Expansion of Automobile Safety and Mobility Services at TRC Inc. Joshua L. Every Taylor Manahan

Expansion of Automobile Safety and Mobility Services at TRC Inc. Joshua L. Every Taylor Manahan

Overview This presentation is designed to function like an automated vehicle in many ways: Run smoothly Transition you from one place to the other (Beginning to End) May suddenly update route and change direction without any of your input To help you become accustomed to this not too distant future, the overview is as follows: A. Overview Slide B. Applause

What s TRC?

A SMART Ecosystem for Connected & Automated Vehicles TRCSMARTCENTER SMARTMOBILITYCORRIDOR

HAVs in the Media All Headlines between 7/11/17-7/18/17

7/14/17 The first truly hands-off, self-driving cars will be here within five years. Fully autonomous cars without steering wheels or gas and brake pedals may be 10 years away. That s the consensus among automakers. By some definitions, several automakers have cars on the roadtodaythat meet a limited definition of autonomous driving. https://www.extremetech.com/extreme/252112-what-is-a-self-driving-car

7/17/17 Today our lane lines are only four inches thick. Now every lane line we lie down going forward is going to be six inches thick. I ve already started to see some of this transition. -Caltrans director Malcolm Dougherty Another roadway modification concerns the rounded Botts Dots that mark lane divisions and make cars go bump when they re driven over. http://www.siliconbeat.com/2017/07/17/california-begins-modifying-roads-for-self-driving-cars/

7/11/17 Audi claims the A8 is the first production car to reach Level 3 autonomy Audi says the A8 is capable of drivingall by itselfat speeds of up to 37 mph. There are a couple caveats, obviously. The traffic jam pilot only works on highways with a physical barrier separating oncoming traffic https://www.theverge.com/2017/7/11/15952510/audi-a8-level-3-autonomous-driving-self-parking

7/13/17 [Max Fuller, executive chairman of U.S. Xpress, Inc.] anticipates Level 4 autonomous capability in three to four years. https://www.trucks.com/2017/07/13/self-driving-trucks-3-4-years/

7/12/17 According to [Baidu CEO Li Yanhong], about 500 people in China die in traffic accidents every day, and such tragedies can be prevented with the adaption of self-driving cars. "When self-driving cars become common, lives will be saved. It's of great economic and social significance," http://en.people.cn/n3/2017/0712/c90000-9240826.html

7/14/17 It's called The25th Hourproject an allusion to the 50 minutes or so the average driver spends behind the wheel, and the "extra" hour they could gain without having to drive. http://mashable.com/2017/07/13/audi-robot-car-downtime/#mh3.foyaisqg

7/18/17 The House and Senate are expected to introduce complimentary bills as soon as Tuesday meant to reduce confusion between the states and federal government when it comes to regulating self-driving cars. http://www.washingtonexaminer.com/congress-plans-to-step-in-to-end-confusion-over-self-driving-cars/article/2628917

HAVs in the Media What is special about this week? Nothing

Levels of Automation Most of industry is converging around the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) levels of automation NHTSA began using these level in the Federal Automated Vehicles Policy (September 2016) Level of automation largely is concerned with how the driver interacts with the system, and the distribution of responsibilities.

Level 2 Comparison 2017 Tesla Model S -Enhanced Autopilot -Full Self-Driving Capability MSRP $78,500 https://www.tesla.com/models/design 2017 Honda Civic -Honda Sensing MSRP $20,540 https://automobiles.honda.com/civicsedan#build-price-app

Level 2 Comparison 2017 Tesla Model S Advanced Cruise Control Lane Centering Automatic Lane Change Automatically Exits the Freeway Automated Parking with or without driver in the vehicle. 2017 Honda Civic Advanced Cruise Control (ACC) Lane Centering This comparison only considers control of certain degrees of freedom, ignoring types of actions and control authority.

Essence of automation Scenarios Automation Actions In testing driving automation systems, we create environments to understand how a vehicle will respond to various situations.

What s in the box? Automation

Technological Convergence Early stage technologies often have a large amount of diversity. As methods are defined and winners are established, convergence occurs. Automation algorithms utilize a wide variety of approaches. This doesn t mean that the tech. isn t safe, but does imply that substantial discovery and refinement is still possible.

What does it all mean? Actions

Classification of Actions Once you have seen how a system responds to a certain situation, how do you know if that action was safe? http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-4363524/uber-s-self-driving-car-not-blame-arizona-crash.html

Where in the World? Scenarios

How do you define a scenario? Scenario = Environment + Traffic Environment The roadway and all other static objects in the defined space (pavement and furniture) Traffic Dynamic objects in the environment Other vehicles, pedestrians, animals, bouncing sports balls, anything else you can imagine

Central Question What features are desired for testing Highly Automated Vehicles (HAVs)?

Central Question - Revised What features are necessary for testing Highly Automated Vehicles (HAVs)?

Stakeholder Survey In order to answer this question TRC conducted a large user survey Participants from government and industry Questions were asked based on what test scenarios were desired Resulted in a very large amount of data This information was initially reduced by identifying the course features necessary for each test scenario

Features Necessary

Sorted by Environment

Main Environments with Features

Main Environments

Can we really test everything? https://www.theguardian.com/technology/video/2017/mar/16/google-waymo-self-driving-car-video-woman-bird

1/27/17 Ohio s Transportation Research Center (TRC) is getting a new 540- acre facility specifically for testing and researching smart mobility solutions https://techcrunch.com/2017/01/27/ohios-transportation-research-center-gets-45m-to-expand-smart-mobility-testing/

Current Test Track Capabilities Current Longitudinal Safety Technologies Forward Collision Warning Automatic Emergency Braking Lateral Safety Technologies Lane Departure Warning Lane Keeping Support

SMART Center @ TRC Smart Mobility Advanced Research & Test Center The world s largest SMART center contained within an independent proving ground

N The SMART Center

N Urban Network 2017 - Construction start 2018 - Completion The SMART Center

TRC Research Tests for HAVs are complex and rarely standard. Specialized tools are necessary to create appropriate scenarios. Engineering support is critical to enable testing on this facility.

Recent ADAS/HAV Capability Growth NHTSA Spec. SSV Allows for testing of constant speed, accelerating and decelerating lead vehicle scenarios. Representative of small hatchback from rear only.

Recent ADAS/HAV Capability Growth Dynamic Research, Inc. Soft Car 360 Stationary foam car. Can be struck safely by test vehicles Representative of a small hatchback from all angles

Impact of HAVs Safety 95% of all collisions could be prevented Based on data from NHTSA s National Motor Vehicle Crash Causation Survey Economy $242 billion spent in 2010 on motor vehicle accidents Efficiency Reduce the 6.9 billion hours spent in traffic Mobility Bring mobility options to the millions that currently have none https://www.nhtsa.gov/technology-innovation/automated-vehicles

TRC Tomorrow

Closing Comments This technology has captured the public s attention with the promise of greatly improving their quality of life If done correctly we have the ability to keep that promise

Closing Comments We are genuinely excited to be involved in the deployment of this technology When your ready, we look forward to seeing you on the track.

Better Vehicles. Better Drivers. Better Roads.