Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB4793.1-2007 www.chinesestandard.net Sales@ChineseStandard.net ICS 19.080; 71.040.10 L 09 National Standard GB of the People s Republic of China GB 4793.1-2007 / IEC 61010-1:2001 Replacing GB 4793.1-1995 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use - Part 1: General requirements (IEC 61010-1:2001, IDT) 测量 控制和实验室用电气设备的安全要求第 1 部分 : 通用要求 Issued on: June 7, 2007 Implemented on: September 1, 2007 Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine; Standardization Administration Committee. www.chinesestandard.net Page 1 of 136
Table of Contents Foreword... 9 Introduction... 12 1 Scope and object... 13 1.1 Scope... 13 1.1.1 Equipment included in scope... 13 1.1.2 Equipment excluded from scope... 13 1.1.3 Computing equipment... 14 1.2 Object... 14 1.2.1 Aspects included in scope... 14 1.2.2 Aspects excluded from scope... 14 1.3 Verification... 15 1.4 Environmental conditions... 15 1.4.1 Normal environmental conditions... 15 1.4.2 Extended environmental conditions... 15 2 Normative references... 16 3 Terms and definitions... 17 3.1 Equipment and states of equipment... 17 3.2 Parts and accessories... 18 3.3 Electrical quantities... 19 3.4 Tests... 19 3.5 Safety terms... 20 3.6 Insulation... 22 4 Tests... 23 4.1 General... 23 4.2 Sequence of tests... 24 4.3 Reference test conditions... 24 4.3.1 Environmental conditions... 24 www.chinesestandard.net Page 2 of 136
4.3.2 State of equipment... 24 4.4 Testing in SINGLE FAULT CONDITION... 26 4.4.1 General... 26 4.4.2 Application of fault conditions... 27 4.4.3 Duration of tests... 30 4.4.4 Conformity after application of fault conditions... 30 5 Marking and documentation... 31 5.1 Marking... 31 5.1.1 General... 31 5.1.2 Identification... 32 5.1.3 MAINS supply... 32 5.1.4 Fuses... 34 5.1.5 TERMINALS, connections and operating devices... 35 5.1.6 Switches and circuit-breakers... 36 5.1.7 Equipment protected by DOUBLE INSULATION or REINFORCED INSULATION. 37 5.1.8 Field-wiring TERMINAL boxes... 37 5.2 Warning markings... 37 5.3 Durability of markings... 38 5.4 Documentation... 38 5.4.1 General... 38 5.4.2 Equipment RATINGS... 39 5.4.3 Equipment installation... 39 5.4.4 Equipment operation... 40 5.4.5 Equipment maintenance... 41 6 Protection against electric shock... 41 6.1 General... 41 6.1.1 Requirements... 41 6.1.2 Exceptions... 41 www.chinesestandard.net Page 3 of 136
6.2 Determination of ACCESSIBLE parts... 42 6.2.1 Examination... 42 6.2.2 Openings above parts that are HAZARDOUS LIVE... 43 6.2.3 Openings for pre-set controls... 43 6.3 Permissible limits for ACCESSIBLE parts... 43 6.3.1 Values in NORMAL CONDITION... 43 6.3.2 Values in SINGLE FAULT CONDITION... 44 6.4 Protection in NORMAL CONDITION... 46 6.5 Protection in SINGLE FAULT CONDITION... 47 6.5.1 PROTECTIVE BONDING... 47 6.5.2 DOUBLEIN SULATION and REINFORCED INSULATION... 52 6.5.3 PROTECTIVE IMPEDANCE... 52 6.5.4 Automatic disconnection of the supply... 52 6.6 Connections to external circuits... 53 6.6.1 General... 53 6.6.2 TERMINALS for external circuits... 54 6.6.3 Circuits with TERMINALS which are HAZARDOUS LIVE... 54 6.6.4 ACCESSIBLE TERMINALS for stranded conductors... 54 6.7 CLEARANCES and CREEPAGE DISTANCES... 55 6.7.1 General requirements... 55 6.7.2 MAINS CIRCUITS... 57 6.7.3 Circuits other than MAINS CIRCUITS... 57 6.7.4 Measuring circuits... 62 6.8 Procedure for dielectric strength tests... 64 6.8.1 Reference test earth... 64 6.8.2 Humidity preconditioning... 64 6.8.3 Conduct of tests... 65 6.8.4 Voltage tests... 65 www.chinesestandard.net Page 4 of 136
6.9 Constructional requirements for protection against electric shock... 67 6.9.1 General... 67 6.9.2 ENCLOSURES of equipment with DOUBLE INSULATION of REINFORCED INSULATION... 68 6.9.3 Over-range indication... 68 6.10 Connection to MAINS supply source and connections between parts of equipment69 6.10.1 MAINS supply cords... 69 6.10.2 Fitting of non-detachable MAINS supply cords... 70 6.10.3 Plugs and connectors... 72 6.11 Disconnection from supply source... 72 6.11.1 General... 72 6.11.2 Requirements according to type of equipment... 73 6.11.3 Disconnecting devices... 74 7 Protection against mechanical HAZARDS... 75 7.1 General... 75 7.2 Moving parts... 75 7.3 Stability... 75 7.4 Provisions for lifting and carrying... 76 8 Mechanical resistance to shock and impact... 77 8.1 ENCLOSURE rigidity test... 78 8.1.1 Static test... 78 8.1.2 Dynamic test... 78 8.2 Drop test... 80 8.2.1 Equipment other than HAND-HELD EQUIPMENT and direct plug-in equipment... 80 8.2.2 HAND-HELDEQ UIPMENT and direct plug-in equipment... 80 9 Protection against the spread of fire... 81 9.1 Eliminating or reducing the sources of ignition within the equipment... 82 9.2 Containment of fire within the equipment, should it occur... 83 www.chinesestandard.net Page 5 of 136
9.2.1 Constructional requirements... 83 9.3 Limited-energy circuit... 86 9.4 Requirements for equipment containing or using flammable liquids... 88 9.5 Overcurrent protection... 88 9.5.1 PERMANENTLY CONNECTED EQUIPMENT... 89 9.5.2 Other equipment... 89 10 Equipment temperature limits and resistance to heat... 89 10.1 Surface temperature limits for protection against burns... 89 10.2 Temperatures of windings... 90 10.3 Other temperature measurements... 91 10.4 Conduct of temperature tests... 91 10.4.1 Temperature measurement of heating equipment... 91 10.4.2 Equipment intended for installation in a cabinet or a wall... 92 10.5 Resistance to heat... 92 10.5.1 Integrity of CLEARANCES and CREEPAGE DISTANCES... 92 10.5.2 Non-metallic ENCLOSURES... 92 10.5.3 Insulating material... 93 11 Protection against HAZARDS from fluids... 94 11.1 General... 94 11.2 Cleaning... 94 11.3 Spillage... 95 11.4 Overflow... 95 11.5 Battery electrolyte... 95 11.6 Specially protected equipment... 96 11.7 Fluid pressure and leakage... 96 11.7.1 Maximum pressure... 96 11.7.2 Leakage and rupture at high pressure... 96 11.7.3 Leakage from low-pressure parts... 97 www.chinesestandard.net Page 6 of 136
11.7.4 Overpressure safety device... 97 12 Protection against radiation, including laser sources, and against sonic and ultrasonic pressure... 98 12.1 General... 98 12.2 Equipment producing ionizing radiation... 98 12.2.1 Ionizing radiation... 98 12.2.2 Accelerated electrons... 99 12.3 Ultraviolet (UV) radiation... 99 12.4 Microwave radiation... 99 12.5 Sonic and ultrasonic pressure... 99 12.5.1 Sound level... 100 12.5.2 Ultrasonic pressure... 100 13 Protection against liberated gases, explosion and implosion... 101 13.1 Poisonous and injurious gases... 101 13.2 Explosion and implosion... 101 13.2.1 Components... 101 13.2.2 Batteries and battery charging... 101 13.2.3 Implosion of cathode ray tubes... 102 13.2.4 Equipment RATED for high pressures... 102 14 Components... 103 14.1 General... 103 14.2 Motors... 104 14.2.1 Motor temperatures... 104 14.2.2 Series excitation motors... 104 14.3 Over temperature protection devices... 105 14.4 Fuse holders... 105 14.5 MAINS voltage selecting devices... 106 14.6 HIGH INTEGRITY Components... 106 www.chinesestandard.net Page 7 of 136
14.7 MAINS transformers tested outside equipment... 106 14.8 Printed circuit boards... 106 14.9 Circuits or components used as transient overvoltage limiting devices... 107 15 Protection by interlocks... 108 15.1 General... 108 15.2 Prevention of reactivating... 108 15.3 Reliability... 108 16 Test and measurement equipment... 109 16.1 Current measuring circuits... 109 16.2 Multifunction meters and similar equipment... 109 Annex A... 110 Annex B... 113 Annex C... 115 Annex D... 120 Annex E... 124 Annex F... 125 Annex G... 127 Bibliography... 133 www.chinesestandard.net Page 8 of 136
Foreword All technical content of this part of GB 4793 is mandatory. GB 4793 is currently divided into 7 parts: - Part 1: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use. Part 1:General requirements (IEC 61010-1); - Part 2: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use. Part 2:Particular requirements for hand-held and hand-manipulated current sensors for electrical test and measurement (IEC 61010-2-030); - Part 3: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use. Part3:Particular requirements for laboratory equipment for mixing and stirring (IEC 61010-2-051); - Part 4: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use Part 4: Particular requirements for autoclaves using steam for the treatment of medical materials and for laboratory process (IEC 61010-2-040); - Part 5: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use. Part 5: Safety requirements for hand-held probe assemblies for electrical measurement and test (IEC 61010-2-031); - Part 6: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use - Part 6: the special requirements of laboratory equipment for the heating of materials (IEC 61010-2-010); - Part 7: Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use. Part 7:Particular requirements for laboratory centrifuges (IEC 61010-2-020). Note: Above name of the parts will be changed with change of IEC standard name. This Part is Part 1 of GB 4793. [Note by Translator: The following text in red indicates the key differences between GB 4793.1-1-2007 and IEC 61010-1:2001] This part equivalently adopts IEC 61010-1:2001 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use - Part 1: General www.chinesestandard.net Page 9 of 136
requirements (English). The technical content and structure are exactly the same as IEC 61010. And it incorporates the contents of technical corrigendum 1 and 2 (on the right side with a double vertical bars). This part is the revision of GB 4793.1-1995 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use - Part 1: General requirements (idt IEC 61010-1:1990). Compared between version-2007 and version-1995 of this Part, there are major changes: The text of many provisions in the standard has been modified; the standard structure has been further adjusted; for some test methods, there is more detail description. For example, on the basis of normal environmental conditions, it adds the extended environmental conditions; in anti-shock section, it redefines safe voltage limit, and it amends damp places limits; in fire protection requirements, it newly introduces concept of energy-limited circuits, and it gives the judgment data; corresponding to the anti-liquid danger, this Part newly adds liquid pressure test procedure. For ease of use, this Part makes the following editorial changes: [Note by Translator: The following text in red indicates the key differences between GB 4793.1-1-2007 and IEC 61010-1:2001] a) USE decimal point "." to replace the comma as a decimal point ",". b) DELETE the content of Preface and "Annex H (informative) definition index" of IEC 61010-1:2001. c) For those international standards cited by IEC 61010-1:2001, if there are equivalently-adopted or modified national standards, this Part uses the national standards or industry standards to replace the corresponding international standards. If there is no corresponding equivalently-adopted or modified national standards, they are directly cited in this Part (see Chapter 2 of this Part). d) The errors in original edition are corrected. From the date of implementation, this Part shall replace GB 4793.1-1995. GB 4793.1-1995 shall be abolished on the same day. Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C, Appendix D, Appendix E, and Appendix F of this Part are normative. Appendix G is informative. This Part was proposed by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China. This Part shall be under the jurisdiction of the China Electronics Standardization Institute (CESI). www.chinesestandard.net Page 10 of 136
Drafting organization of this Part: China Electronics Standardization Institute (CESI). Main drafters of this Part: Jia Zhen, Guo Jianyu, and Xiao Xiangrong. First-time publication of GB 4793.1 was on December 29, 1995. www.chinesestandard.net Page 11 of 136
Introduction This Part of GB 4793 specifies the general safety requirements for all applicable equipment within its scope of application. For specific type of equipment, these general applicable safety requirements shall use 1 or more special requirements from other parts of GB 4793 to supplement or modify. Special requirements of other parts of GB 4793 must be read together with the general requirements of this Part. www.chinesestandard.net Page 12 of 136