POWER TRANSMISSION leading by INNOVATION CENTA FlExIblE POWER TRANSMISSION COuPlINGS AND DRIVESHAFTS WWW.CENTA.INFO CATAlOG CENTA-MARINE-E-08-08
Headquarters in Germany CENTA was established in 1970 and since then has proved to be the most innovative designer of flexible couplings and shafts for difficult torsional vibration applications covering industrial and marine drives worldwide. Today the international CENTA group of 11 companies is one of the worlds leading manufacturers for advanced power transmission products. Torsional vibration calculation and FEA Broad Know How More than 15 million CENTA couplings are installed worldwide thus providing an extraordinarily wide range of application knowledge ranging from simple drives to complex multi mass applications involving complicated torsional vibration calculations. Worldwide Service Subsidiary companies in 10 countries, licensees in 2 and 30 national distributors provide engineering support with local stocks of products and spares close to our customers worldwide. Engineering with 25 off 3D-CAD work stations Quality Our QA-system was originally certified to ISO 9001 in 1990 by several international inspection and classification societies. About 65 type approvals have been granted to CENTA products. All new designs are rigorously tested and their technical performance figures precisely measured in our own development department on a variety of dynamic test rigs that can induce torques of up to 750 knm. CENTA is also certified to ISO 14001 for environment Management Systems. Testbench for 750 knm The complete range of products CENTA has 20 different types of flexible coupling, shafts and related products with numerous variations providing ideal solutions for almost every application, without the need to compromise solutions due to product limitations. These flexible couplings and shafts cover a broad torque range, from 10 Nm up to 650.000 Nm and they are successfully applied in all kind of industries, ship propulsions and auxiliary drives. The next page shows examples of typical applications of our main areas of activities: Construction equipment, agricultural machines, power generation, compressors, train drives, boat and ship propulsion and general machinery. Finite Element Analysis Computer controlled stock for 5400 pallets 2
Typical applications of CENTA products 3
CENTA THE COMPlETE RANGE OF FlExIblE SERIES Nominal torque T KN (Nm) Torsional angle at nominal torque & characteristic Elastic material & hardness Shore A Allowable temperature 0 C CENTAFlEx -A 10-14000 3 0 to 6 0 1) linear natural rubber 50 0 to 75 0 Shore 2) -45 to +90 CENTAFlEx -b 32-1000 4 0 Progressive Polyurethan 90 0 Shore -40 to +80 45-1400 2,5 0 Progressive Hytrel 98 0 Shore -50 to +90 CENTAFlEx -D 280-20000 3 0 to 5 0 1) Progressive N b R 50 0 to 75 0 Shore -45 to +90 CENTAFlEx -E 75-20000 3 0 to 5 0 1) Progressive N b R 75 0 Shore -45 to +90 CENTAFlEx -H 100-4000 0,2 0 to 0,3 0 linear Hytrel 98 0 Shore -50 to +150 CENTAFlEx -K 200-5200 0,2 GFRP -45 +100 CENTAFlEx -R 80-15000 10 0 linear or Progressive natural rubber 75 0 Shore or Silicone 75 0 Shore -45 +90-45 +120 CENTAFlEx -x 10-1500 0,12 0 linear Zytel -50 to +150 Centaflex, Centamax, Centaloc are registered Trademarks of CENTA-ANTRIEbE 1) depending on size 2) standard version: natural rubber; temperature resistant, special Silicone possible 4
couplings for marine applications Oilresistant Flexibility Important Features Important Areas of Application axial radial angular Very versatile; in every aspect very flexible; free of backlash; adaptable; free of wear; numerous special designs, in particular flexible universal joint shafts. The original, patented design from the inventor. Economical; simple, though of high quality; axial plug-in (blind fitting) jaw-coupling. Hubs of steel, bolted on claws of precision pressure die-cast aluminium parts with very smooth surface; standardized construction principle allows numerous variation in design; radial exchangability; flexible element can be installed without disturbing hubs. Robust, simple, plug-in jaw-coupling; numerous types of flanges; suitable for standard (SAE or DIN) or non-standard flywheels; different lengths of hubs. Flexible couplings to be mounted on new or existing drive elements; ideal for application with considerable misaglinment, such as on diesel-engines, especially for front-power take-off; for generators, compressors, pumps, boats, etc. or for shaft to shaft drives with electric motors. To connect 2 shafts in all areas of machine drives, e.g. between electrical motors and gear boxes, compressors, pumps; also available with radially removable spacer for centrifugal pumps (DIN 740) or as flexible universal joint shaft of any length up to 6 m. Hubs with finished bore or Centaloc spline clamping hub or taper bushes. Diesel-generator and centrifugal pump sets, as well as similar drives with considerable inertia on the driven side. Type approval from all important classification societies. Robust, simple, plug-in jaw-coupling with large permissible finished bores. Various hub lengths. With type 3 radial exchange of rubber element - without disturbing the shafts. General industrial use for the purpose of connecting 2 shafts, or flange to shaft. Robust, plug-in, torsionally stiff coupling, always for torsionally subcritical drives, oil and temperature resistant. Type 4 with integrated flange-adaptor SAE 10, 11 1 /2 and 14 for diesel flywheels. A simple and economic blind assembly, coupling solution, using plastics and steel, for low inertia drives, such as hydrostatic pumps. A complete drive solution which includes the pump mounting plate is offered as required. Torsionally very soft roller type coupling for blind fitting in bell housings, small sizes with linear, large sizes with progressive stiffness characteristic. Drives for flange-mounted hydraulic pumps on diesel engines - especially with wear resistant Centaloc spline clamping hub; the ideal and widely used reliable coupling for hydrostatically driven construction machines. Available with a wide variety of pump mounting adaptors for diesel engines. Drives for flange-mounted hydraulic pumps on diesel engines - especially with wear resistant Centaloc spline clamping hub; the ideal and widely used reliable coupling for hydrostatically driven construction machines. Available with a wide variety of pump mounting adaptors for diesel engines. Diesel driven gensets, compressors and ship propulsion. Series G Series G Series G Torsionally very stiff, free of backlash, angulary flexible coupling; oil- and temperature-resistent. Exactly aligned drives for precise, torsionally stiff and backlash free with exact, angular trans mission, e.g. step motors, tachometer drives, feeding drives. Torsionally stiff universal joint shaft. very well suited not suited Copyright is held by Centa Antriebe Kirschey GmbH. Printed in Germany. 5
CENTA Couplings for ship propulsion With more than 16 years in the marine market 50.000 CENTAx couplings over a broad range of applications, are providing our customers with outstanding reliability and giving CENTA a reputation that is second to none. All CENTAx couplings have a linear torsional stiffness characteristic, which can be varied by the selection of a different hardness of rubber and the number of elements, which allows for optimal tuning of torsional vibrating systems. To facilitate maintenance, all CENTAx series couplings provide for radial removal of the elements. CENTAX-L The most flexible of the Super Elastic Couplings range. Combining the torsional and radial soft CENTAx-elements together with the CENTA developed, patented unique link coupling offers the benefits of both systems. The result is a coupling series with convincing advantages: High torsional flexibility in radial, axial and angular directions with very low reaction forces. The ideal coupling system for flexible mounted engines and applications with substantial misalignment. Torque range 2-90 knm. CENTAx-lFS2 CENTAX-G These series combine one or two torsional CENTAx-elements with a steel membrane. This economical combination provides the right torsional flexibility and good misalignment capacity at moderate costs for ship propulsion with engines on rigid or flexible mounts. Torque range 2-650 Nm CENTAx-GFS2 CENTAX-TT The CENTAx-TT as series Cx-T2 with 2 rows of segmented elements offers the right torsional stiffness and flexibility for ship propulsion in the higher torque range up to 500 KNm. The CENTAx TT is capable of connecting all large 4 stroke Diesel engines currently on the world market. The segment design also provides a solution for tunnel gears providing generator drives from propeller shafts driven by large 2 stroke engines. Torque range 16-500 knm CENTAx-TT CENTAX-DP CENTAx Series DP uses the high torsional and radial flexibility of the CENTAx-element for damping torsional vibrations and radial misalignments. Due to the axial stiffness of the element the coupling is perfectly suitable for smooth transmission of torque and propeller thrust and is therefore used behind the gear to connect the gear flexibly to the propeller shaft. This coupling series dampens torsional vibrations, compensates the radial misalignment and noise - no noise and vibration is passed into the hull. An ideal and well proven coupling for comfortable drives in passenger boats and fast patrol crafts, specially for flexible mounted gear or engine/ gear units. Torque range up to 320 knm. 6 CENTAx-DP
CENTA Couplings for boats and small ships CENTAFLEX-DS Dual stage coupling. Current market leader of dual stage design incorporating an CENTAFLEX-R This simple, robust roller coupling has a progressive characteristic, which is ideal for boat exceptionally soft first stage for torsional isolation (and elimination of low speed gear rattle) and adequately soft second stage for both torsional isolation and economic power transmission - all using the drives. Its extremely low stiffness at low torque shifts the resonance below idling speed and thereby avoids gear chatter. It is very reliable, with no rubber bonding, only compressed tem - perature resistant elastomeric fail-safe rubber in compression principle. Torque range up to 2 knm Over 300000 units in service. CENTAFlEx-DS rollers transmit the torque. The couplings are fail-safe and suitable for blind assembly. Torque range 0.25-15 knm. Over 100000 units in service. CENTAFlEx-R CENTA Couplings for all kind of Diesel driven equipment CENTAMAX Torsionally soft disc type coupling, which when introduced to the market in 1980 was the CENTAX-N This clever combination of well proven CENTA flexible elements, namely the torsional and radial first of its type and set the pattern for future designs of this soft CENTAx-element with the axial and angular soft CENTA type. Available as standard type S for blind fitting or as the unique backlash free type b for independently mounted drives (please see picture below). The flexible elements are made either from rubber or heat resistant Silicone Torque range up to 40 knm. membrane provides outstanding torsional and compensating abilities. The ideal coupling between Diesel engines on flexible mounts and independently mounted marine gears or any other kind of drives Torque range up to 25 knm. CENTAMAx-S CENTAx-N CENTA Couplings for Generator Sets CENTAFLEX-D After many years still one of the leading, robust, simple jaw type couplings for flange mounted generator drives. Torque range up to 20 knm. CENTAX-TT A tough economical torsional coupling with linear stiffness characteristics and axial flexibility for generator drives on rigid mounts. Torque range up to 500 knm. CENTAFlEx-D CENTAx-TT CENTAX-G A torsionally and radially soft flexible coupling with linear characteristics for generator drives on flexible or rigid mounts. Torque range up to 450 knm. CENTAMAX - S and B Torsionally soft disc coupling with linear stiffness characteristics widely used in flanged or independently mounted generator sets. Torque range up to 40 knm. 7 CENTAx-G CENTAMAx-b
Additional interesting products for industry and marine CENTA-FH Flange housings fitted with bearings to support high angle u/j shafts and protect engine crankshafts from dangerous reaction forces eminating from the u/j shafts. Within the housing there is a suitable torsional coupling (CENTAMAX or CENTAFLEX-R) to dampen the torsional vibration. The housings are made of high grade aluminium for low weight in sizes SAE 00 down to SAE 3. Torque range up to 20 knm. CENTAX-V The ideal torsional coupling with internal bearings to be arranged between Diesel-flywheel and moderate angle u/j shafts. It tunes the drive line torsionally and dampens and shifts the resonance below idling speed and protects the whole system against dangerous torsional vibrations. Torque range up to 50 knm. CENTA-FH CENTAX-V P.T.O. couplings CENTA offer a complete range of couplings for all types of power take off drives (generators, pumps, etc.) from both the front end of engines and from marine gear units in the propulsion power train. Couplings with up to 6 elements in series provide the required torsional flexibility for all types of operation. Torque range up to 160 knm. CENTAX-P.T.O. couplings CENTASTART Centrifugal Clutches are based on the CENTAFLEX-A flexible elements. They pro vide torsional dampening and act as an automatic clutch. This engages smoothly as speed increases and disengages when speed decreases to idling. Typical applications include engine drives to waterjets or to lift fans on hovercraft and aircushion catamarans or any application, where substantial inertias must be accelerated. Torque range up to 14 knm. CENTASTART CENTA Couplings arranged behind the gear for boats and small ships In addition to the coupling types described in this brochure CENTA offers a complete range of smaller couplings and flex ible shafts for smaller craft. These provide flexible couplings to connect gears to propeller shafts or waterjets or stern drives. These accept misalignment, interrupt shaft transmitted noise and include versions which accept propellor thrust. Torque range up to 14 knm. CENTAFLEX - AGM CENTAFLEX - M Sidney Rivercat with CENTAFLEX-A-GZ flexible drive shafts. 8 CENTAFLEX - A - GZ
flexible couplings flexible shafts u/joints CENTA Product range overview industry marine Application flexible mounts rigid mounts main propulsion auxiliary drive torque range Flexibility Designation (knm) torsional radial axial angular CENTAFLEX-A 0,1-14 X X X X X X X CENTAFLEX-D 0,28-20 X X X X CENTAFLEX-DS 0,1-2,0 X X X X CENTAFLEX-R 1-15 X X X X CENTAMAX 0,1-30 X X X X X X X CENTAX-G 2,0-650 X X X X X X CENTAX-L 2,0-85 X X X X X X CENTAX-N 1,1-25 X X X X X X CENTAX-DP 2,0-320 X X X X CENTAX-TT 20-500 X X X X X X X CENTAFLEX-AG/AGZ 0,1-14 X X X X X X CENTALINK 2,5-540 X X X X X X CENTADISC 12,5-500 X X X X X X X CENTAX-V 0,3-50 X X X X X X X CENTA-FH 0-20 X X X X X X X SAE 3, 2, 1, 0, 00 high low gen set u/joints Applications of CENTA couplings and shafts in ship propulsion CENTALINK in Fast Ferries Berlin Express and Jetliner - 6000 kw - 600 rpm - 100 knm B + V, cruise ship with 4 CENTA carbon fibre shafts and 8 CENTAX-TT couplings for 200 knm. Fast Ferry Del Norte of Golden Gate Ferries with CENTALINK carbon fibre shafts. Fast Ferry Jumbo Cat with CENTADISC carbon fibre shafts and CENTAX couplings, 7200 kw at 1050 rpm. 9 CENTADISC carbon fibre shafts in Flying Cat.
CENTA Flexible shafts for marine and industry CENTAFLEX series AG, AGZ and A-GS Torsionally soft, these economic flexible shafts use the outstanding CENTAFlEx A series elements, which compensate for axial, radial and angular misalignment. Suitable for all kind of applications. Continuous angular deflections of up to 2 degrees, per element, is possible Torque range up to 14 knm. CENTALINK The silent drive shaft Torsionally stiff but capable of compensating for substantial misalignments of all kinds while dampening transmitted noise. Proven over the years in many applications in shaft lines of up to 25 m in length, e.g. windturbines, pump sets and ship propulsion. Torque range up to 540 knm. CENTADISC The lightweight drive shaft based on the proven and patented steel membrane design of the CENTAx series M coupling, and compensating for all kinds of misalignment. lengths up to 10 m. using intermediate bearings and additional membranes any length of shaft can be provided. Torque range up to 500 knm and more. Shaft material All flexible shafts can be manufactured using tubes from steel (or other conventional metals) or composites. CENTA has been in the forefront of composite shaft technology since 1996, delivering complete flexible shafts for fast ferries, naval and super luxury yachts, cruise ships and pump sets. CENTA System engineering CENTA engineers complete shaft systems including coup lings, clutches, bearings and bulk head seals, having carried out the necessary torsional vibration and critical speed calculations. Complete flexible shaft systems up to 25m length and capable of transmitting 600 knm torque have been provided for fast ferries with aluminium hulls. CENTA shaft systems, especially those manufactured from composites connected by membranes provide light weight installations able to flex in all directions in order to avoid dangerous reaction forces from misalignments, thermal growth, distortion and movement of the hull or frame. Suitable designs to connect diesel engines with gear units and gear units with water jets, azimuthing propel lors and any other kind of driven units are available. Typical arrangement of CENTA couplings and Carbon Fibre shafts. The first section behind the engines also comprise 2 CENTAx torsional couplings each that tune the torsional vibrations of the system. CENTA power transmission for all flexible connections from engine to waterjet 10
CENTA Carbon Fibre Technology Background Throughout its history of over 30 years, CENTA has advanced the technology of drive shafts for boat and ship propulsion, using innovative solutions in its product line to satisfy the most demanding applications. This has given CENTA a wide and varied experience and established the company with a reputation for reliability and excellence. Continuing in its innovative role, as a natural progression of its portfolio, CENTA has developed the technology to produce composite shafts for industrial and ship propulsion. The product has been enabled by cooperation with a Technical university and development has been with full discussion of the classification societies, where fatigue tests (exceeding 10 6 load cycles) and overload tests have been successfully completed. Such development work has proven the design and CENTA can offer reliable solutions with confidence. To date, more than 500 CENTA composite shafts have been delivered, and already clocking up thousands of hours without any technical problem and make CENTA the market leader. Design All CENTA composite shafts are bespoke designed in-house to ensure minimum weight and optimum dimensions. Special computer programmes have been developed to design the most effective filament layering systems and producing the resulting technical characteristics of the shaft. unique to CENTA is a positive locking system of the composite shaft to the metal flanges (in steel or aluminium) using tapered titanium pins, a method which provides an economic and reliable solution to the problem and is protected by a Patent application. This method provides a safety factor of 6 times rated torque and 3 times fatigue torque. Design Philosophy and System Engineering Innovative solutions are best engineered at the concept stage to gain full benefits. With the broad experience CENTA has gained in engineering its products into drivelines we are able to offer advice and products to provide optimum solutions at minimum cost. Our design philosophy avoids rigid connections for two main reasons: firstly a flexible connection significantly reduces the bending stresses in the shaft with consequent low cyclic loading on the composite shaft/metal flange connection and secondly, reduces the associated high bearing reaction forces and bending moments in the adjacent machinery. The cardanic design is achieved with axially and angulary flexible (torsionally and radially stiff) joints from the CENTAlINK and CENTADISC range with the composite shaft providing the spacer. Should torsional flexibility also be required, the CENTAFlEx and CENTAx elements may also be engineered into the solution. Additionally, spacers, flanges, bulkhead seals, bearings etc. can be engineered into the driveline, to provide the customer with a complete package from one supplier, avoiding interfacing problems with several suppliers as has been traditionally experienced. Further, as part of the optimisation of the complete engineering solution, CENTA has expertise in torsional vibration analysis and prediction of the lateral critical speeds (whirling) of the shafts, with the ability to adjust the design where necessary. CENTADISC carbon fibre shaft in Flying Cat. CENTADISC carbon fibre shaft in Jumbo Cat. Applications The main application for composite shafts has been on fast ferries between the propulsion unit and marine gear, and between the gear and water jet, and where low weight is paramount and high flexibility desirable due to high movements experienced in modern aluminium hulls. Whilst most applications are purely for torque transmission, composite shafts also have the ability to transmit propeller thrust. CENTA s experience also extends to luxury yachts, cruise ships, naval vessels, industrial pumping systems, dredgers and cooling towers. Classification To date, CENTA composite shafts have been delivered to the following Classification Society Rules: AbS, DNV, Gl, lrs and RINa. As other societies become involved, we believe that approval would be available, based upon the precedent of our existing research and references. Advantages Low weight - typically 70% of weight is saved compared to conventional steel shafts. Low thermal expansion, damping of noise. Longer spans reducing or eliminating line shaft bearings hence providing lower weight and less assembly parts. (Saving not only the pedestal bearings, but also the cost and weight of the structure supporting the pedestales). Long service life, no corrosion, no wear, no maintenance, non conductive, non magnetic. Technical Data length: up to about 12 m per section. With several sections any length can be designed. Torque: up to about 1000 knm and much more. Speeds: up to 3000 rpm, depending on length, diameter and design of the tube. Please ask for your catalog of Carbon Fibre shafts. beside these standard dimensions, we create many bespoke designs. Therefore please contact us at your project stage so we can help provide you with the optimum solution at the outset. Finite Element Analysis luxury yacht with 3 CENTA carbon fibre shafts behind Diesels and gasturbine 11
C ENTA POWER TRANSMISSION LEADING BY INNOVATION CENTA is the leading producer of flexible couplings for industrial, marine and power generating applications. Worldwide. A family business with headquarters in Haan, Germany Subsidiaries in 10 major industrial countries. Agencies in 25 other countries. Worldwide after-sales service with over 300 staff. Our success: over 15 million CENTA couplings installed since 1970. HEAD OFFICE WOLRD WIDE NETWORK CENTA Antriebe Australia Finland Japan Slovakia Kirschey GmbH Austria France Jordan South Africa Belgium Germany Mexico South Korea Bergische Strasse 7 Bulgaria Great Britain Netherlands Spain 42781 Haan/Germany Brazil Greece New Zealand Sweden +49-2129-9120 Phone +49-2129-2790 Fax Canada Chile China Hong Kong Hungary India Norway Peru Poland Switzerland Taiwan Turkey info@centa.de Czech Republic Israel Portugal USA www.centa.info Denmark Italy Singapore CENTA headoffice and subsidiaries are marked with the CENTA logo. Find our world wide address database at www.centa.info/contact