EPRI HVDC Research John Chan, Ram Adapa, Bernie Clairmont & Gary Sibilant, EPRI EPRI HVDC & FACTS Conference August 30, 2011
Presentation Contents 1. Team Members 2. Research Program Objective & Scope 3. HVDC Projects 2011 & 2012 4. 2011 Activities 5. 2011 Projects 6. Supplemental Projects 2
Management Team for Program John Chan, Program Manager jchan@epri.com Tel: 650.855.2452 Ram Adapa, Technical Lead radapa@epri.com Tel: 650.855.8988 Bernie Clairmont, Project Manager bclairmont@epri.com Tel: 413.445.3708 Gary Sibilant, Project Manager gsibilant@epri.com Tel: 704.595.2598 3
HVDC Transmission Program Objective Provide information, data & tools to enable members to make decisions on HVDC systems and their components. Information and data may be generated internally or externally. 4
HVDC Transmission Program Scope Bulk power transfer over long distances Connecting load centers with renewable resources Other applications such as: AC line to DC line conversion for power increase Segmentation of AC grid with DC for improved reliability NOT in the development of equipment but rather work closely with manufacturers 5
HVDC Transmission Focus Technology awareness to take advantage of HVDC technologies Data and information for the selection and replacement of a HVDC system and its components HVDC concepts to improve system reliability, to increase capacities and to interconnect renewable power sources Pole 1 + Pole 2 Pole 3 - +/- 6
L HVDC Systems Knowledge Capture & Application Guide System Life Extension HVDC Reference (Olive Book) Pole 1 + Concept & Technology Evaluation Pole 2 - Pole 3 +/- Tri-pole Conversion Live Working Transmission line line V L Transformer II inductance V 0 V 0 V V dc dc Voltage sourced Sourced inverter Inverter DC DC capacitor Voltage source converter with controlled output voltage If V L =V 0, I = 0 If V L <V 0, I = capacitive If V L >V 0, I = inductive Voltage Source Converter DC Grid Testing and Assessment Electrical Effects HVDC Insulators Line & Station Components Technology Application & Demo ± 800 kv DC AC to DC Line Conversion Short Term System Performance Enhancement DC Tap Off/Breaker Long Term 7
P162 HVDC Systems - 2011 PS162A HVDC Technology Assessment and Evaluation 162.003 HVDC Technology Surveillance and Reference 162.004 AC to DC Line Conversion and Hybrid Rights-of-Way PS162B 162.005 162.006 HVDC Performance and Effects HVDC System Performance and Component Testing Electrical Effects of HVDC 8
P162 HVDC Systems - 2012 PS162A HVDC Technology Assessment and Evaluation 162.003 162.004 162.009 HVDC Technology Surveillance and Reference Applications of HVDC Technology and New Developments Integrating HVDC in an AC Grid PS162B 162.005 162.006 HVDC Performance and Effects HVDC System Performance and Component Testing Electrical Effects of HVDC 9
HVDC Transmission New Portfolio Features and Changes Addition of: P162.009 - Integrating HVDC into an AC Grid Tasks in 2012: Power flow control optimization Power oscillation damping methods Wide area control systems 10
P162.003 HVDC Technology Surveillance and Reference Guidelines Provide technology awareness Technology Watch newsletters HVDC conference and workshop HVDC & FACTS Conference Aug 30 & 31, 2011 - Palo Alto, CA Transmission line line L V L Transformer II inductance V 0 V 0 V V dc dc Voltage sourced Sourced inverter Inverter DC DC capacitor Voltage source converter with controlled output voltage If V L =V 0, I = 0 If V L <V 0, I = capacitive If V L >V 0, I = inductive Provide state-of-art information and applications about HVDC technology HVDC reference book Products: HVDC Tech Watch newsletter Studies and Analysis Chapters to HVDC reference book 11
P162.003: HVDC Reference Book 24 Chapters 1. Introduction 2. Overview of HVDC Transmission 3. Analysis of Converter Operation 4. Configurations of HVDC Transmission Systems 5. Components of an HVDC Transmission System 6. Planning and System Design 7. Control and Protection 8. Reactive Power 9. AC-DC Interactions 10. Interference Effects from Converter Operation 11. Insulation Coordination 12. Converter Station Equipment 12
P162.003: HVDC Reference Book 24 Chapters (continued) 13. DC Transmission with Voltage Source Converters 14. DC Trans with Series Cap Compensated Converters 15. Overhead Lines for HVDC Transmission 16. HVDC Cables 17. Simulation of HVDC Systems 18. Reliability and Availability 19. System Efficiency 20. HVDC System Cost Estimates 21. System Studies 22. Commissioning of HVDC Systems 23. HVDC Project Implementation 24. Operation and Maintenance 13
P162.004 : AC to DC Line Conversion and Hybrid Rights-of-Way Provide comprehensive analysis and comparison of technology options for AC/DC line conversion Work with utilities i to demonstrate AC to DC Line Conversion New focus of this project Application of HVDC Technology to Renewable Integration & New VSC Developments DC Grids and DC Circuit Breaker requirements DC Line on left and AC Line on right 14
P162.004: AC/DC Line Conversion Evaluate DC capability of existing AC structures for upgrade to higher capacity. Demonstration to be done under supplemental funding Pole 1 + a C b A Pole 2 - c B Pole 3 +/- 15
P162.004: Range of Conversion Gains pu of prio or ac circui it MW Gain in path MW - 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0.00 Horizontal Vertical Delta X Hybrid + 2 Ckt dc 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Prior ac Voltage - kv 16
P162.009: Integrating HVDC into an AC Grid New project in 2012 Planning studies to evaluate impact of HVDC connections on AC Grid Power flow control optimization Power oscillation damping methods Wide area control systems Transmission loss optimization Special protection & control schemes Trans requirements for wind integration Coordination of dc control with ac network controls Transient stability improvements & fault recovery Sub-synchronous resonance damping enhancement HVDC models 17
P162.005 HVDC System Performance and Component Testing Provide performance data on HVDC line components Provide benchmarking results of HVDC system performance and identify areas for improvement DC arc AC arc Monopolar HVDC Tower and Line DC versus AC insulator Arc DC Polymer Insulator Aging 18
P162.005: Performance Benchmarking 2011 Scope Conductor Selection A theoretical study of the optimal conductor selection for DC, including the High Temperature Low Sag (HTLS) conductors 19
P162.005: Live Line Studies and Insulator Aging g - 2011 Scope Onset E-field levels Dry Corona and possibly Wet Corona Obtain polymer insulator service experience from utilities Define questions for questionnaire Obtain information from manufacturers on the differences between AC and DC polymer insulators HVDC Live Line Studies Hot-sticks Testing Compare AC to Positive/Negative DC 20
P162.006 Electrical Effects of HVDC Provide information and data on electrical effects of HVDC transmission lines from measurements Electrical Effects include: Corona and field effects (audible noise, radio interference, EMI, electric fields, space charge effects, human sensations etc.) Hybrid transmission (HVAC and HVDC in close proximity) to be included Investigate and demonstrate mitigation techniques Full and small-scale l test t lines Algorithms/software being developed Training, documentation of results 21
P162.006: 2011 Scope Full-Scale Tests: To better understand HVDC corona source characterization, and field and ion production Improve HVDC Degree of Saturation Model Develop improved algorithms for software developments in 2012 Verify algorithms Technical Update documenting results to be delivered 22
P162.006: 2011 Progress Full-scale test line configured Field and ion instruments being prepared Initial tests t of corona source characterization underway 23
Supplemental Projects Project Managers: John Chan, Ram Adapa, Bernie Clairmont, Gary Sibilant #of Title Highlight Funders FACTS Application Guidelines and doperating Strategiest Application of HVDC Cable for Power Transfer EPRI HVDC Cable Interest Group HVDC Testing at the EPRI Lenox Laboratory Life Extension Guidelines Application to HVDC Converter Stations 2 4 1 1 Provide guidelines for new applications and work on operating systems HVDC Cable applications for Wind Integration & Power Grid Interconnection, interest group starting now Confirmation of line or component performance before upgrade or conversion to DC; DC insulator evaluations Develop and apply guidelines to improve converter performance and maximize use of existing assets 24
FACTS Application Guidelines and Operating Strategies Objectives and Scope Investigate and evaluate feasible FACTS applications Explore schemes and techniques to reduce FACTS system costs Develop strategies to replace outdated systems Value Increase throughput of existing corridors Reduce overall cost of transmission Improve grid reliability & performance Form a component of the SMART Transmission Grid Project Manager: Ram Adapa E-mail: radapa@epri.com Telephone: (650) 855-8988 25
b a c C A B HVDC Systems Reports & Reference Books Development Information Life Extension Guidelines of Existing HVDC Systems- Converter stations & Transmission Lines Product #1013976 & 1016068 Published 2007 & 2008 Project Manager: Ram Adapa Transmission line line L V L Transformer II inductance V 0 V 0 Voltage sourced Sourced inverter Inverter DC DC capacitor V V dc dc Voltage source converter with controlled output voltage If V L =V 0, I = 0 If V L <V 0, I = capacitive If V L >V 0, I = inductive Assessment and Evaluation of Next Generation HVDC Technologies Product ID# 1016070 Published: 2008 Project Manager: Ram Adapa Interim HVDC Reference Book:12 Chapters Advanced HVDC Systems at +/- 800 kv and Above Product # 1022330 Product #1013857 Publishing Date: 2010 Published : 2007 Project Manager: Ram Adapa Project Manager: Ram Adapa AC to DC Power Transmission Conversion Product ID# 1020114 Published: 2010 Project Manager: Ram Adapa Final HVDC Reference Book (Olive Book) Product # : TBD Published Date: Due in 2012 Project Manager: Ram Adapa 26
Together Shaping the Future of Electricity 27