A Correlation of Introduction to Automotive Service To the South Carolina Curriculum Standards for
INTRODUCTION This document demonstrates how meets the for Automotive Technology 1 and 2. Correlation references are Student Edition and are cited at the page level. has been created specifically for high school students beginning their automotive education. This book serves to lay a foundation of automotive knowledge upon which students will continue to build throughout their education. It provides a comprehensive introduction systems of the modern automobile, basic services, and maintenance procedures as well as rudiments of diagnostics. The Student Edition is designed to fulfill the requirements of the ASE general service technician certification or any basic automotive introductory course. It covers shop safety, use of service information, automotive careers, use of power tools, hand tools and shop equipment, automotive electronics and electricity, engine performance, brakes, steering and suspension, manual drive train, automatic drive train, and air conditioning. This lavishly illustrated textbook also includes excellent coverage of hybrids, alternative fuels, and emission controls. Additional online instructor resources include PowerPoints for classroom presentations, test item file, and an image bank. NATEF knowledge-level skill; P1, P2, or P3 NATEF performance-level skill 2
AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY 1 and 2 The Automotive Technology program The sequence of courses is at the discretion of the instructor. NATEF requires a minimum certification in four occupational areas (Brakes, Electrical/Electronics, Engine Performance and Suspension/Steering) for program certification. Unit 1 Automotive Technician Career 1. Identify the major systems of an automobile and briefly explain each system s purpose.* SE: 2-7, 8, 152, 156, 217, 221-223, 225-228, 238, 251-253, 259, 284, 291, 333 2. Identify the basic duties of key automotive dealership personnel and the career opportunities available in the automotive industry.* Unit 4 Safety 1. Identify shop hazards and explain the necessary steps to avoid personal injury or property damage.* 2. Define the steps required to avoid fire in the shop.* 3. Demonstrate the proper selection and operation of a fire extinguisher.* 4. Identify the necessary steps for personal safety in the shop.* 5. Identify personal protective equipment such as safety glasses and explain their use in an automotive shop and the importance of that use.* 6. Demonstrate how to protect your hands from the hazards found in an automotive shop.* 7. Describe how to properly lift a heavy object and demonstrate the process.* 8. Define the special training and necessary first aid steps required to deal with blood borne pathogens.* 9. Demonstrate the safe use and proper maintenance of pneumatic and hydraulic tools including vehicle lifts.* 10. Identify, describe, and record all unsafe or potentially unsafe conditions or acts, environmental noncompliance, malfunctions, and health or industrial hygiene problems.* SE: 11-14, 15-16, 17, 24, 27-30, 31-34, 35-39 Throughout the text there are Safety Tips and Warnings: see pages IV-V SE: 36, 48-54, 56-66, 93, 173-179 SE: 50, 52-53, 62-63, 65 SE: 52-54 SE: 48-50, 56-66, 93, 160 SE: 48-49, 65 SE: 48-49, 60, 103-104 SE: 49-50 SE: An opportunity to address this topic may be 48-54 SE: 49-50, 54, 173-179 SE: 48-54, 56-66 NATEF knowledge-level skill; P1, P2, or P3 NATEF performance-level skill 3
Unit 5 HAZ-MAT 1. Identify and define hazardous materials by chemical and physical properties, such as color, corrosivity, density, flammability, reactivity, specific gravity, and toxicity.* 2. Define the hazardous-materials and hazardous-waste emergency-situations regulatory process.* 3. Identify the airborne gases found in the automotive shop and explain the hazards that they present.* 4. Demonstrate the required methods to use when cleaning brake and clutch components.* 5. Define the process for hazardous material spill control in an automotive shop.* 6. Apply federal, state, and local regulations when storing and disposing of chemical materials and waste and know where to find current information about implementing these regulations.* 7. Maintain, understand, and follow material safety data sheets (MSDS).* 8. Read and interpret the appropriate MSDS for proper hazard recognition and safety precautions when handling automotive materials.* SE: 56-66 SE: 56-66 SE: 36, 57-58 SE: 57-58 SE: 59-63 SE: 56-66 SE: 57 SE: 57 9. Be familiar with right to know legislation.* SE: 57 Units 7, 8, and 9 Tools & Equipment 1. Identify, select, and demonstrate the proper use of common hand tools used in the automotive industry.* 2. Demonstrate the proper use and maintenance of power and pneumatic tools found in the Automotive Shop.* 3. Identify different types of torque wrenches and demonstrate their proper usage.* SE: 68, 70-72, 76-77, 79-94, 107-115, 312-313 SE: 96-106 SE: 9-80 4. Repair internal and external threads.* SE: 70-71, 75-77 NATEF knowledge-level skill; P1, P2, or P3 NATEF performance-level skill 4
5. Define the following terms: clamping force, tensile strength, yield strength, and shear strength.* 6. Identify the different types of fasteners and their grades or property classes.* 7. Calculate any conversions such as English to metric and fractions to decimals.* 8. Make Celsius or Fahrenheit measurements for the base unit of degrees for temperature; read and apply a thermometer.* 9. Identify the units of measurement in automotive repair and determine the measurement technique.* 10. Use and read linear measuring devices, tape measure, ruler, etc.* 11. Know when to use measurement tools for distance, length, angle, mass, weight, pressure, volume, and/or temperature.* 12. Outline the operating principles of a standard English and metric micrometer and name the components.* SE: 69, 74-75 SE: 67-70, 72, 73-74 SE: 107-108 SE: 107 SE: 107-115 SE: 108-115 SE: 108-115 SE: 108, 114 13. Read an English micrometer.* SE: 108-112, 114 14. Read a metric micrometer.* SE: 108-112, 114 15. Demonstrate how to properly set up, preload, and read a dial indicator.* 16. Match the appropriate tools to measurement needs to make a measurement based on accuracy, precision, and tolerance requirements or other criteria.* Unit 2 Communication 1. Use computer to acquire, organize, analyze, and communicate information.* 2. Interpret and communicate information select and analyze information and communicate the results to others using oral, written, graphic, pictorial, or multimedia methods.* SE: 111-112 SE: 107-115 SE: 15-17, 22, 27, 28-30, 31-32, 118-120, 279 SE: 15-17, 22, 27, 28-30, 31-32, 36 NATEF knowledge-level skill; P1, P2, or P3 NATEF performance-level skill 5
3. Analyze the source of the problem or reason for a decision by clarifying and validating root causes.* SE: 32, 312-315 4. Skills-USA VICA (AYES) PDP Level 1 and 2* SE: Professional Development, see: 20, 27-39 5. Skills-USA VICA (AYES) PDP Level 1 and 2* SE: Professional Development, see: 20, 27-39 6. Apply and explain the use of the OEM service manual and electronic service information as information resources in locating automotive information.* 7. Use logical steps and analysis to identify relevant diagrams, details, facts, and specifications used in automotive service manuals.* 8. Collect and organize information from library resources, reference books, and electronic databases.* Vehicle Maint & Prep 1. Check windshield washer fluid and other fluid levels.* SE: 116-122 SE: 116-122 SE: 116-122 SE: 161, 163-168, 170-171, 360-361 2. Check seat belts.* SE: 251-257 3. Check and replace wiper blades.* SE: 161 4. Check security systems.* SE: 225-237, 251-257 5. Wash and polish a vehicle.* SE: 160-161 A6 ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONICS 50-HOURS (31 tasks) 1. Explain atomic theory in relation to battery SE: 196-201 operation using like and unlike charges.* 2. Define the term valence and its meaning to electricity.* 3. Explain the terms conductor, insulator, and semi-conductor; differentiate between their functions.* 4. Define voltage, current, resistance, voltage drop, and conductance.* SE: 197 SE: 197-198 SE: 199-201 NATEF knowledge-level skill; P1, P2, or P3 NATEF performance-level skill 6
5. Define the two theories of current flow, conventional and electron, and explain which one the automotive industry uses and why.* 6. Explain the difference between DC and AC current.* 7. Demonstrate the proper use of a digital multimeter (DMM) during diagnosis of electrical circuit problems.*(p1) 8. Using Ohm's law, calculate voltage, current, and resistance.* 9. Identify and use automotive symbols, schematics, and diagrams.* 10. Check electrical circuits with a test light; determine necessary action.*(p2) 11. Check electrical circuits using fused jumper wires; determine necessary action.*(p2) 12. Describe the purpose and operation of a battery.* 13. Explain battery ratings, Cold Cranking Amps (CCA), and Reserve Capacity (RC) ratings.* SE: 198-199 SE: 209, 215 SE: 209-216 SE: 204-206 SE: 202-204 SE: 209 SE: 208-209 SE: 199, 202-206, 217 SE: 217-218 14. Identify battery safety procedures.* SE: 218, 222 15. Inspect, clean, fill, and replace battery.*(p2) SE: 218-219 16. Perform slow/fast battery charge.*(p2) SE: 221 17. Inspect and clean battery cables, connectors, clamps, and hold-downs; repair or replace as needed.*(p1) 18. Start a vehicle using jumper cables and a battery or auxiliary power supply according to manufacturer s recommended specifications.*(p1) 19. Perform battery state-of-charge tests; determine needed service.*(p1) 20. Perform battery capacity (load, high-rate discharge) test; determine needed service.*(p1) SE: 218-219, 222 SE: 221, 307 SE: 219-222 SE: 220 NATEF knowledge-level skill; P1, P2, or P3 NATEF performance-level skill 7
21. Perform charging system output test and determine necessary action.*(p1) 22. Inspect, adjust, or replace generator (alternator) drive belts, pulleys, and tensioners; check pulley and belt alignment.*(p2) 23. Perform starter current draw tests; determine necessary action.*(p1) 24. Perform starter circuit voltage drop tests; determine necessary action.*(p1) SE: 223 SE: 169-170 SE: 219-221 SE: 221-222 25. Remove and replace/reinstall starter.*(p1) SE: 221-222 26. Repair wiring harnesses and connectors.*(p1) 27. Perform solder repair of electrical wiring.*(p1) 28. Describe the different types of headlight systems.* 29. Inspect, replace, and aim headlights and bulbs.*(p2) 30. Inspect and test sensors, connectors, and wires of electronic instrument circuits; determine necessary action.*(p2) 31. Remove and reinstall door panel and instrument panel (dash) panel.*(p1) A5 BRAKES: 35-HOURS (13 tasks) 1. Identify and interpret the operation of hydraulic brake systems.* 2. Identify and interpret the operation of disc/drum brake systems.* 3. Select, handle, store, and install brake fluids to proper level.*(p1) SE: 217-222, 255 SE: 217-222, 255 SE: 238, 243-246 SE: 247-249 SE: 225-237, 238-250 SE: 225-237 SE: 326-329 SE: 325-326, 328-331 SE: 162-165, 309 NATEF knowledge-level skill; P1, P2, or P3 NATEF performance-level skill 8
4. Bleed (manual, pressure, vacuum, or surge) brake system.*(p1) SE: 162-165, 309 5. Inspect and replace wheel studs.*(p1) SE: 320-321, 326 6. Remove and reinstall sealed wheel-bearing assembly.*(p2) 7. Remove, clean, and inspect pads and remaining hardware; determine necessary action.*(p1) 8. Clean, inspect, and measure rotor for run-out, parallelism, and minimum thickness using a dial indicator and a micrometer; follow manufacturer s recommendations in determining need to machine or replace.*(p1) 9. Use a dial indicator to measure total indicator runout (TIR).* 10. Remove, clean (using proper safety procedures), inspect, and measure brake drums; determine necessary action.*(p1) 11. Remove, clean, and inspect brake shoes, springs, pins, clips, levers, adjusters/selfadjusters, other related brake hardware, and backing support plates; lubricate and reassemble.*(p1) 12. Preadjust brake shoes and parking brake before installing brake drums or drum/hub assemblies and wheel bearings.*(p1) 13. Install wheel, torque lug nuts, and make final checks and adjustments. * (P1) SE: 320-321 SE: 325, 330-331 SE: 325-326, 328-331 SE: 330-331 SE: 328-330 SE: 328-331 SE: 327, 330-331 SE: 321-323 A4 SUSPENSION & STEERING: 30-HOURS (22 tasks) 1. Identify terms and definitions associated with SE: 333, 338-342 steering systems. * 2. Inspect power steering fluid levels and condition. (P1) * 3. Flush, fill, and bleed power steering system. (P2) * SE: 170-171 SE: 170-171 NATEF knowledge-level skill; P1, P2, or P3 NATEF performance-level skill 9
4. Inspect, replace, and adjust power steering pump belt. * (P1) 5. Inspect and replace power steering hoses and fittings. * (P2) 6. Inspect manual or power rack-and-pinion steering gear, tie rod ends and bellows boots. * (P1) 7. Inspect, replace, and adjust tie rod ends (Sockets), tie rod sleeves, and clamps. * (P1) 8. Lubricate suspension and steering systems. * (P1) 9. Identify terms and definitions associated with suspension systems and components. * 10. Identify the different types of wheel bearings and explain their operation. * 11. Inspect, remove, and replace shock absorbers. * (P1) 12. Remove, inspect, and install strut cartridge or assembly, strut coil spring, insulators (silencers), and upper strut bearing mount. * (P1) 13. Remove, inspect, and service or replace front and rear wheel bearings. * (P1) 14. Identify the basic characteristics of an automobile tire and explain the three basic types of passenger tire construction. * 15. Identify and explain the types of tire ratings to include tire size ratings and spare tires. * 16. Differentiate between dynamic and static wheel balance. * 17. Inspect tires; check and adjust air pressure. * (P1) 18. Rotate tires according to manufacturer s recommendations. * (P1) SE: 169-171 found on the following pages SE: 170-171 SE: 338-341 SE: 340-341 SE: 341 SE: 333-338 SE: 325-331 SE: 337-338 SE: 334-338 SE: 325-331 SE: 316-319 SE: 318-319 SE: 321-323 SE: 321 SE: 322-323 NATEF knowledge-level skill; P1, P2, or P3 NATEF performance-level skill 10
19. Dismount, inspect, repair, and remount tire on wheel. * (P2) SE: 323 20. Reinstall wheel; torque lug nuts. * (P1) SE: 323 21. Inspect and repair a tire. * (P2) SE: 321-323 22. Balance wheel and tire assembly (static and dynamic). * (P1) SE: 321-323 A8 ENGINE PERFORMANCE 35 HOURS (19 Tasks) 1. Recognize and identify the physical and SE: 130-137 chemical operating principles associated with automotive gasoline engines. * 2. Explain and calculate engine compression ratio. * 3. Explain the following performance factors: speed, work, torque, and horsepower. * SE: 138-139 SE: 139-140 4. Perform oil and filter change. * (P2) SE: 183-187 5. Explain the operation of the primary fuel system including fuel tank, pumps, filters, fittings, and lines. * 6. Inspect and test mechanical and electrical fuel pumps and pump control systems for pressure, regulation and volume; perform necessary action. * (P1) SE: 5, 132, 291-295 SE: 291-295 7. Replace fuel filters. * (P1) SE: 132, 291-292 8. Inspect throttle body, air induction system, intake manifold and gaskets for vacuum leaks and/or unmetered air. * (P2) SE: 291-295 9. Check idle speed and fuel mixture. * (P2) SE: 282, 292-294 10. Perform cooling system pressure tests; check coolant condition; inspect and test radiator, pressure cap, coolant recovery tank, and hoses; perform necessary action. * (P1) SE: 5, 131, 156-158 11. Remove and replace thermostat. * (P2) SE: 5, 131, 156 12. Explain the operation of the positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system. * SE: 5, 297-298 NATEF knowledge-level skill; P1, P2, or P3 NATEF performance-level skill 11
13. Inspect and test positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) filter/breather cap, valve, tubes, orifices, and hoses; perform necessary action. * (P2) 14. Retrieve and record active and stored OBD I and OBD II diagnostic trouble codes (DTC) and clear codes. * (P1) 15. Explain how distributor and distributorless ignition systems generate and time an ignition spark through the primary and secondary circuits. * 16. Inspect and test ignition system secondary circuit wiring and components; replace as needed. * (P2) 17. Check and adjust (where applicable) ignition system timing and timing advance/retard. * (P3) SE: 5, 297-298 SE: 120, 156, 313-315 SE: 5, 284-288 SE: 285-289 SE: 285 A7 HEATING/AC 21 HOURS (7 Tasks) 1. Remove and replace radiator. * (P2) ** SE: 5 Further opportunity to address this topic may be SE: 156-158 2. Inspect, test, remove, and replace water pump. * (P2) ** 3. Performance test A/C system; diagnose A/C system malfunctions using principles of refrigeration. * (P1) ** 4. Inspect A/C compressor drive belts; replace and adjust as needed. * (P2) ** 5. Inspect, test, and replace A/C compressor clutch components or assembly. * (P2) ** 6. Check operation of automatic and semiautomatic heating control valves; determine necessary action. * (P3) ** 7. Determine coolant condition, drain and recover, flush system and refill with recommended coolant, and bleed system. * (P1) ** SE: 5, 85, 156 SE: 259-267 SE: 169-170 SE: 262-263 SE: 259-267 SE: 263, 265 NATEF knowledge-level skill; P1, P2, or P3 NATEF performance-level skill 12
A2 Automatic Transmission/Transaxle 5 HOURS (2 Tasks) 1. Identify the major drive train components and SE: 343-354, 355-363 explain their purpose. ** 2. Service transmission; perform visual inspection; replace fluids and filters. * (P1) ** SE: 360-363 A3_Manual Drive Train & Rear Axles 15 HOURS (7 Tasks) 1. Identify axle configurations. ** SE: 350-351 2. Inspect and flush differential housing and refill with correct lubricant. * (P2) ** 3. Inspect clutch pedal linkage, cables, automatic adjuster mechanisms, brackets, bushings, pivots, and springs; perform necessary action. * (P1) ** 4. Inspect, adjust, repair or replace hydraulic clutch slave and master cylinders, lines, and hoses. * (P1) ** SE: 350-351 SE: 343-346 SE: 343-346 5. Inspect release (throw-out) bearing, lever, and pivot; determine necessary action. * (P2) ** 6. Inspect and reinstall speedometer drive gear, driven gear, vehicle speed sensor (VSS), and retainers. * (P2) ** 7. Inspect, service, and replace shafts, yokes, boots, and CV joints. * (P1) ** SE: 343-346 SE: 281, 348-350 SE: 343-346, 348-350 NATEF knowledge-level skill; P1, P2, or P3 NATEF performance-level skill 13