TECHNICAL REFERENCE (ICS 43.120) TECHNICAL REFERENCE FOR Electric vehicle charging system Published by SPRING Singapore 2 Bukit Merah Central Singapore 159835 SPRING Singapore Website: www.spring.gov.sg Standards Website: www.standards.org.sg
TECHNICAL REFERENCE (ICS 43.120) TECHNICAL REFERENCE FOR Electric vehicle charging system All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of the Technical Reference may be reproduced or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilming, without permission in writing from SPRING Singapore at the address below: Head Standardisation Department SPRING Singapore 2 Bukit Merah Central Singapore 159835 Telephone: 62786666 Telefax: 62786667 Email: stn@spring.gov.sg ISBN 978-981-4278-43-0
First published, 2010 NOTE 1. Users of this Technical Reference should refer to the relevant professional or experts for any technical advice on the subject matter. SPRING Singapore shall not be liable for any damages whether directly or indirectly suffered by anyone as a result of reliance on this Technical Reference. 2. Compliance with this Technical Reference does not exempt users from legal obligations. 2
Contents Page Foreword 5 CLAUSES 1 Scope and objective 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Definitions 8 4 General requirements 10 5 Source of supply 11 6 Main intake switchboard and type of earthing arrangement 11 7 Modes of EV charging and control pilot function 12 8 Protection against electric shock 15 9 Construction of public charging station for EVs 17 10 Connection between the power supply and the EV 20 11 Specific requirements for vehicle inlet, connector, plug and socket-outlet 22 12 Charging cable assembly requirements 23 ANNEXES A Control pilot function through a control pilot circuit using pulse-width modulation (PWM) and a control pilot wire 26 B Example of a circuit diagram for a basic and universal vehicle coupler 32 C Specific requirements of EVSE 36 D Standard sheets 1-I Vehicle couplers, connectors and dimensions 42 E Illustrations of EV modes of charging 47 TABLES 1 Overview of the basic vehicle interface, type 1, single-phase 20 2 Overview of the basic vehicle interface, types 2 and 3, three-phase or single-phase (under consideration) 20 3 Modes and permissible connections 21 A.1 EVSE control pilot circuit parameters 27 A.2 Vehicle control pilot circuit values and parameters 27 A.3 Description of connecting sequences 29 A.4 Pilot duty cycle provided by EVSE 29 A.5 Maximum current to be drawn by vehicle 30 A.6 EVSE timing 31 B.1 Identification of components used with basic single-phase connector 32 3
Page B.2 Component values for all drawings 33 B.3 Resistor coding for vehicle connectors and plugs (under consideration) 34 B.4 Component values for all drawings 35 C.1 Leakage touch current limits 39 FIGURES 1 Definition of cable connection methods and recommended practices 25 A.1 Typical control pilot circuit 26 A.2 Typical charging cycle under normal operating conditions 28 B.1 Mode 2 case B using the basic single-phase vehicle coupler 33 B.2 Mode 3 case C using the basic single-phase vehicle coupler 33 B.3 System for simultaneous proximity detection and current coding for Type 2 vehicle connector and plug (under consideration) 34 B.4 Diagram for current capability coding of the cable assembly 34 B.5 Mode 4 case C using the universal vehicle coupler 35 4
Foreword This Technical Reference was prepared by the Technical Committee on Electric Vehicles under the purview of the Electrical and Electronic Standards Committee (EESC). It was endorsed by EESC on 4 February 2010. In early 2009, a multi-agency Electric Vehicle Taskforce was set up to spearhead the test-bedding of electric vehicles. The aim of the test-bedding programme is to evaluate the feasibility of operating electric vehicles in Singapore through road tests, and to identify and develop supporting infrastructure, especially electric vehicle charging systems for public use. This is to prepare Singapore for the adoption of electric vehicles in the future as the technology matures. This Technical Reference was developed to serve as a best practice guide to facilitate the design, construction, operation and maintenance of an electric vehicle charging infrastructure. It also provides technical guidelines for charging of electric vehicles in domestic premises. The technical requirements are aligned with international practices and take into consideration local practices, and climatic and environmental conditions. The Technical Reference is intended to be used as a reference by the infrastructure operators, electric vehicle and equipment suppliers, building owners, managing agents for buildings, consultants, licensed electrical workers, contractors, government agencies, etc. It is envisaged that d.c. charging systems and other requirements will change as the technology evolves and such changes will be issued in the form of an addendum to this Technical Reference. This Technical Reference is not to be regarded as a Singapore Standard. This Technical Reference is made available for provisional application over a period of two years, but does not have the status of a Singapore Standard. The Technical Committee aims to use the experience and feedback gained to improve the Technical Reference so that it can be further developed to a Singapore Standard. Users of the Technical Reference are invited to comment on its technical content, ease of use and any inadequacy. Any comment can be submitted using the feedback form provided at the end of the Technical Reference and will be taken into account in the review of the publication. At the end of the two years, the Technical Reference will be reviewed by the Technical Committee to discuss any comment received and to determine its suitability as a Singapore Standard. Submission for approval by the Standards Council as a Singapore Standard will be carried out only upon agreement after the review. In preparing this Technical Reference, references were made to the following documents: 1. Singapore Standard SS CP 5 : 1998 Code of practice for electrical installations 2. IEC 61851 Electric vehicle conductive charging system Part 1 General requirements, future IEC 61851-1 Ed. 2.0 (ref 69/160/CDV) Part 1 : 2001 General requirements Part 22 : 2001 AC electric vehicle charging station 3. IEC 61296 Plugs, socket-outlets, vehicle couplers and vehicle inlets Conductive charging of electric vehicles Part 1 : 2003 Charging of electric vehicles up to 250 A a.c. and 400 A d.c. Part 2 Dimensional interchangeability requirements for a.c. pin and contact-tube accessories, future IEC 61296-2 Ed. 1.0 (ref 23H/223/CD) 5
Acknowledgement is made to the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) for permission to reproduce Information from their draft International Publications IEC 62196-2 Ed. 1.0 and IEC 61851-1 Ed. 2.0. All such extracts are copyright of IEC, Geneva, Switzerland. All rights reserved. Further information on the IEC is available from www.iec.ch. IEC has no responsibility for the placement and context in which the extracts and contents are reproduced in this document, nor is IEC in any way responsible for the other contents or accuracy therein. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Technical Reference may be the subject of patent rights. SPRING Singapore shall not be responsible for identifying any or all of such patent rights. 6
Technical Reference for electric vehicle charging system 1 Scope and objective 1.1 Scope This Technical Reference is applicable to on-board and off-board equipment for charging electric vehicles in public or private car parks, public places and private residential premises at standard a.c. supply voltages up to 1000 V and at d.c. voltages up to 1500 V. It covers the requirements for electrical installation, functional needs and safety, and connection to the electric vehicle. 1.2 Objective The objective of this Technical Reference is to provide guidelines for electric vehicle charging system that aligns with currently accepted international practices and takes into consideration local conditions. It states the safety requirements to protect person and property against electrical hazards. 2 Normative references The following reference documents are indispensable for the application of this Technical Reference. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies. SS CP 5 : 1998 SS 97 IEC 60068 IEC 60079 IEC 60245 IEC 60309 Code of practice for electrical installations Residual current operated circuit-breaker without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCCBs) Part 1 (2005) General rules Environmental testing Part 2-5 (1975)Tests Test Sa: Simulated solar radiation at ground level Part 2-30 (1980) Tests Tests Db and guidance: Damp heat, cyclic (12 + 12-hour cycle) Part 2-52 (1996) Tests Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloride solution) Part 2-75 (1997) Tests Test Eh: Hammer tests Part 2-78 (2001) Tests Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state Explosive atmospheres Rubber insulated cables. Rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Test methods Part 3: Heat resistant silicone rubber insulated cables Part 4: Cords and flexible cables Part 6: Arc welding electrode cables Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Dimensional interchangeability requirements for pin and contacttube accessories 7
IEC 60529 IEC 60664 IEC 60947 IEC 60950 IEC 61000 IEC 61140 IEC 61180 IEC 61851 IEC 62196 IEC 62262 SAE J1772 ISO 6469-2 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) Insulation coordination for equipment within low voltage systems Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests Low voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 1: General rules Safety of information technology equipment Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6-1: Generic standards Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments Part 6-3: Generic standards Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments Protection against electric shock. Common aspects for installation and equipment High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment Part 1(1992) Definitions, test and procedure requirements Electric vehicle conductive charging system Part 1(2001) : General requirements Plugs, socket-outlets, vehicle couplers and vehicle inlets Conductive charging of electric vehicles Part 1(2003): Charging of electric vehicles up to 250 A a.c. and 400 A d.c. Degrees of protection provided by enclosures for electrical equipment against external mechanical impacts (IK code) Electric vehicle conductive charge coupler Electric road vehicles Safety specifications Part 2: Functional safety means and protection against failures 3 Definitions 3.1 Adaptor A portable accessory constructed as an integral unit incorporating both a plug portion and one or more socket-outlet portions. 3.2 Adaptor cord An assembly consisting of a flexible cable or cord fitted with a non-rewirable plug and a non-rewirable connector-outlet where the plug and socket-outlet do not match. 3.3 Cable assembly A piece of equipment used to establish the connection between the electric vehicle and socket-outlet (in case A and case B) or to the fixed charger (in case C). It may be either fixed and be included in one of these devices, or detachable. It includes the flexible cable, the connector and/or the plug that are required for proper connection. NOTE 1 See Figure 1 in 12.5 for description of cases A, B and C. NOTE 2 A detachable cable assembly is not considered as a part of the fixed electrical installation. 8