311 7,188 8,461 9, 9, Malaysia 2,363 3,181 2,447 2,8 2,8 2,8 Mexico 8,944 9,6 7,764 8,298 9,1 8,1 Morocco 1,683 1,88 1,66 1,7 1,8 1,8 Peru 1,28 1,469 1,37 1, 1,6 1,6 Russia 18 341 1 1, 1, Saudi Arabia 1,77 1,961 1,482 1,7 1,8 1,8 Syria 1,729 1,661 1,784 2, 2, 2, Taiwan 4,283 4,27 4,32 4,6 4,7 4,7 Venezuela 34 1,13 1,336 2, 1,4 1,4 Vietnam 6 7 1,2 1,6 1,3 1,3 11,18 11,13 11,93 1,872 1,49 1,49 9,174 99,9 82,121 89,667 9,64 89,4 Unaccounted 981-1,831 1,49 2,793 2,2 2,1 319 1 337 237 2 3 91,474 98,26 83,93 92,697 93,1 92, TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes. The large, negative Unaccounted in 7/8 arises largely from timing differences between declared exports and Japan's and Korea's declared imports.

World Corn Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec Production 2, 2, 22, 1, 22,17 22, Argentina 1, 1, 6,1 1, 8,6 1, Brazil 11,714 11, 9,61 1,92 11,649 8,99 168, 168, 18, 16,9 12,3 11,6 7, 7, 6,822 6,64 6,174 6,149 Egypt,193 4,843 7,147 62,321 47, 3,829 21, 2, 16,68 19,73 18,96 1,1 India 8,4 8,4 7, 8,7 8, 7,8 Indonesia 24, 24, 2,374 24,226 23,6 22,3 Mexico 8,7 8,7 8,79 7,97 6, 7,8 Nigeria 6,8 6,8 6,231 6,83 7,277 6,231 Philippines 6,8 6,8 6,4 6,13 4,4 6,41 Serbia 12, 12, 13,42 12,67 13,164 7,3 South Africa 12, 11, 1, 11,4 7,4 6,4 Ukraine,,,28 4,432 4,6 4,21 Vietnam 78,84 78,49 74,618 77,161 7,88 68,183 2,191,2 479,392 49,627 462,438 44,948 318,22 318,22 333,11 37,142 331,177 267,3 82,713 818,24 812,43 797,769 793,61 713,41 Total Consumption 7,3 7, 6,9 6,4 7, 6,7 Argentina 48,3 48,3 47, 4, 42, 41, Brazil 12,8 12, 11,63 11,663 13,769 11,442 162, 162, 19, 12, 149, 14, 12,6 12,6 12, 11,1 1,4 1,7 Egypt 8, 8, 6, 61,6 64, 62,3 18,3 17,8 1, 17, 14, 13,9 India 9, 9, 9, 8,9 8, 8,1 Indonesia 16,1 16,1 16, 16,7 16,6 16, Japan 9,1 9,1 8,412 7,894 8,638 8,833 Korea, South 31,1 32,1 3, 32,4 32, 3,7 Mexico 8,8 8,8 8,6 7,9 6, 7,6 Nigeria 6,9 6,9 6, 7,3 7,1 6, Philippines 1,7 1,4 1,4 9,9 9,6 8,6 South Africa 6,6 6,6 6,3,4, 4,9 Vietnam 124,898 12,23 119,717 118,767 11,3 11,83 46,34 4,76 3,67 22,2 1,73 497,32 291,66 291,66 281,891 29,272 261,632 23,674 837,91 837,312 812,498 781,797 772,367 727,976 Ending Stocks 9,84 9,84 12,884 12,84 12,79 3,92 Brazil 1,772 1,78 1,78 1,87 1,47 1,337 6,114 6,114 3,314 3,169 39,394 36,62 4,823 3,82 4,63 6,83 4,362 7,382 2,81 2,99 1,381 3,9 4,131 3,84 Mexico 1,721 1,164 1,21 664 684 8 Serbia 4,483,163,18 4,113 3,9 1,661 South Africa 23,78 23,68 23,674 23,26 24,36 22,442 18,88 18,12 13,82 14,78 9,62 76,9 21,139 21,12 43,374 42,4 41,2 33,114 129,997 129,164 147,194 147,289 131,317 11,69

Regional Corn Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Imports North America 11,489 13,174 9,94 1,496 11,1 1, Central America 2,96 2,678 2,491 2,7 2,77 2,77 South America 9,141 9,49 8,48 9,79 9,6 9,6 European Union 7,6 14,16 2,743 2,9 4, 4, Former Soviet Union - 12 1 61 393 23 1,18 1,18 Middle East 1,24 1,116 9,462 1,8 1,42 1,42 North Africa 1,136 9,94 9,74 11,3 1,72 1,82 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,921 1,969 2,94 2,237 1,48 1,48 East Asia 29,84 3,746 28,481 3,466 3,98 3,98 Southeast Asia 4,38 4,71,391 6,2,93,93 Caribbean 2,227 2,239 2,11 2,1 2, 2, 632 739 37 48 48 48 Total 9,493 1,96 82,48 89,94 9,89 89,89 Production North America 298,843 366,426 341,96 362,946 34,22 34,736 South America 83,33 9,887 7,69 88,164 86,3 8,9 European Union 3,829 47, 62,321 7,147 4,843,193 Other Europe 9,3 7,239 9,96 9,68 1,23 1,23 Former Soviet Union - 12 12,871 13,893 21,672 17,84 18,6 18,4 Middle East,663,22 6,248 6,229 6,44 6,44 North Africa 6,31 6,376 6,847 7,24 7,22 7,22 Sub-Saharan Africa 41,27 46,771 48,911 2,26 4,12 4,12 East Asia 13,43 14,9 167,66 19,4 169,69 169,69 South Asia 2,234 24,9 24,78 21,8 2,7 26,7 Central America 2,89 3,28 3,222 3,41 3,188 3,188 Southeast Asia 24, 26,69 27,48 2,673 28,2 28,2 1, 1,2 1,183 1,179 1,179 1,179 Total 713,41 793,61 797,769 812,43 818,24 82,713 Domestic Consumption North America 272,816 37,41 33,33 323,721 336,26 33,6 South America 63,147 66,412 67,4 7,2 72,6 72,3 European Union 62,3 64, 61,6 6, 8, 8, Other Europe 8,99 7,766 8,31 8,29 8,46 8,6 Former Soviet Union - 12 12,144 12,97 14,7 12,76 13,67 13,832 Middle East 14,64 1,8 1,8 16,32 17,1 17,1 North Africa 16, 1,7 16,12 18, 18,12 18,32 Sub-Saharan Africa 42, 43,4 48,298,177 2,146 2,446 East Asia 176,719 18,3 183,1 189,42 193,7 193,7 South Asia 19,29 19,31 22, 2,37 22,92 23,42 Southeast Asia 26,922 29,249 3,43 3,72 32,27 32,27 Central America,8,9,8,8,9,9 3,19 3,46 3,23 3,22 3,33 3,33 Total 724,32 772,242 779,696 89,2 83,29 834,84 Ending Stocks North America 37,3 46,843 47,92 46,13 2,729 2,492 South America 8,47 18, 14,728 16,22 12,967 12,892 European Union 7,382 4,362 6,83 4,63 3,82 4,823 Other Europe 1,16 1,26 1,184 1,36 1,24 2,81 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,727 1,136 1,82 1,293 1,33 1,76 Middle East 3,618 3,168 3,13 3,79 2,998 2,998 North Africa 1,99 1,62 2,221 2,32 2,47 2,4 Sub-Saharan Africa 4,39,918 7,397 9,186 9,777 9,97 East Asia 39,74 43,373 6,283 6,461 63,216 63,19 South Asia 1,2 1,276 1,437 1,222 1,392 1,47 Southeast Asia 2,776 3,47 4,446 3,462 3,462 3,462 Central America 684 76 613 89 87 87 326 323 26 299 333 333 Total 11,69 131,317 147,289 147,194 129,164 129,997 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

World Barley Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Exports Algeria 9 9 49 871 937 37 Argentina 4,3 4, 3,867 3,278 3,377 1,927 Australia 1, 1,4 1,23 1,618 2,947 1,337 2 2 2 17 81 49 4 3 3 Croatia 7 67 1 Egypt 4,6 4,6 2, 2,374 3,888 4,366 1 1 1 37 371 131 India 34 314 86 66 Kazakhstan 2 2 2 26 9 34 Moldova 2 2 2,86 3,98 1,277 1,691 Russia 1 1 1 11 4 9 Serbia 4 4 8 3 34 Turkey 4, 4,,72,871 3,814 2,911 Ukraine 1 11 112 166 1,87 1,97 17,341 18,4 17,693 14,113 11 18 91 28 16,7 16,17 17,492 18,198 18,94 14,641 TY Imports 4 4 4 43 28 267 Brazil 2, 2, 2,341 1,1 1,91 1,127 2 2 2 211 26 243 Colombia 1 1 1 17 19 167 4 4 8 1,4 1, 3 Iran 3 3 367 21 224 Israel 1,3 1,3 1,411 1,346 1,361 1,39 Japan 4 4 4 24 36 84 Jordan 2 22 24 217 Kuwait 3 3 7 296 166 8 Libya 2 263 313 462 Morocco 6 6 39 179 229 Russia 7, 7, 7,7 7,8 8, 6, Saudi Arabia 3 3 3 1, 9 3 Syria 4 4 27 229 378 866 Tunisia 1,22 1,22 1,12 1,463 2,27 1,433 1,2 1,2 17,114 17,369 17,16 14,16 3 3 76 27 366 181 Unaccounted 3 32 72 712 34 16,7 16,17 17,492 18,198 18,94 14,641 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

World Barley Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec Production 1, 1, 2,4 6 9 7 Algeria 1,87 1,87 1,36 2,11 1,6 1,33 Argentina 9,8 7,9 7,99 7,997 7,16 4,27 Australia 1,4 1,4 1,6 2, 1,7 1,3 Belarus 7,6 8,2 9,17 11,781 1,984 9,73 2,4 2,4 2, 2,823 2,78 3,11 1,4 1,4 1,69 1,484 1,3 1,32 Ethiopia 3,298 3,438 61,98 6,9 7,4 6,22 1,3 1,3 1,69 1, 1,33 1,22 India 3,1 3,1 2,6 2, 3, 2,96 Iran 2,6 2,6 3,8 1,272 763 2,3 Morocco 8,3 8, 17,9 23,1 1,6 18,1 Russia 1,67 1,67 8 26 78 7 Syria,9,9 6,,7 6, 7, Turkey 8,7 9, 11,8 12,6 6, 11,3 Ukraine 9,69 9,64 1,71 9,12 1,777 1,21 12,417 119,837 144,736 1,18 128,384 132,473 3,92 3,92 4,949,23 4,7 3,923 124,342 123,762 149,68 1,338 132,99 136,396 Total Consumption 1,4 1,4 1,3 1,1 1,1 9 Algeria, 4,4 4, 4, 3,1 4, Australia 1, 1, 1,7 2, 1,7 1,6 Belarus 7,8 8, 8,4 9,6 7,916 1,19 4,6 4,6 4, 4, 3,9 4, 9, 9, 6, 7, 4,,7 3,4 3,4 3,4 3,9 3,6 3,4 Iran 1, 1, 1,6 1, 1,6 1,6 Japan 1,42 1,42 1,9 1,6 1,7 1,3 Kazakhstan 3, 3, 2,8 1,7 1,8 2, Morocco 9,8 1, 16,8 17,1 1, 16,4 Russia 7,2 7,2 7,2 7,42 7,43 6,81 Saudi Arabia 1,4 1,4 1, 1,8 1, 1,1 Syria,8,8,9,7 6,1 7,3 Turkey,,,7,9, 6,3 Ukraine 1,38 1,63 1,77 14,44 14,73 14,79 134,723 134,889 139,8 139,3 129,718 138,638 4,73 4,682 4,64,127 4,324 4,96 139,296 139,71 143,684 144,482 134,42 143,234 Ending Stocks 1,284 1,284 1,284 184 333 462 Algeria 2,299 1,77 1,899 2,42 1,662 988 Australia 1,438 1,483 2,83 2,843 1,68 1,491 4,711 4,366 1,363 1,916,7,824 964 964 1,364 114 214 93 Morocco 2,3 2,3 2,78 2,23 2,428 2,48 Saudi Arabia 943 943 418 468 28 323 Syria 6,43 6,42 8,962 9,88 6,46 7,243 2,14 19,32 34,41 29,33 18,624 19,692 1,867 1,867 2,1 1,932 1,48 1, 22,12 21,187 36,966 3,96 2,19 21,192

Regional Barley Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Imports North America 476 933 737 381 4 3 South America 723 71 89 88 8 8 European Union 167 19 17 1 1 1 Other Europe 22 27 84 148 12 12 Former Soviet Union - 12 429 379 24 21 7 7 Middle East 8,278 11,8 11,791 1, 9, 9, North Africa 1,21 1,12 973 1,19 97 97 Sub-Saharan Africa 1 14 12 11 8 8 East Asia 2,9 2, 3, 3,82 3,4 3,4 South Asia 3 48 3 3 3 Oceania Total 14,46 18,228 17,941 17,416 1,82 1,72 Production North America 14,36 16,212 17,822 14,966 12,96 12,311 South America 2,32 2,726 3,14 2,444 2,98 2,98 European Union 6,22 7,4 6,9 61,98 3,438 3,298 Other Europe 1,48 1,412 1,613 1,44 1,4 1,4 Former Soviet Union - 12 33,911 27,177 41,32 3,66 21,681 21,16 Middle East 12,479 1,926 8,443 1,48 11,9 11,9 North Africa 3,83 2,493 2,347 7,314 4,64 4,64 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,738 1,733 1,826 1,9 1,78 1,77 East Asia 3,49 3,24 3,3 2,939 2,84 2,84 South Asia 1,742 1,93 1,67 2,297 1,832 1,832 Oceania 4,67 7,6 8,397 8,39 8,3 1, Total 136,396 132,99 1,338 149,68 123,762 124,342 Domestic Consumption North America 1,661 13,4 1,42 13,88 13,432 13,123 South America 2,347 2,627 2,788 3,38 2,86 2,86 European Union,7 4, 7, 6, 9, 9, Other Europe 1,738 1,64 1,7 1,61 1,49 1,49 Former Soviet Union - 12 26,82 24,87 28,489 27,747 2,1 19,476 Middle East 21,439 2,841 2,89 2,14 2,49 2,49 North Africa 4,92 4,32 3,987,67 6,3 6,3 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,79 1,789 1,9 2,4 1,86 1,86 East Asia 6,211,84 6,19 6,4 6,3 6,3 South Asia 1,742 1,6 1,437 2,87 1,812 1,812 Oceania 4,4 3, 4,4 4,9 4,8,4 Total 142,8 134,323 143,87 144,6 139,14 138,861 Ending Stocks North America 3,28 3,281,112,23 3,68 3,23 South America 42 47 626 42 49 49 European Union,824,7 1,916 1,363 4,366 4,711 Other Europe 321 279 282 238 23 23 Former Soviet Union - 12 2,686 2,491,42 4,123 2,13 2,13 Middle East 4,88 4,41 4,46 4,824 4,829 4,829 North Africa 1,6 818 11 3,166 2,426 2,426 Sub-Saharan Africa 174 214 24 224 224 214 East Asia 92 77 949 1,26 994 1, South Asia 7 4 78 168 118 118 Oceania 1,46 1,698 2,461 1,93 1,811 2,33 Total 21,192 2,19 3,96 36,966 21,187 22,12 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

World Sorghum Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Exports Argentina 99 1,172 97 1,7 1,3 1,3 Australia 2 34 1,36 3 8 8 Brazil 11 116 2 2 2 144 223 32 41 India 8 91 4 7 Nigeria South Africa 31 21 48 4 4 4 72 162 4 1,44 2,17 2,496 2,138 2,36 2,36 4,38 6,664 3,98 4,84 4, 4,,784 8,839 6,94 6,222 6,36 6,36 TY Imports Chile 189 268 44 Colombia 67 66 22 Ethiopia 3 14 1 1 1 1,474,267 66 2 3 4 Israel 78 144 71 39 7 Japan 1,276 1,84 1,629 1,649 1,6 1,6 Mexico 1,94 1,16 2,496 2,28 2,7 2,6 Niger Sudan 3 3 3 4 3 3 Taiwan 64 83 72 7 7 7 217 611 27 469 24 24,669 9,9,687 6,13 6,16 6,19 Unaccounted 113-221 44 87 17 2 1 3,784 8,839 6,94 6,222 6,36 6,36 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

World Sorghum Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec Production 3,8 3,8 3,629 1,66 2,937 2,79 Argentina 1,9 1,9 1,6 2,69 3,79 1,283 Australia 2, 2, 1,82 1,91 2, 1, Brazil 1,6 1,6 1,22 1,87 1,7 1,16 Burkina 1,7 1,7 1,6 1,837 1,92 2,183 9 9 9 9 9 9 Egypt 2,6 2,6 2,84 2,619 2,69 2,316 Ethiopia 617 62 61 17 2 42 7, 7, 6,98 7,2 7,93 7,1 India 92 92 98 93 91 77 Mali 7,1 7,1 6,2 7,67 6,,81 Mexico 9 9 739 1,214 93 8 Niger 11,7 11,7 11, 11, 1, 1, Nigeria 4, 4, 2,63 4,192 4,, Sudan 8 8 71 7 9 8 Tanzania 6,632 6,632 6,171 6,36 6,21 6,398 4,974 4,977 49,78 2,717 3,89,13 8,76 8,76 9,728 11,998 12,636 7,32 63, 63,3 9,13 64,71 66,44 7,4 Total Consumption 2,4 2,4 2, 1,1 1, 1,7 Argentina 1,2 1,2 1, 1,8 2,2 1,2 Australia 1,9 1,9 1,9 1,9 1,8 1,37 Brazil 1,6 1,6 1,22 1,87 1,7 1,16 Burkina 1,7 1,7 1,9 2, 2, 2, 9 9 9 9 9 9 Egypt 2,6 2,6 2,4 2,7 2,6 2,3 Ethiopia 1, 9 63 9 6,3 1,28 7, 7, 6,9 7, 7,9 7,1 India 1,6 1,6 1,6 1,6 1,1 1,3 Japan 92 92 98 93 91 77 Mali 9,6 9,6 9,7 8,6 7, 8,1 Mexico 9 9 8 1, 1, 82 Niger 11,6 11,6 11,4 1,9 9,9 1,4 Nigeria 4, 4, 3,4 4,,, Sudan 8,466 8,441 8,93 8,7 8,17 7,878 8,74 8,64,91 6,162 9,794 4,423 4,73 4,73,849 8,319,81 4,12 63,313 63,213 61,764 64,481 64,87 8,43 Ending Stocks 323 323 223 194 746 231 Argentina 616 616 671 676 791 16 Australia 217 217 137 232 22 124 Brazil 173 173 248 46 637 928 14 486 414 1,336 373 217 Mexico Nigeria 34 34 39 684 697 997 Sudan 1,21 1,93 868 1,21 1,131 1,38 3,368 3,412 3,7 4,979 4,79 3,71 987 987 1,48 1,39 1,34 814 4,3 4,399 4,118 6,369 6,13 4,6

Regional Sorghum Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Imports North America 1,96 1,17 2,499 2,28 2,7 2,6 South America 284 432 66 79 78 78 European Union 1,474,267 66 2 3 4 Other Europe 142 2 2 2 Middle East 79 16 81 44 8 North Africa 11 4 14 3 3 Sub-Saharan Africa 17 663 97 747 6 6 East Asia 1,349 1,196 1,719 1,812 1,7 1,7 Southeast Asia 9 31 14 1 3 4 Total,671 9,6,69 6,13 6,16 6,19 Production North America 12,842 18,836 19,6 1,978 1,676 1,676 Central America 323 396 298 326 329 329 Caribbean 128 128 128 128 128 128 South America,117,661 4,62 6,124 6,732 6,732 European Union 42 2 17 61 62 617 Middle East 78 836 612 66 68 68 North Africa 91 91 91 91 91 91 Sub-Saharan Africa 26,88 2,28 26,3 24,37 27,93 27,93 East Asia 2,191 1,94 1,87 1,67 1,72 1,72 South Asia 7,3 8,81 7,39 7,12 7,64 7,64 Southeast Asia 3 7 6 6 6 6 Oceania 1,283 3,79 2,69 1,6 1,9 1,9 Total 7,4 66,44 64,71 9,13 63,3 63, Domestic Consumption North America 12,112 12,281 16,919 1,49 14,173 14,173 Central America 323 37 31 32 32 32 Caribbean 128 128 128 128 128 128 South America 4,19 4,218 4,791,87,967,967 European Union 1,28 6,3 9 63 9 1, Middle East 834 94 724 714 72 7 North Africa 91 924 96 1,12 99 99 Sub-Saharan Africa 26,6 2,96 26,941 2,614 27,421 27,421 East Asia 3,47 3,222 3,699 3,6 3,4 3,4 South Asia 7,28 8,3 7,349 7,4 7,64 7,64 Southeast Asia 7 61 68 4 4 4 Oceania 1,2 2,2 1,8 1, 1,2 1,2 142 2 2 2 Total 7,811 64,824 64,69 61,329 62,999 63,124 Ending Stocks North America 1,31 1,713 2,726 1,462 1,473 1,1 Central America 17 39 21 22 26 26 South America 444 1,43 3 422 632 632 European Union 14 71 34 18 28 2 Middle East 32 78 47 42 7 7 North Africa 39 41 29 39 44 44 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,681 1,443 1,41 886 1,31 1,23 East Asia 1,42 733 78 369 29 294 South Asia 247 183 181 186 196 136 Oceania 16 791 676 671 616 616 2 1 1 1 1 Total 4,6 6,13 6,369 4,118 4,399 4,3 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

World Oats Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Exports Argentina 2 1 Australia 41 174 161 211 1 1 Brazil 2 4 9 1,921 2,321 1,792 1,39 1,3 1,3 Chile 41 17 31 4 2 2 119 133 13 22 3 3 Russia 4 7 2 16 33 6 2,146 2,69 2,19 2,3 1,79 1,79 33 3 38 38 4 4 2,179 2,743 2,147 2,73 1,84 1,84 TY Imports Argentina 1 1 2 Bosnia and Herzegovina 4 3 2 18 17 14 21 1 1 9 13 39 7 Colombia 18 14 2 1 1 1 Ecuador 14 1 14 1 1 1 2 4 Japan 62 68 46 6 6 6 Mexico 61 131 82 1 1 1 Morocco Norway 9 47 8 3 1 1 South Africa 13 18 33 2 2 2 Switzerland 1 6 2 Turkey 12 11 6 Uruguay 11 18 12 3 3 413 323 389 36 36 Unaccounted 3 86 37 73 8 8 1,794 2,244 1,787 1,611 1,4 1,4 2,179 2,743 2,147 2,73 1,84 1,84 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

World Oats Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec Production 14 14 14 8 8 8 Algeria 3 3 182 291 472 4 Argentina 1,7 1,26 1,18 1,16 1,2 748 Australia 7 7 8 6 6 Belarus 47 47 47 47 47 47 Brazil 2,298 2,3 2,96 4,273 4,696 3,82 36 36 381 344 384 38 Chile 42 42 41 3 3 4 7,98 7,624 8, 8,93 8,634 7,768 16 16 16 16 16 14 Kazakhstan 148 148 148 148 124 12 Mexico 24 24 24 328 276 248 Norway 3, 3,,4,8,4 4,9 Russia 21 21 21 21 Turkey 6 73 9 7 Ukraine 47 47 47 47 47 483 19,329 18,967 22,347 24,1 24,36 21,486 1,178 1,178 1,31 1,294 1,313 1,37 2,7 2,14 23,698 2,79 2,673 22,843 Total Consumption 14 14 14 8 86 88 Algeria 3 3 3 4 4 Argentina 1, 1,1 97 1,3 1,33 71 Australia 7 7 8 6 7 Belarus 47 47 47 4 47 47 Brazil 1,67 1,67 1,73 1,766 1,93 2,28 32 32 3 32 3 3 Chile 4 4 4 3 37 42 7,7 7,8 8,1 8, 8,6 7,647 16 16 1 16 1 13 Kazakhstan 24 24 2 21 23 24 Mexico 2 2 28 32 34 33 Norway 3,7 3,7,6,,3 4,9 Russia 21 21 21 21 21 21 Turkey 6 72 92 67 Ukraine 643 643 638 613 631 61 19,188 18,988 21,137 21,368 21,96 19,962 2,989 2,989 3,11 2,968 3,161 3,179 22,177 21,977 24,148 24,336 2,126 23,141 Ending Stocks 191 142 141 147 183 197 Australia 7 7 7 7 7 Belarus 8 1 1,17 1,27 9 6 13 13 83 66 77 89 76 646 1,13 972 62 79 171 171 376 81 283 186 Russia 72 72 77 77 8 78 Ukraine 23 22 198 223 21 198 2,79 1,921 3,273 3,668 2,461 2,149 69 69 1,166 1,221 969 734 2,769 2,611 4,439 4,889 3,43 2,883

Regional Oats Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Imports North America 1,873 2,392 1,883 1,732 1,1 1,1 South America 33 3 32 3 3 3 European Union 2 4 Other Europe 114 18 62 8 6 6 Former Soviet Union - 12 6 7 Middle East 12 11 6 North Africa 14 6 Sub-Saharan Africa 13 18 33 2 2 2 East Asia 71 81 8 113 11 11 Oceania 3 2 Total 2,144 2,67 2,11 2, 1,76 1,76 Production North America,361 6,133,71 4,4 3,626 3,624 South America 1,33 1,34 1,133 1,79 1,226 1,226 European Union 7,768 8,634 8,93 8, 7,624 7,98 Other Europe 2 3 6 22 22 22 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,296 6,71 7,1 7,9 4,96 4,86 Middle East 21 21 21 21 North Africa 11 11 11 17 17 17 Sub-Saharan Africa 4 4 4 4 4 4 East Asia 42 32 32 412 422 422 Oceania 823 1,77 1,23 1,2 1,33 1,82 Total 22,843 2,673 2,79 23,698 2,14 2,7 Domestic Consumption North America,74,331 4,944,14 4,99 4,99 South America 1,33 1,326 1,121 1,91 1,216 1,216 European Union 7,647 8,6 8, 8,1 7,8 7,7 Other Europe 63 68 647 617 87 87 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,266 6,8 7,19 7,28,16,6 Middle East 21 21 21 21 21 21 North Africa 123 121 11 17 17 17 Sub-Saharan Africa 6 7 7 7 7 East Asia 49 44 4 1 1 Oceania 78 1,41 1,11 1, 1,17 1,62 Total 23,223 24,88 24,317 24,122 21,872 22,72 Ending Stocks North America 1,298 1,927 2,7 2,341 1,28 1,26 South America 113 128 126 1 1 1 European Union 79 62 972 1,13 646 76 Other Europe 4 34 3 43 43 43 Former Soviet Union - 12 326 42 742 42 332 332 Middle East 3 6 2 2 2 2 North Africa 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sub-Saharan Africa 12 2 23 23 23 23 East Asia 93 81 68 88 19 11 Oceania 197 183 147 141 142 191 Total 2,883 3,43 4,889 4,439 2,611 2,769 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

World Rye Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Exports Belarus 7 2 2 27 167 76 142 12 12 313 9 114 1 1 1 Ukraine 6 8 1 1 64 89 14 1 634 39 26 437 7 7 2 8 6 4 636 398 266 441 8 8 TY Imports Croatia 2 2 2 1 1 1 36 88 8 1 1 1 Israel 71 7 11 1 1 1 Japan 28 83 7 13 6 6 Korea, South 8 6 7 Norway 22 11 11 1 1 1 Russia 16 3 3 Switzerland 4 4 4 Turkey 18 14 6 3 43 21 19 14 411 411 Unaccounted 6 31 49 162 44 44 136 12 18 12 12 12 636 398 266 441 8 8 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

World Rye Production, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec Production 1, 1, 1,7 1, 1,3 1, Belarus 216 28 316 22 383 7,747 7,733 9,388 9,262 7,679 6,41 Kazakhstan 2, 2,1 4,3 4, 3,9 3, Russia 27 27 27 2 26 271 Turkey 9 1, 6 Ukraine 172 172 182 23 217 174 12,1 12,22 17,12 17,131 14,213 12,219 189 189 178 23 16 183 12,344 12,414 17,298 17,334 14,373 12,42 Total Consumption 4 4 77 Argentina 1,1 1,1 1,6 1,4 1, 1, Belarus 13 13 14 12 143 243 8,7 8,7 8,9 8,7 7,3 7,4 6 6 9 6 9 28 Japan 2 47 Kazakhstan 37 37 42 9 61 42 Norway 2,4 2, 4,32 4,4 3,7 2,9 Russia 27 27 27 27 27 28 Turkey 7 7 7 8 8 Ukraine 121 121 121 12 121 17 13,88 13,98 16,477 16,191 13,673 13,87 298 298 273 292 33 337 14,16 14,26 16,7 16,483 14,8 13,924 Ending Stocks 168 168 318 268 218 193 Belarus 9 79 139 123 3 117 676 722 1,769 1,42 1,13 616 18 1 18 13 2 Japan 162 162 262 297 213 182 Russia 16 16 16 16 33 3 Turkey 78 78 43 39 6 6 Ukraine 1 1 1 1 1 1 1,214 1,236 2,976 2,439 1,91 1,224 24 24 24 13 1 12 1,238 1,26 3, 2,42 1,61 1,236

Regional Rye Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 6/7 7/8 8/9 9/1 Nov Dec TY Imports North America 136 12 18 12 12 12 South America European Union 36 88 8 1 1 1 Other Europe 28 17 18 21 16 16 Former Soviet Union - 12 16 2 3 3 Middle East 89 21 17 1 1 1 Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia 266 89 64 18 7 7 Oceania Total 71 367 217 279 36 36 Production North America 66 412 19 48 389 4 South America 61 83 61 61 1 1 European Union 6,41 7,679 9,262 9,388 7,733 7,747 Other Europe 9 111 119 98 98 98 Former Soviet Union - 12 4,8,8 7,1 7, 3,8 3,7 Middle East 271 26 2 27 27 27 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3 3 East Asia Oceania 2 2 2 2 2 2 Total 12,42 14,373 17,334 17,298 12,414 12,344 Domestic Consumption North America 8 478 444 413 433 433 South America 61 83 61 61 1 1 European Union 7,4 7,3 8,7 8,9 8,7 8,7 Other Europe 19 14 137 119 114 114 Former Soviet Union - 12,,47 6,62 6,72 4,4 4,3 Middle East 36 282 286 28 28 28 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3 3 East Asia 266 96 72 9 7 7 Oceania 2 2 2 2 2 2 Total 13,79 13,949 16,42 16,671 14,126 14,26 Ending Stocks North America 129 4 136 163 13 119 South America European Union 616 1,13 1,42 1,769 722 676 Other Europe 1 1 1 1 1 1 Former Soviet Union - 12 44 496 874 1,33 48 48 Middle East 3 33 16 16 16 16 Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia 2 13 18 1 18 Oceania Total 1,236 1,61 2,42 3, 1,26 1,238 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.