Eurocities 25 th April 2013 Chris Verweijen, Movares Bridging the gap! Roadmap to a sustainable city
And who am I? Chris! Noise started my career! Technical University Delft RET: PT City of Rotterdam: o Market analysis & Modeling PT o Transportation costs Model o Network planning o New tramway network o Strategic planning Movares: Strategic projects: o Public transport planning o Mobility o Sustainability
Eurocities 25 th April 2013 Chris Verweijen, Movares Movares: Until 1995 EB Dutch Railways now independent engineering consulting firm (about 1300 employees) A lot of projects are still rail-based (High speed line to Belgium, Rail corridor to Germany) Now all other forms of infrastructure & mobility; Some projects: IJmeerlijn: Plan supermetro from Amsterdam to Almere Reliable power distribution Busplatform Amsterdam Central (price) Tramlink from Utrecht Central to the University Major stations projects (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht and Arnhem) Last bus not least: Sustainable developments of areas (specialization) and sustainable Public Transport Movares is certified ISO14001 (sustainable organization)
Sustainability is HOT!!
What will you hear? Steps to a sustainable future What is a sustainable city? main factors to achieve EU Developments (SUMPs) The traveler in the centre Silent Sustainable System for a city How to choose a form of public transport Sustainable bus transport Conclusions
What is sustainability? How to chose your roadmap There are at least 150 different definitions of sustainability : we won t solve that today! Essential is: what is important for you on this moment for a sustainable city! Important factors may be: o CO 2 transition (well wheel / tank wheel) o Emissions: NO x ; SO x en CH & Particles (PM score) o Noise (reduction) o Disturbed view / traffic flow Essential is also: rehabilitating the function of the city-centre without traffic congestion: make the city human again Last but not least : a city that generates economy!
What is sustainability? Example
What is sustainability? Example Example : city of Grenoble; Re- introducing tram Sixties: Policy completely focused on car traffic Seventies: new bus axes PT: grow public transport Eighties: new tramlines Effect: 17 million PT travelers in 1973; Now: 77 million! Effect introduction tram: Better accessibility city centre New commercial activities in City centre City centre interesting for new group of customers (Certu 2005)
EU Developments Sustainable urban mobility plan What is it? Proces: Analysis of an urban transport system; present situation and future needs Vision; long-term strategy & short-term plans Policy integration (transport; environment, urban development, landuse, ) Inter-institutional & inter-governmental approach Whole planning cycle including implementation, monitoring, evaluation, revision Participatory approach Source: Vincent LEINER DG Move EU
EU Developments Sustainable urban mobility plan What is it? Content: All transport and mobility to and within an urban area Transport of passenger; freight; logistics Balanced treatment of all modes (public transport; cycling and walking; motorized /road) Measures to foster integration between modes Measures on Mobility Management Measure to engage citizens/stakeholders Source: Vincent LEINER DG Move EU
EU Developments What is a SUMP? EU framework for SUMP: Establish common criteria for a SUMP Provide cities with an support framework (financial support; networking; guidelines;?) Let cities benefit from experience across EU Support cities in achieve their aspirations Strengthen contribution from cities to achievement of EU policy objectives Source: Vincent LEINER DG Move EU
Making a sustainable silent transport plan Start thinking from the position of the traveler? How to make a roadmap to a silent and! sustainable city? First step: Start thinking in human beings from the viewpoint of the traveler: what do they want? Follow the travel law: You travel only if the benefit of being somewhere else is greater than the effort to get there. Benefit: time, money, comfort, commitment, effort... )
Making a sustainable silent transport plan Start thinking from the position of the traveler Conclusions Travel law: Purpose of your trip = starting point of thinking You want to go there with minimal effort / difficulty Effort = sum of everything you encounter Design rules resulting from the travel law: Always choose for optimal quality of the system Focus on priority of the transport mode!
Making a sustainable silent transport plan Start thinking from the position of the traveler Design rules resulting from the travel law: A combination of high-quality systems takes less effort than one bad direct connection Use all forms of mobility Public Transport, (e-)cycle, (e-)car (included car/cycle-date) in a completely linked network Automatically you get sustainable ones in the city centre: e - mobility, PT, cycling and walking Logical Hub structure to crosslink all the different modes At the hubs all different modes: the traveler has a real choice! Innovative thinking about Mobility: Don t think anymore in either bike, car or PT mobility but see it as an intermodal network with high quality on all links We call it the Sustainable Silent Intermobility System
Sustainable Silent Intermobility System Start thinking from the position of the traveler Highway High capacity PT Hub Walking Cycling / CPT CPT / E-cycling / E-car RPT / Car CPT: City Public Transport RPT: Regional PT Sustainability? Developments The traveler Si system Forms PT Sustainable PT Conclusions
Sustainable silent Intermobility System The right mode at the right place Essential in the sustainable silent system are the hubs The hub is an Integral transfer point of all modalities and a recognizable center of Mobility in the district Modalities: Public transport: HC line to centre / HC Tangent/ neighborhood shuttle auto-date (like Autolib) / P+R Cycle date (like Velib) Place for your own cycle Taxi And....
Sustainable silent Intermobility System The effect of sustainable intermobility Legend: Hub Your own car Train City PT Cycle-date Light rail Auto-date City area
Sustainable silent Intermobility System An empty PT vehicle is not sustainable! Making a sustainable silent network with HC lines: Investigate your network on necessity of less frequented lines combine them to a small number of very frequent lines Travelers have no problem with a longer walk if the quality is better! Method: use (e-)bicycles, and car-date at your stations to make the range of your stops larger Effect: less routes better understanding the network higher frequency use of separate lanes high velocity lower costs more passengers Less streets with buses (and noise) Better basic to introduce sustainable transport
Different forms of Public transport Choosing the transport mode for your High Capacity lines How to choose? First factor: number of passengers. If on a certain stretch the number is higher than about 30.000 a day: it is almost impossible to do that with buses 30.000 a day means 15.000 in one direction: so about 1500 2500 in the rush-hour The largest (double articulated) bus can take average about 125 passengers so that means 12 16 buses in one direction So there is a bus at a crossing about every 1-2 minutes: you can t pass the street anymore from a cross direction! At that moment you should start considering trams!
How to bridge the gap by the bus? If you opt for busses HOW to make them sustainable? This can be a bit better...
How to bridge the gap by the bus? First category: just going on... Euro bus (up to V) Silent Sustainable bus First category: just going on a bit more sustainable - but not yet silent potential possibilities: Euro 6 biogas /CNG biofuel bus lightweight bus
How to bridge the gap by the bus? Second Category: somewhere in between Euro bus (up to V) Silent Sustainable bus Second category: choose a solution in between : - more sustainable than Euro VI (and reliable!) - and more sustainable than the first category - Silent at certain stretches potential possibilities: Various forms of hybrid buses
How to bridge the gap by the bus? Third Category: going green - if possible! Euro bus (up to V) Sustainable bus Third category: dial now for a sustainable & silent bus even though some possibilities aren t not yet fully developed potential possibilities: Battery bus, trolleybus & hydrogen fuel cell bus
How to bridge the gap by the bus? Fourth category: greening step by step Euro bus (up to V) Sustainable bus Fourth Category: choose for a system in which the battery is recharged during the working hours of the bus; chance: step by step during the years is possible potential possibilities: electric (battery) bus or hybrid bus with recharging options
Conclusions Roadmap to sustainability Find out what silence & sustainability means for you Make a sustainable network with all modalities Make a high potential PT network and choose the right mode Choose a bus type that belongs to your aspects Choose for a proven technology (don t buy 100 prototypes!) and: keep it simple! Otherwise...
Conclusions You wont reach the other side! Questions? You must have them...!
Discussion points Noise reduction leads to only electric public transport in the city Centre It is better for the city economy if only public transport and the soft modes are allowed in the city centre Not electric cars should not be allowed in the city centre
For any details: chris.verweijen@movares.nl