ICT-Emissions driving cycles Laura Borgarello CRF ICT-Emissions Exploitation group workshop, Brussels, 2013-11-13
Objectives of activities Collection of driving profile data, covering different conditions to create reference cycles INPUT TO OTHER WPs Calibration and validation of traffic, energy and CO 2 emission simulator To evaluate the impact of different ICT solutions
Objectives of activities Representative generic cycles categorized by: type of mission: urban, urban highway, highway level of traffic: free, normal, saturated Specific cycles on Test sites with type of mission, level of traffic and different UTC conditions
Eco:Drive TM database Fiat eco:drive is a driver behavior measurement technology developed by Fiat Group Automobiles end introduced in November 2008 Following eco:drive advices, the customer is able to quantify the improvements on fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions deriving from the change of her/his driving style. Eco:Drive TM Database records the trips analyzed from customers.
WLTP database The WLTP EU database consists of customer data for cars and light duty vehicles from European countries (UK, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia, Poland, Switzerland, Sweden, Spain) The in-use data contains information about the region, weekday, time of the day, on/off peak, and the road category (urban, rural, motorway). The speed limit is only indicated for a small part of the whole database (Sweden and Switzerland).
Test sites monitoring Turin and Rome Urban condition 3 levels of traffic UTC system for traffic light management Madrid UrbanHigway condition 2 levels of traffic UTC system for variable speed limits
Advantages and disadvantages of data-bases Existing data-bases Big amount of data Variety of driving situations and driving styles UTC systems availability and related lack of information Type of mission and traffic level not collected Test sites data Detailed information regarding the driving situations and UTC activated systems Detailed information about the type of mission Few specific situations monitored Small number of driving styles
Driving situation definition in DB In the existing DBs are not available type of mission: urban, urban highway, highway level of traffic: free, normal, saturated Different strategies have been used to assign a trip/micro trip to each class: Kinematic parameters (Average and maximum speed, stop time percentage) Location, Day and time of trip A final refining of the these thresholds has been done in order to align cycles with experimental results in test sites monitoring.
Approach to data analysis Test sites DBs Existing DBs Test site data analysis WLTP data base analysis Eco:Drive TM data base analysis Specific cycles Threshold recalibration Representative cycles Real world cycles
Example of test site cycles
Eco:Drive database analysis Trip description using statistical indicators Short trip only for highway free Statistical analysis of trip indicators and external factors Trip classification in groups Analysis of distance in the multidimensional spaces derived from trip indicators Speed and acceleration cumulative distributions Speed and gear profiles Representative cycles selection Test sites data analysis Attribution of cycles to cycle s categories
Real world cycles All the pairs of considered types of mission and levels of traffic have been covered with almost a cycle (globally 13 cycles) Some cycles are from eco:drive and others from WLTP database In some situations more than one cycle is available URBAN URBAN HIGH_WAY HIGHWAY FREE 1 1 1 NORMAL 2 1 1 SATURATED 2 1 3
Real world cycles
Acknowledgements Many Organizations collaborated to this work: Centro Ricerche Fiat 5T TRANSyT UPM Agenzia della Mobilità Roma Heinz Steven Data analysis and consultancy Thanks to everyone
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WLTP database analysis Short trips identification Test sites data analysis Short trips selection for cycle categories Short trip and idling phases analysis Candidate short trip selection Compositions of candidate cycles Final cycle selection Statistical parameters Time, speed and acceleration cumulative distributions Speed-Acceleration distribution Representative cycles selection
direction 1: from Foligno to Boston Urban Saturated Urban Normal Test sites database analysis Trip or sub-trip identification and classification Sub-trip related to specific UTC systems ON/OFF Global trip Trip classification based on traffic condition and UTC activation Trip/sub-trips description with statist. indicators direction situation length total travel time idling time (v<3km/h) % idle time (v<3km/h) num_stop (v<3km/h m s s % # Statistical analysis of trip indicators Travel time Average speed, stop time, constant speed time, acceleration and deceleration Representative cycles selection Urban Free 6697 736 215 3 7 UTC ON 6701 953 374 6 11 UTC OFF 6702 1070 424 6 16 UTC ON 6700 1226 554 8 18 UTC OFF 6696 1354 622 9 22