Exhaust Based Automated Manual Transmission System for Vehicles Ron Prodhan Student (B.Tech.), Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Management, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091, West Bengal, India Abstract-This paper describes an innovative approach of reusing waste automobile exhaust. In this design I am using automobile exhaust and converting them into a working fluid for powering automobile gear system. The main purpose of this design is to claim maximum amount of energy which would be lost out from the vehicle. This paper is a green technology based design which is also an innovative approach for designing an automated manual transmission. Keywords- exhaust based pneumatic double acting piston type actuating cylinder; automatic control of manual transmission; exhaust based transmission system; green technology. I. INTRODUCTION This system is a system which is compatible with all kinds of automobile which run on manual transmission systems. This is basically automated control of manual transmission system. This system will require zero energy output from a vehicle as it will employ the automobile exhaust which is released from the engine of the car. That is the force of the engine exhaust is the main working fluid. Moreover minimum possible changes are employed to a manual transmission system automobile when it is converted to an auto transmission type vehicle. This system can be easily integrated in all manual transmission based automobiles. Therefore the working cost and maintenance cost of this proposed auto transmission system is lower than all other existing systems. II. MECHANICAL DESIGN OF THE SYSTEM This new automated manual transmission system will use a regular gearbox used in a five speed manual transmission system. In this arrangement and all other manual transmission system, each gear is engaged to the drive shaft with the help of a collar. The collar of the first and second gear is attached to a single shaft which is controlled by the user with the help of a joystick. In the same way the third and fourth; the fifth and reverse are attached to a single shaft connected collar [5]. This part will be automated in this design. The joystick that the user uses for manually engaging the gears to the power train will be replaced by a mechanical system powered by automobile exhaust. This mechanical system will consist of two solenoid valves which will direct the exhaust. Figure 1. Pneumatic Gear Engaging Mechanism ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 164
III. GEAR AUTOMATION PART DESIGN This will consist of a pneumatic cylinder which will be actuated by the automobile exhaust. This pneumatic cylinder would be electromagnetically controlled. The fluid shown in the diagram is present in a chamber. This fluid is a special fluid which is commercially available and known by the name FERROFLUID. This fluid has nano-size iron particles which get attracted towards a magnetic field and become a solid due to coagulation [4]. This special property of the fluid will be used to ensure that the actuating rod moves only in one IV. direction. The complete design is shown in figure 1 and figure 2. WORKING OF THE MECHANICAL PART At the presence of magnetic field the housing chamber will remain fixed in its position. The shaft shown in the last two diagrams is free to move but is constrained by the thrust plate as shown in the next diagram. When one of the housing chambers is energized the shaft can move in the other direction only. As it is constricted close to the neck of the thrust plate, when the thrust plate receives the exhaust, it pushes the shaft along with itself in the direction of the exhaust.. Figure 2. Pneumatic Gear Engaging Mechanism(2) When the next or previous gear is applied the solenoid valves are interchanged and the other housing chamber is energized and previous one deenergized. If the gear pair is to remain at neutral both the housing chambers are energized. This locks the shaft between the two housing chambers. ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 165
Fig 3. Actuation Of First, Third, And Fifth Gears The first, fifth and third gear are energized by the same solenoid valve. The second, fourth and reverse gear are simultaneously actuated by another solenoid valve. This is shown in the figures given below. The order in which the two solenoid valves control the exhaust flow is shown in figure 3 and 4. Fig 4. Actuation Of Second, Fourth And Reverse Gears This will initiate the forward and backward motion of all three pairs of gears. The transition made will affect all three gears and so an electromagnetic control is described in the next section. This will direct the control to the desired gear. ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 166
Fig 5. Electromagnets Placed On The Pneumatic Cylinder V. ELECTRONIC CONTROL Electonic control will consist of a dynamo attached to the crank shaft of the vehicle. The voltage generated will be used for triggering the gears [2]. The control will be done through electromagnets placed on the pneumatic cylinder. The arrangement of the electromagnets is shown in figure 5. The electromagnets when activated will lock the fluid housing chamber. This would allow only one directional motion of the shaft. This would ensure that the desired gear of the three gears is activated. The desired gear is activated by a simple switching arrangement as shown. The electromagnet will be triggered using the circuit shown in figure 6 [1]. Fig 6. Electronic Gearing Control ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 167
VI. CONCLUSION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This arrangement is not limited to five speed gearbox. It can be increased for any odd number of gears and a reverse gear. The total number of gears must be even. It can be easily integrated with paddle shift gears. With simple modification of the above circuit, the modifications to the gearing system can be done. This is a perfectly flexible system for easy integration in any automobile. REFERENCES 1. A. S. Sedra and K.C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Oxford University Press, India, 2013 2. B.L. Theraja, A Textbook of Electrical Technology, S.Chand & Company Pvt. Ltd. India, 2013. I would like to give my sincerest and heartiest thanks to my professors for their support encouragement and invaluable detailed advices on grammar, organization, content, and the theme of the paper. I would like to thank from the core of my heart to my parents for their constant support in this endeavor. 3. Ferrofluid, From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ferrofluid 4. Manual transmission, From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/manual_trans mission ISSN: 2231-5381 http://www.ijettjournal.org Page 168