UTC Region 5 Meeting Justin J Kringstad Geological Engineer Director North Dakota Pipeline Authority April 20, 2017
JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 2
Bakken-Three Forks Formations Mature Bakken Three Forks Bakken Oil Play with associated natural gas production Largest oil field (in square miles) in North America (15,000 square miles) Development made possible by the combination of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 3
BAKKEN THREE FORKS FORMATIONS The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Rotary Drilling
Horizontal Drilling JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 8
Staying in the Target Zone: Sliding & Rotating JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 9
Staying in the Target Zone
Petroleum Production JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 11
Vern Whitten Photography
Conventional Reservoir vs Unconventional Reservoir Lodgepole mound Middle Bakken
JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 17
JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 18
JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 20
JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 21
Fracture Monitoring
Statewide Well Performance Average BKN/TF Well Performance in Williams, McKenzie, Dunn, & Mountrail Counties (Minimum 1 bopd) JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 25
Statewide Well Performance Average BKN/TF Well Performance in Williams, McKenzie, Dunn, & Mountrail Counties (Minimum 1 bopd) JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 26
51 Active Drilling Rigs April 17, 2017 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 27
6,817 Wells Peak Month Minimum 400 BOPD $40 Wellhead OpenStreetMap contributors JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 28
3,690 Wells Peak Month Minimum 600 BOPD $40 Wellhead OpenStreetMap contributors JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 29
1,613 Wells Peak Month Minimum 800 BOPD $40 Wellhead OpenStreetMap contributors JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 30
645 Wells Peak Month Minimum 1,000 BOPD $40 Wellhead OpenStreetMap contributors JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 31
227 Wells Peak Month Minimum 1,250 BOPD $40 Wellhead OpenStreetMap contributors JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 32
72 Wells Peak Month Minimum 1,500 BOPD $40 Wellhead OpenStreetMap contributors JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 33
The roads they traveled were generally poor, if they existed at all. Weather sometimes made even the shortest passage from the wellhead impossible. A dilemma arose concerning what to do with the blessedly continuous production of oil when the roads became hopelessly mired. It s 1860 s Pennsylvania! Excerpt from: Oil & Gas Pipelines in Nontechnical Language
Source: Bridger Pipeline
Why Pipelines? Safest and most economical way to transport liquid products over large distances. The US pipeline infrastructure is crucial to our economy, safety, and living standards. Pipelines carry all kinds of products including oil, natural gas, gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, heating oil, carbon dioxide, and water.
Where are the Pipelines?
Oil Pipelines: From the Wellhead to Consumers Crude Oil Gathering
Oil Pipelines: From the Wellhead to Consumers Crude Oil Gathering Crude Oil Transmission
Estimated Williston Basin Oil Transportation JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 42 42
Oil Loading Rail Facilities JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 44
Estimated ND Rail Export Volumes JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 45
Oil Loading Rail Facilities JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 46
Oil Pipelines: From the Wellhead to Consumers Crude Oil Refining Crude Oil Transmission
US Refining Markets JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 48
Major Pipelines and Refining Centers JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 49
Major Rail Lines and Refineries $52.61 $46.38 $48.26 $53.34 EIA January 2017 Refiner Acquisition Cost $49.85 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 50
Oil Pipelines: From the Wellhead to Consumers Product Distribution Refined Products Pipeline
North Dakota s Natural Gas
Natural Gas Transportation
Natural Gas Transportation Some Compressed Natural gas Trailers Now Being Utilized
Natural Gas Transportation Gathering Pipelines http://www.pecanpipeline.com/maps/mountrail.html
Natural Gas Transportation Gas Processing
Natural Gas Processing Consumer Quality Dry Natural Gas Methane 57.67% Raw Natural Gas (1400+ BTU) Processing Plant Ethane 19.94% NGL S (8-12 gpm) Y-Grade or Fractionated Propane 11.33% Butane 3.80% Natural Gasoline 1.29% JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 57
Natural Gas Transportation Transmission Pipelines
Natural Gas Transportation City Gates - Mercaptan Image: North Dakota Pipeline Association
Natural Gas Transportation Local Distribution
Major Gas Pipeline and Processing Infrastructure Whiting WBI Transmission JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 61
Natural Resources Group, LLC 2008
Natural Resources Group, LLC 2008
Natural Resources Group, LLC 2008
Natural Resources Group, LLC 2008
Natural Resources Group, LLC 2008
Natural Resources Group, LLC 2008
Williston Basin Oil Production & Export Capacity, BOPD Production forecast is for visual demonstration purposes only and should not be considered accurate for any near or long term planning. JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 75
Energy Transfer Partners: Dakota Access Successful Open Season During the First Half of 2014 450,000 BOPD Capacity to Patoka, IL (30 ) Expandable Up To 570,000 BOPD if Shipper Demand Exists Target In-service Date: May 2017 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 76 Map Source: Energy Transfer Partners 76
Patoka, IL Crude Hub Map Source: PHMSA National Pipeline Mapping System 77 JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 77
Energy Transfer Crude Oil Pipeline 78 Map Source: Energy Transfer Partners JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 78
TransCanada: Upland Pipeline Successful Open Season During 2014 Initial Capacity 220,000 BOPD (Expandable to 300,000 BOPD) Target In-service Date: 2020 Energy East Project Capacity 1.1 MMBOPD JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority Map: NEB NDPA Upland Addition 79
North Dakota Natural Gas Production Production forecast is for visual demonstration purposes only and should not be considered accurate for any near or long term planning. JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 80
Solving the Flaring Challenge GREEN % of gas captured and sold Blue % flared from zero sales wells Orange % flared from wells with at least one mcf sold. Simple Terms Blue Lack of pipelines Orange Challenges on existing infrastructure Statewide Feb 2017 Data Non-Confidential Wells JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 81
Natural Gas Processing Consumer Quality Dry Natural Gas Methane 57.67% Raw Natural Gas (1400+ BTU) Processing Plant Ethane 19.94% NGL S (8-12 gpm) Y-Grade or Fractionated Propane 11.33% Butane 3.80% Natural Gasoline 1.29% JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 82
North Dakota Captured* NGL s JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority *Non-flared NGL s & Assumes 10 GPM 83 83
Major NGL Pipeline and Processing Infrastructure Kinder JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 84
What s Next for ND IS ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY AN OPTION?
CO 2 Extraction of Oil from Bakken Rocks The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
CO 2 Extraction of Oil from Bakken Rocks CO 2 extraction of oil from samples of Middle and Lower Bakken rock. 5000 psi, 110 C (230 F) examine effect of unit cell rock size and matrix lithology. Results indicate that CO 2 can effectively extract hydrocarbons from both Middle and Lower Bakken rock matrix. The International Center for Applied Energy Technology
Contact Information Justin J. Kringstad, Director North Dakota Pipeline Authority 600 E. Boulevard Ave. Dept. 405 Bismarck, ND 58505-0840 Phone: (701)220-6227 Fax: (701)328-2820 E-mail: jjkringstad@ndpipelines.com Websites: www.pipeline.nd.gov www.northdakotapipelines.com JJ Kringstad - North Dakota Pipeline Authority 88 88