The ProNova SC360 Gantry! Modern Hadron Therapy Gantry Developments 16 Jan to 17 Jan 2014 Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury UK
Speaker Laddie (Vladimir) Derenchuk! Director of Physics! ProNova Solutions, LLC! Knoxville, TN! Laddie.Derenchuk@! Thanks so much to the organizers for providing me with an opportunity to make this presentation and for the excellent support in coordinating my travel.
Primary Contributors to This Presentation!! Vladimir Anferov, Sr. Physicist! ProCure Treatment Centers,! ProNova Solutions!! Jon Huber, Director of Engineering! ProNova Solutions!! Jon Treffert, Director of Software and Imaging! ProNova Solutions!! ProNova Marketing Team!
U.S. Proton Therapy Centers! Knoxville In Operation (13) Under Construction (11) Under Development (21)
Operating Proton Centers in the U.S.! ProCure Mass General ProCure UPenn ProCure Loma Linda ProCure Barnes Jewish Indiana University Knoxville Hampton University M.D. Anderson University of Florida Knoxville, Tennessee In Operation
Provision Center for Proton Therapy ProNova Treatment rooms Knoxville Facility 1 st Floor IBA Treatment rooms Cyclotron Health Alliance 6!
ProNova Solutions, LLC Key Partners Cryomagne?cs Inc. Design Concepts, Inc. Indiana University Cyclotron Opera?ons Indiana University Health PTC (formerly MPRI) ProCure Treatment Centers Provision Center for Proton Therapy Provision Health Alliance Sumitomo Heavy Industries
SC360 Efficient 2-Room Solution! Superconducting gantry! Rectangular treatment room! Dual ESS with Rapid switching! Permanent magnet beamline! 3D imaging with PET! Superconducting Gantry! Superconducting Cyclotron! Dual Energy Selection Systems! CBCT / PET / CT at isocenter! About 30 m x 19 m Including shielding PBS & UBS Nozzle! Patient Positioning Robot! 360 Gantry Rotation! Disclaimer: The ProNova SC360 has not been cleared by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for commercial distribution in the U.S. and is not available for commercial distribution at this time
History: SC360 Superconducting Gantry 2010 SBIR awarded to John Cameron, ProCure! 2011 Alpha magnet under design ProCure/MIT! 2012 ProNova licenses SC gantry from ProCure! Alpha magnet under test at ProCure Bloomington! 2013 Full field dipole test successful at Cryomagnetics! 2014 First production equivalent achromat under construction at Cryomagnetics! Note: Provisional Patent Applications filed by ProCure June Compact 2010 Isocentric Gantry describing the use of SC achromats in a gantry and by ProNova Proton Treatment Gantry System describing the implementation of the SC achromats in a gantry.! http://science.energy.gov/~/media/hep/pdf/accelerator-rd-stewardship/report.pdf
System Concept Local 2 room facility optimized for low cost.!! - Low Capital cost:! a) Inexpensive and reliable accelerator! b) Low cost gantry + simple fixed beam line! c) Inexpensive nozzle! d) Volume of Shielding (i.e. small footprint, low beam losses)!! - Low Commissioning cost! a) Simple standard nozzle identical in all rooms! - Low Operating Cost! a) Throughput (positioning)! b) Maintenance cost! c) Machine operators or Fully automatic! d) Utilities (AC power and water)!!
What drives Gantry cost? Gantry Size! - Nozzle space ~ 2.5 to 3 m! - Geometry (iso-centric, non-orthogonal, etc)! - Maximum energy vs. max magnet field! Gantry Weight! - Gantry size! - Magnet weight!! Gantry Complexity! - Non-standard nozzle! - Alignment, Tuning, Servicing!! 16-Jan-2014
Reducing Gantry Cost: Choices - 1 Gantry must match with the rest of PTS:! - Compatible with the nozzle! - Compatible with the accelerator!!! 1. Reduce magnet aperture, eg., use synchrotron! - Magnets capable of Fast energy change! 2. Superconducting magnets! - Rampable from 2T@70MeV to 4T@250MeV! 3. Non-orthogonal Gantry! - Smaller Gantry radius, weight and length!
Reducing Gantry Cost: Choices - 2 4. PSI-1 style gantry! - Combines gantry with the nozzle! - Horizontal scanning upstream of the last gantry magnet! - Shorter Nozzle (1.5m) reduces Gantry radius to 3-3.5m! 5. FFAG gantry! - Continuous dipole field with alternating gradients.! - Accepts particles with different energies, i.e. no magnet ramping.! - Can be made of superconducting or permanent magnets! - Gantry radius is still big L!
Design concept for the SC360 Gantry 1. Use low field ( 4 Tesla) superconducting magnets capable of ramping to full scale in about 1 min.! 2. To enable fast energy changes before the gantry:! ü ü Use achromatic bend systems to relax fast ramp requirements for switching between layers.! Use warm quadrupoles to control beam spot size.! 3. Two options:! 1. Integrate scanning into the Gantry + move the table! 2. Use standard 2.5 m nozzle at the exit of the Gantry!
Standard Gantry vs. SC Gantries Volume = 235 m 3 Weight ~ 25 tons Volume = 250 m 3!!!!!!!
Achromatic Optics Choice Achromatic system removes dependence of particle trajectory on beam energy! Bρ 730 MeV/c for 4T, 60 cm bend 250 MeV protons, 275 MeV Alphas
Design Steps (Vladimir Anferov) 1. Consider achromat design to give good transmission with low losses.! 2. Decide on gantry with upstream scanning or downstream scanning.! 3. Optimize optics.! 4. Use gantry features as part of dose delivery design.!!
Orthogonal Gantry with 2.5 m Nozzle 2 achromatic bends 5 quadrupoles Preceded by an ES beamline with Be degrader Momentum acceptance ± 3% for ±3cm horizontal aperture in QF Compare with ±0.5% acceptance is 6 times smaller than standard gantry
Benefits of momentum acceptance When switching between the energy layers the dipoles do not need to ramp fast:! Ø Small SOBP can be delivered without ramping the SC dipoles.! Ø Δp/p 3% corresponds to 3.5 cm SOBP at 200MeV! Better beam transmission from degrader into the nozzle! Ø Momentum spread after degrading 230 MeV to 70 MeV is 2%! Ø Thus, good beam transmission! Bragg peak shape (width) is preserved! Ø Simpler commissioning! Ø Simpler nozzle design!
Possible TR View Last gantry magnet and the nozzle project into the room similar to Elekta conventional radiation therapy system!
SC360 60 Degree Achromat Short Quads Quads Tested to Full Field Ramped Rotated with estop Prototype Dipole Reached Full Field Rotated at lower field Long Quad 30 Degree Dipoles
Design of Compact coil ends
Quadrupole assembled
Scale Quadrupole Room temperature coils: 23 lbs = 10.4 kg Superconducting coils: 4 oz = 0.113 kg
Prototype Dipole Assembly
Schematic view of the Gantry 4.0 m
Dose Delivery System (IU Collaboration) Includes: Scanning Magnet Helium or Vacuum Enclosure Dose Monitor Ion Chamber Snout Includes UBS Pre-Collimator Aperture Compensator Computer Controls Coordinated with BMS
Dose Delivery System Combined function scanning magnet with large bandwidth Fast scanning for repainting within each layer (3.5 ms/line) Energy degrading upstream of gantry only Add range shifter for ranges < 4.0 cm 25 cm x 25 cm field Line scanning is planned in a future release Modern Hadron Therapy Gantry Workshop Derenchuk 16-Jan-2014! 28!
PS Positioning System Positioning System Includes: Gantry Robot Cone Beam CT (& PET) Floor GANTRY Cone Beam CT FORTE Robot PPS
Open Isocenter Treatment Room Open Access Treatment Isocenter provides Treatment Room Awning accommodates Projectors, Speakers, Microphone, Pa@ent Experience Ligh@ng, Doseless Pa@ent Tracking (future release) Space of carts and support hardware next to PPS CBCT 3D Imaging without movement of gantry or pa@ent when at the treatment posi@on. RT access to all sides of the pa@ent
Advantages Position patient once -> Follow by multiple fields Easy to add stereotactic imaging to verify patient didn t move Room to move patient away from Isocenter to increase SAD Room to add DXCT PET panels will be added to the CBCT Modern Hadron Therapy Gantry Workshop Derenchuk 16-Jan-2014! 31!
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