Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB/T31467.3-2015 www.chinesestandard.net Sales@ChineseStandard.net GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 43.080 T 47 GB/T 31467.3-2015 Lithium-ion traction battery pack and system for electric vehicles Part 3: Safety requirements and test methods 电动汽车用锂离子动力蓄电池包和系统第 3 部分 : 安全性要求与测试方法 (ISO 12405-3:2014, Electrically propelled road vehicles Test specification for lithium-ion traction battery packs and systems Part 3: Safety performance requirements, NEQ) Issued on: May 15, 2015 Implemented on: May 15, 2015 Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People s Republic of China; Standardization Administration of the People s Republic of China. www.chinesestandard.net Page 1 of 22
Table of Contents Foreword... 3 1 Scope... 4 2 Normative references... 4 3 Terms and definitions... 4 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms... 6 5 General test conditions... 6 5.1 General conditions... 6 5.2 Accuracy requirements... 7 5.3 Data record and the time interval for recording... 8 5.4 Preparation for testing... 8 6 General tests... 8 6.1 Measurement accuracy of state parameters... 8 6.2 Pre-conditioning test... 9 7 Safety tests... 9 7.1 Vibration... 9 7.2 Mechanical shock... 12 7.3 Falling... 13 7.4 Rotation... 13 7.5 Simulated collision... 13 7.6 Squeezing... 14 7.7 Temperature shock... 15 7.8 Thermal shock cycling... 15 7.9 Seawater immersion... 16 7.10 Exposure to fire burning... 16 7.11 Salt mist... 17 7.12 High altitude... 17 7.13 Over-temperature protection... 18 7.14 Short circuit protection... 18 7.15 Over-charge protection... 18 7.16 Over-discharge protection... 19 Annex A (Informative) Typical Configurations of Battery Packs and Battery Systems... 20 Annex B (Informative) Test Items of Battery Pack and Battery System... 22 www.chinesestandard.net Page 2 of 22
Foreword GB/T 31467 Lithium-ion traction battery pack and system for Electric vehicles is divided into 3 parts: Part 1: Test specification for high power applications; Part 2: Test specification for high energy applications; Part 3: Safety requirements and test methods. This Part is Part 3 of GB/T 31467. This Part is drafted based on the provisions provided in GB/T 1.1-2009. This Part was proposed by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China. This Part shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee of Auto Standardization (SAC/TC 114). Drafting organizations of this Part: China Automotive Technology & Research Center, China Electronics Technology Group Corporation 18 th Research Institute, Shenzhen BYD Auto Co., Ltd., China FAW Group Corporation, China North Vehicle Research Institute, Huizhou Epower Electronic Co., Ltd., Tianjin Lishen Battery Co., Ltd., Chery New Energy Automotive Technology Co., Ltd., Hubei Camel Storage Battery Research Institute Co., Ltd., Putian New Energy Co., Ltd., Shanghai CENAT Energy Company Limited, Tianjin Qingyuan Electric Vehicle Co.,Ltd., Technology Center of Shanghai Automotive Group Co., Ltd., Qoros Automotive Co., Ltd., Technology Center of Dongfeng Motor Group Co., Ltd., Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd. Headquarters (NingDe), Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing Institute of Technology, Shanghai Hengdong Auto Battery Co., Ltd., FAW - Volkswagen Co., Ltd. AND Heter Electronics Group Co., Ltd. Main drafters of this Part: Wu Zhixin, LianYubo, Wang Fang, Liu Shiqiang, Xiao Chengwei, Meng Xiangfeng, Hu Daozhong, Cai Yi, Zhang Jianhua, Pei Xiaojuan, Zhou Nenghui, Ruan Xusong, Zhang Na, Liu Kewei, Yu Hongtao, Zeng Xiangbing, Shao Zhehai, Jiang Wenfeng, Wang Hongmei, Xia Yang, Wang Zhenpo, Jiang Jiuchun, Wang Wei, Wei Xuezhe, Chen Fanwei, Wang Qing, Liu Lei and Ren Shijie. www.chinesestandard.net Page 3 of 22
Lithium-ion traction battery pack and system for electric vehicles - Part 3: Safety requirements and test methods 1 Scope This Part of GB/T 31467 specifies test procedures and safety requirements for lithium-ion battery packs and systems to be used in electrically propelled vehicles. This Part of GB/T 31467 is applicable to lithium-ion battery packs and systems installed in electrically propelled vehicles. For Ni-MH battery packs or systems, this standard can be served as reference. 2 Normative references The following documents are indispensable for application of this document. For the dated documents so quoted, only the dated versions apply to this document. For the undated documents so quoted, the latest versions (including all modification sheets) apply to this document. GB 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) GB/T 18384.1 storage Electric vehicles - Safety specification - Part 1: On-board energy GB/T 18384.3 Electric vehicles-safety specification - Part 3: Protection of persons against electric hazards GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles GB/T 28046.1-2011 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 1: General GB/T 31467.1-2015 Lithium-ion traction battery pack and system for Electric vehicles - Part 1: Test specification for high power applications GB/T 31467.2-2015 Lithium-ion traction battery pack and system for electric vehicles - Part 2: Test specification for high energy applications 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 19596 AND the following apply. www.chinesestandard.net Page 4 of 22
Voltage: ±1%; Current: ±1%; Temperature: ±2 V. 5.3 Data record and the time interval for recording Unless otherwise specified, the test data such as time, temperature, current and voltage shall be recorded at the interval of 1% of the predicted charging or discharging time. 5.4 Preparation for testing 5.4.1 Preparation of battery pack Battery pack s high voltage, low voltage and cooling devices shall be connected to the test bench equipment. The passive protection of battery pack shall be activated. The working state and parameters of test bench equipment and battery pack shall fulfill the requirements and be tested according to test procedure as prescribed by the manufacturer of battery pack. The active protection shall be able to be activated through the shut-off of main connector of battery pack if necessary. The cooling device shall fulfill the working requirements of manufacturer. During the test, data is not exchanged between battery pack and test bench equipment. The parameter limits of battery pack shall be controlled by the test bench equipment. The current, voltage, capacity or energy parameters detected by the test bench equipment shall be served as the test results or the basis for calculation. 5.4.2 Preparation of battery system Battery system s high voltage, low voltage, cooling devices and BCU shall be connected to the test bench equipment. The active and passive protections of battery pack shall be activated. The test parameters and conditions of the test bench equipment shall fulfill the requirements prescribed in the test procedure; the working parameters of battery system shall be within the reasonable limit range. The value limits shall be transmitted to the test bench equipment by the BCU via bus communication. The cooling device shall be operational according to the controls of the BCU. If necessary, the BCU program can be changed by the manufacturer of battery system according to the required test procedure. During the test of battery system, the battery system transmits the parameters of battery state and working limits to the test bench equipment via bus communication; then the test bench equipment controls the test process according to the battery state and working limits. The current, voltage, capacity or energy parameters detected by the test bench equipment shall be served as the test results or the basis for calculation. The uploaded parameters of battery system shall not be taken as the test result or the basis for test. 6 General tests 6.1 Measurement accuracy of state parameters www.chinesestandard.net Page 8 of 22
7.2.1 The test object is battery pack or system. 7.2.2 Apply the half sine shock waveform shock of 25g, 15ms at the axis directions to the test object for 3 times. The test object shall be observed for 2h. 7.2.3 Requirements: Battery pack or system shall not exhibit evidence of leakage, rapture, fire or explosion. The insulating resistance value after the test shall not be lower than 100 Ω/v. 7.3 Falling 7.3.1 The test object is battery pack or system. 7.3.2 The test object shall be fallen at the direction where the object may most likely be fallen during real maintenance or installation. If the direction cannot be confirmed, drop the object along the direction of Z-axis at the height of 1m to the cement ground. The test object shall be observed for 2h. 7.3.3 Requirements: Battery pack or system shall not exhibit evidence of leakage, rapture, fire or explosion. 7.4 Rotation 7.4.1 The test object is battery pack or system. 7.4.2 The test object is rotated around X-axis by 360 at the speed of 6 /s; then rotated at the increment of 90. Keep for 1h for each increment of 90. If it is rotated for 360, stop it. The test object shall be observed. 7.4.3 The test object is rotated around Y-axis by 360 at the speed of 6 /s; then rotated at the increment of 90. Keep for 1h for each increment of 90. If it is rotated for 360, stop it. The test object shall be observed. 7.4.4 Requirements: Battery pack or system shall not exhibit evidence of leakage, rapture, fire or explosion and maintain reliable connection and complete structure. The insulating resistance value after the test shall not be lower than 100 Ω/v. 7.5 Simulated collision 7.5.1 The test object is battery pack or system. 7.5.2 The test object shall be installed on the trolley with holder horizontally. the impulse as specified in Table 7 and Figure 3 shall be applied to the trolley according to the actual environment (the driving direction of vehicle is X-axis, and the other direction vertical to the driving direction is Y-axis). The test object shall be observed for 2h. www.chinesestandard.net Page 13 of 22
the horizontal level of test object but not exceed 50cm. The height of flat plate shall not be 8cm higher than the surface of fuel. The distance between the fuel surface and the test object is set as 50cm or is the distance from the bottom of test object to the ground or confirmed through mutual negotiation. Water shall be injected to the bottom layer of flat plate. 7.10.3 If the fuel is ignited at the place which is at least 3m from the equipment under test, put the fuel plate under the tested equipment after the preheating for 60s. If the fuel plate is too large to move, moving the tested sample or holder can be adopted. 7.10.4 The test object shall be directly exposed under fire for 70s. 7.10.5 Cover plate shall be covered on the fuel plate. The test object shall be tested under this state for 60s or it can be continued to be exposed in flame for 60s with mutual agreement. 7.10.6 The fuel plate shall be moved away. The test object shall be observed for 2h. 7.10.7 Requirements: Battery system shall not exhibit evidence of explosion. If there is flame, extinguish it within 2 min after the move-off of fire source. 7.11 Salt mist 7.11.1 The test object is battery pack or system. 7.11.2 Four tests shall be cycled according to the rigid grade (5) in GB/T 2423.18. 7.11.3 Put sodium chloride (chemically pure or analytically pure) in distilled water or deionized water to prepare salt solution. Its concentration is (5 ± 0.1)% (mass fraction). PH value measured at (20±2) C is 6.5~7.2. 7.11.4 The test object shall be placed at the salt mist case which shall be sprayed with salt mist at 15 C~35 C for 2h. After spraying, the test object shall be transferred to the humidity case for 20h~22h at the temperature of (40±2) C and with the relative humidity of (93±3) %, which constitutes a cycle. This cycle shall be repeated for 3 times. Then the test object shall placed be at the environment with the standard test atmospheric static condition (humidity: (23±2) C; relative humidity: 45%~55%) for 3d, which constitutes a cycle. 4 tests shall be cycled. 7.11.5 Requirements: Battery pack or system shall not exhibit evidence of leakage, rapture, fire or explosion. 7.12 High altitude 7.12.1 The test object is battery pack or system. 7.12.2 Test environment: Atmospheric pressure at the altitude of 4 000 m or equal height, and the temperature is room temperature. www.chinesestandard.net Page 17 of 22
7.12.3 The test object shall be at the test environment as specified in 7.12.2 for 5h. The test object shall be discharged at the constant current of 1C (not exceeding 400A) until the discharging cut-off conditions are satisfied. The test object shall be observed for 2h. 7.12.4 Requirements: Battery pack or system shall not exhibit evidence of discharging current change, voltage abnormality, leakage, rapture, fire or explosion. The insulating resistance value after the test shall not be lower than 100 Ω/v. 7.13 Over-temperature protection 7.13.1 The test object is battery pack or system. 7.13.2 During the test, all the control systems of test object shall be at the working state. 7.13.3 The test temperature is the maximum working temperature of test object. The charging and discharging tests shall be performed at the maximum allowable continuous charging/discharging current of the test object until the battery management system works, or the test shall be stopped when the following conditions are satisfied: a) Exceed 10 C than the maximum working temperature; b) The highest temperature variation is lower than 4 C within 1h; c) Other immerged accidents. 7.13.4 Requirements: Battery management system works. Battery system shall not exhibit evidence of leakage, rapture, fire or explosion. The insulating resistance value after the test shall not be lower than 100 Ω/v. 7.14 Short circuit protection 7.14.1 The test object is battery pack or system. 7.14.2 During the test, all the control systems of test object shall be at the working state. 7.14.3 Create short circuit for the connecting end of test object for 10 min. 7.14.4 The resistance of short circuit shall not be greater than 20 mω which shall be mutually negotiated. The test object shall be observed for 2h. 7.14.5 Requirements: The protection unit works. Battery system shall not exhibit evidence of leakage, rapture, fire or explosion. The insulating resistance value after the test shall not be lower than 100 Ω/v. 7.15 Over-charge protection 7.15.1 The test object is battery pack or system. 7.15.2 During the test, all the control systems of test object shall be at the working state. www.chinesestandard.net Page 18 of 22
7.15.3 The charging multiplying power is 1C or mutually negotiated. The test object shall be charged until the battery management system works, or the test shall be stopped when the following conditions are satisfied: a) 1.2 times of the maximum voltage of the test object; b) SOC=130%; c) Exceed 5 C more than the highest temperature prescribed by the manufacturer; d) Other accidents are occurred. Observe for 2h after test. 7.15.4 Requirements: Battery management system works. Battery system shall not exhibit evidence of leakage, rapture, fire or explosion. The insulating resistance value after the test shall not be lower than 100 Ω/v. 7.16 Over-discharge protection 7.16.1 The test object is battery pack or system. 7.16.2 During the test, all the control systems of test object shall be at the working state. 7.16.3 The test object shall be discharged according to the requirements until the discharging cut-off condition is satisfied. Discharging at 1c (not exceeding 400A) shall be continued until battery management system works, or the test shall be stopped when the following conditions are satisfied: a) Total voltage lower than 25% of the rated voltage; b) Over-charge time exceeds 30min; c) The maximum temperature of 5 C as prescribed by the manufacturer; d) Other immerged accidents. The test object shall be observed for 2h after test. 7.16.4 Requirements: Battery management system works. Battery pack or system shall not exhibit evidence of leakage, rapture, fire or explosion. The insulating resistance value after the test shall not be lower than 100 Ω/v. www.chinesestandard.net Page 19 of 22
Annex B (Informative) Test Items of Battery Pack and Battery System The test items for lithium-ion traction battery pack or system are shown in Table B.1. Table B.1 Test Items for Traction Battery Pack or System SN Test items Applicable scope Article number of test method Battery pack or system 7.1.1 1 Vibration test Electronics of battery pack or system 7.1.2 2 Mechanical shock Battery pack or system 7.2 3 Falling Battery pack or system 7.3 4 Rotation Battery pack or system 7.4 5 Simulated collision Battery pack or system 7.5 6 Squeezing Battery pack or system 7.6 7 Temperature shock Battery pack or system 7.7 8 Thermal shock cycling Battery pack or system 7.8 9 Seawater immersion Battery pack or system 7.9 10 Exposure to fire burning Battery pack or system 7.10 11 Salt mist Battery pack or system 7.11 12 High altitude Battery pack or system 7.12 13 Over-temperature protection Battery system 7.13 14 Short circuit protection Battery system 7.14 15 Over-charge protection Battery system 7.15 16 Over-discharge protection Battery system 7.16 END www.chinesestandard.net Page 22 of 22