1 ICT as a Tool for Smart Society and Better Life Earthquake & Smart Society Toyota Info Technology Center, Co., Ltd. and The Telecommunication Technology Committee yuji@ttc.or.jp yuji@jp.toyota-itc.com
Earthquake in Eastern Japan on 11 March 2011 2 Plate Tectonics North America M 9.0 500km x 200km Intensity 7 (max) Tsunami >20mh Pacific Eurasian Philippine >30,000 dead or lost >500,000 in 2000 refuges Still 150, 000 after 3 weeks
Earthquake in Eastern Japan on 11 March 2011 3 still many 5+ Condolences
Appreciations 4 Rescue Teams from 16 countries and organizations, Aid from 130 countries and 33 organizations, Tremendous Purse and Donations from all over the world, Many PRAYERs through e-mail and phone calls. >30,000 people have been rescued from debris & rubble, Although many Japanese have been facing problems and some few are selfish, we feel OK and try to act less, gently and moderately.
Tsunami 5 When it started, it reached at highest within 6 minutes, and Bigger ones attacked several times after hours.
Tsunami 6 Tsunami >38mh measured >90 % died by Tsunami >400 km2 >30 Regional Governments
Tsunami 7
Tsunami 8
Tokyo: Intensity 5 with no Trains 9 - hundreds of thousand people away from home over night - electricity shortage
Current Topics 10 Tetra-pots expanded the height of Tsunami Telecom; NTT s case - 10,000, and - by the end of April: Telecom LS; 55 damaged => 46 recovered Cellular Base Station; 304 => 248 recovered Net; various False rumors
Heavily Damaged 4 Nuclear Power Plants 11 Level 6 worse than Threemiles 7 died at site >100,000 people in refuges away from home (within 20km => 30km radius)
What Happened? 12 Fukushima #1, #2 and Onagawa were attacked by Tsunami with more than 10 meters high in spite of the estimated maximum deserter case as 5 meters at Fukushima, and these two sites, Fukushima #1& #2, went into emergency level, while Onagawa site has been OK, since it was designed against 9.1 meters, We do not know yet how seriously the earthquake itself damaged the sites, but all nuclear reactors could be controlled down to nonactive mode and they were under control by designed emergency process, but Tsunami at two sites after one hour later with more than 10 meters high destroyed most of emergency electric generators and oil tanks for the emergency operations, Water cooling &circulation systems were stopped due to the regular electricity cut and also by the damage of emergency generator systems,
What Happened? 13 Then the water in cooling nuclear reactors to non-active mode was boiled up in the air-proof vessels, some of them were converted to Hydrogen, and hydrogen was thrown out and explored by unknown reasons, Explosions which broke walls and ceilings of the plant buildings were several times by which 15 brave workers were injured, and serious radioactive radiation has been measured in various places close to the site, Hard efforts have been put to stop increasing heat inside reactors and to reduce radiation by pouring water and recovering electricity to control systems. 10 days later, brave repairmen started to enter into the buildings,
What Happened? 14 3 repairmen were seriously injured by radiation and sent to hospital, 17 braves are over 100 msv, and 88 habitants were medicated to take out the affect of radiation (as of 25 th March), Radioactivity measurement of reactor buildings after 2 weeks revealed very serious results such as >1 Sv, 3Bq/cm3 (10E5 times over normal), which indicates serious nuclear fuel rod failure, Staying at home is still not dangerous beyond 20 km (extended to 30 km 10 days later) apart from two sites, Radiation, however, has been affecting some foods & water little by little, e.g. water for baby milk-powder, leaf-vegetable,
Hard Efforts to Stabilize to Non-Active State 3 injured, Reactor Vessel might be broken >1 Sv/h From water at bottom 15
Most Japanese temporally Experts by News 16 5 April, 2011 Yuji INOUE; ETSI Smart Smart Grid Grid Workshop Workshop
Normal as Before? close to my Home 17 250km away Earthqu uake Rain
Estimated Damages by Now 18 Radioactive Leak Cracks Reactor Bldng H Vessel Container Vessel Turbine Water intake Water intake Sea
Hard Efforts 19
Current Problems related to Electric Energy 20 Japan is divided into two regions, 50Hz and 60Hz, and operated by 9 regional dominant Electric Power Companies + minor private suppliers (5% in total) Power cut in Greater Tokyo operated by Tokyo EPC which owns Fukushima NP is very serious over all social sectors; - shortage; 10MkW/h out of 41MkW/h required Scheduled power cut has been operated as; - 5 groups depending on area fixed, - 3 hours cut in each group per day, - planed cut hour; 6am-9am, 9am-12am, is rotated Too simple method for real social activities => much less consumption than planned
Findings toward Smart Electricity 21 Much more precise feeding/receiving control (cut or reduction) is essential based on sector by sector not by area by area for sharing limited resources; - Stable power feeding to Enterprises and Public sectors even in reduced mode, - Fairness over entire Homes when cut/reduction is requested, and - Exceptions should be implemented. Visualization of usage at various sites should be realized, - individual entity, region, sector, and total - mid-term prospect, daily forecast & result record Remote control, various stoking and smart transportation of electricity will be very useful,
Findings toward Smart Society 22 about Electrical Vehicle; Pro: - excellent for minimal sustainable energy - movable & flexible energy - storage capability at less demand time, e.g. night - stabilizer for daily dynamics of demand - ad-hoc networking capability Con: - too much power consumption by full time charging - useless in long time electricity cut Change our minds, actions and systems toward reduced and shared energy society be a primary factor to Smart Society, and Technology be essential for Smart Society.
Reconsideration needed to the Current Plan 23 300 BUSD will be necessary for recovery. Ground design toward SMART SOCIETY -Sustainable + -Secure & Safe - Risck management Extracted from White paper Japan Energy Report 2010
Japan is heavily damaged by the earthquake and huge tunami which cases enormous difficulties now, but Japan will re-shape it as a Smart Society in collaboration with yours 24