Battery Energy Storage System Pilot Project, Puducherry Power Grid Corporation of India Limited Manish Kumar Tiwari
POWERGRID An Overview CENTRAL TRANSMISSION UTILITY A NAVARATNA COMAPANY CPSU CONSISTENTLY RATED EXCELLENT SINCE 1993-94 CREDIT RATING - STABLE Tr. Lines (as on 30-11-2016) 132,138 ckm Inter-Regional capacity 63,650 MW S/S & MVA (as on 30-11-2016) 213 Nos. 273,862 MVA Operating Parameters (FY15-16) Availability: > 99.7% Reliability: 0.66 Trippings per line Business Areas Transmission: India s largest Transmission Utility, 1200 kv UHVAC, 800 kv UHVDC Telecom: Owns & Operate approx. 40,000 km of network with point of presence in 595 locations Consultancy Services-Transmission, Smart Grid, Energy Efficiency 2
Drivers for Pilot Project on Energy Storage Balancing support needed for high Degree of Renewable Penetration (175 GW) by 2022 Very less existing capacity of Grid scale energy storage in the form of Pumped Hydro storage High gestation period for Pumped hydro storage No experience of grid scale energy storage apart from Pumped Hydro
Why Battery Energy Storage Pilot? Higher ramp rate Lower response time Modularity in size Flexibility in transportation Options of many Chemistries
Objectives for Pilot Project Proof of concept for application of BESS towards frequency response & energy time shift applications Ancillary Services First hand experience of different battery technologies & it s battery management system before large scale deployment prospects in future Policy / Regulatory advocacy for deployment of such technologies for grid stability
Proposed Technologies Advanced Lead Acid Mature technology Less Maintenance Requirement Economical Lithium Ion Fast maturing Large number of Pilots worldwide High Power Density Flow battery Higher Depth of Discharge Longer Life Upcoming technology
Size of the Pilot Project Sl. No. Technology Capacity Package I Package II Advanced Lead Acid Lithium ion 500 kw-30 Min (250 kwh) 500 kw-30 Min (250 kwh) Package III Flow 250 kw-4 hours (1000 kwh)
Technical Specifications Parameters Li-ion Battery Advanced lead Acid Battery Flow Battery Charging rate DC-DC Roundtrip efficiency 3 hrs. from rated DoD to Full Capacity 3 hrs. from rated DoD to full capacity >90% >80% >75% 5 hrs. from rated DoD to full capacity Service Life 10 years 10 years 10 years Life-cycle 4000 cycles (900 MWh) 3000 cycles (675 MWh) 3000 cycles (2700 MWh)
Single Line Diagram
Battery Energy Management System Power Conditioning System (PCS) Conversion AC to DC and vice versa Associated control and Protection system. Equipped with suitable filter banks, harmonic filters to ensure power quality. Power Management System (PMS) Consists of hardware and Software for different applications such as Frequency Regulation & Energy time shifting etc. Monitoring and Control System Facilitates control room operator to monitor all parameters of BESS and exert control accordingly. Includes suitable protection system for protection against faults.
Protection System DC System Protection AC System Protection Others DC Over Current Earth Fault Protection DC Over / Under Voltage Breaker failure protection Transient / Surge Protection AC Over / Under Voltage AC Over current Earth Fault Protection AC Over / Under Frequency Breaker Failure Protection Loss of Phase Transient / Surge Protection Synchronisation Check Protection Against temperature Rise Emergency Stop Fire-fighting System
System Configuration: Adv. Lead Acid Internal Chemistry: Cathode-PbO2, Anode-(Lead+Carbon),Electrolyte- H2SO4 Details of Each Cell: 2V, 600 Ah Configuration: Two strings are connected in parallel, each string comprises of 300 cells connected in series (total 600 cells) PCS Efficiency: 96% Total Capacity of Battery: 691.2 kwh (useful Capacity at 2C was found 384 kwh) Rated DoD: 65.1%
System Configuration: Lithium Ion Internal Chemistry: Cathode- Lithium Iron Phosphate, Anode- Carbon & Electrolyte - Lithium Hexafluorophate and solution of carbonates Details of Each Cell: 3.2 V, 80 Ah. Configuration: Battery Module -2 cells in parallel, 6 such units in series (19.2 V, 150Ah). One String-36 modules in series. (432 cells, 691.2 V & 150 Ah), 4 such strings in Parallel (1728 cells, 691.2 V, 600 Ah) PCS Efficiency: 96% Total Capacity of Battery: 398 kwh( useful capacity at 2C 357 kwh) Rated DoD: 70%
Initial Learnings / Findings Preparation of Technical Specification Life cycle of the battery Global standards for safety, testing etc. Parameter Advanced Lead Acid Lithium Ion Delivered Size 250 kwh, 500 kw 250 kwh, 500 kw Design Sizing 691.2 kwh 398 kwh Nos. of Cells 600 nos. 1728 nos. Rated DoD 65% 70% Battery Footprint One 40 ft. and one 20 ft. Container Area Foot print: 45 sq. m. One 40 ft. Container Area foot-print: 30 sq. m. Cost - 1.5 times than Advanced Lead Acid
Package-wise Project Status Package Package I (Advanced Lead Acid) Package II (Li-Ion Battery) Package III (Flow Battery) Status Awarded to M/s Zhejiang Narada Power Source Company limited and M/s Exicom BESS components have reached site. Commissioning activities are in progress. Awarded to M/s Zhejiang Narada Power Source Company limited and M/s Exicom BESS components have reached site. Commissioning activities are in progress. Awarded to M/s Raychem RPG (P) Ltd in November, 2016. Commissioning by end of 2017
Some Photographs