CNG for Heavy Duty Fleets 1
Seaports & Regional Trucking LA/LB Ports Clean Air Action Plan 1,000+ LNG trucks now operating at the LA/LB Ports Truck OEMs entered the market Freightliner, Kenworth, Peterbilt, International & Volvo Proved to Regional Trucking firms that NG can meet rigorous trucking duty cycles 30 billion gallons/year 2
Truck OEM s OEM Freightliner Peterbilt Kenworth Volvo Model M2-112 320 T800SH VNM 384 365 W900S T440 T470 Engine ISLG 320 ISL G 300 ISL G 320 ISLG 320 ISL G 320 Application 6x4 Tractor Tractor Tractor Tractor 4x2 Tractor Vocational Vocational 4x2 Truck Mixer Mixer 6x2 Truck Vocational OR LNG 3 3
Transit 8,000 CNG Engines in Service 4
Solid Waste 4,000 CNG Engines in Service 5
Solid Waste 6
Current Natural Gas Engines CWI ISLG 8.9 liter spark engine 2010 compliant since 2007 model year Passive 3-way catalyst NO DPF or SCR (urea) Westport HD GX 15 liter Big Block Engine 2010 compliant Up to 475 hp, 1,750 ft.lbs. LNG and diesel for combustion Requires DPF and SCR 7
Cummins Westport Inc. 30,000 Natural Gas engines delivered 35000 30000 10,000 ISL G s produced in 4 Years 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 1990 92 94 96 98 2000 02 04 06 08 2010 @ June, 2011 8 8
Four Generations of Natural Gas Engines 1998 2001 2004 2007 C8.3G Mechanical C Gas Plus L Gas Plus ISL G Introduced in 1998 Major improvement over 1 st generation CNG L10 Series Over 4000 still in service Improved Reliability Introduced in 2001 State of the art spark ignition/control system First engine 2004 EPA Certified Six fold reliability Increase Introduced in 2004 Improved Ignition control system VG Turbo Based on 8.9 L ISL Block 2007 NOx and 2010 PM levels Introduced in June 2007 Stoichiometric EGR combustion, three way catalyst First HD engine certified 2010 NOx and PM levels 9 9
Future Natural Gas Engines CWI 11.9 liter spark engine 400 hp 1,350 ft.lbs. Field testing underway with 3 OEMs CAP/Navistar MaxForce 13 liter dual-fuel engine Test engines expected in 2011/12 After treatment? ESI Navistar MaxForce 7.6, 9.3 & 13 liter spark engines 7.6 Liter, available 9.3 Liter test engine, in development 13 Liter test engine, in development 10
NG Tanks, Storage Capacity & Weight Impact LNG Tanks Nominal Size (Gal) Effective Size (Gal) Effective Diesel Gallon Equivalents (DGE) Dry Weight (lbs) Wet Weight (lbs) Diesel Weight (lbs) NET Weight (NG- Diesel) 119 102 63 495 870 1,026 (156) 149 128 78 620 1,093 1,146 (53) Westport GX 119 94 58 785 1,155 Same 1,155 CNG Tanks Configuration Nominal Size (DGE) Effective Size (DGE) Dry Weight (lbs) Wet Weight (lbs) Diesel Weight (lbs) NET Weight (NG- Diesel) 5 Tanks 75 68 1,650 2,025 1,026 999 2 Tanks Rail Mount 82 74 1,200 1,650 1,074 576 Notes: 1. LNG tanks have a vapor space that reduces effective storage volume in converting from nominal to effective. 2. 1.7 gallons of LNG = 1 DGE = 1 gallon of diesel on an equivalent energy basis. 3. Westport GX LNG storage tanks have effective volume of 58 DGE due to pump displacement plus allowing for 5% diesel mixture. 4. CNG tanks have heat of compression during fueling and residual fuel at low pressure in converting from nominal to effective. 5. Diesel Weight includes diesel tank, equivalent amount of diesel fuel + DPF + SCR + Urea Storage with solution. 6. DPF + SCR + Urea Storage with solution is 546lb (industry standard). 11
Tough California Emissions Standards and Cummins Westport Engines California Air Resources Board - Executive Order Shows Emissions Results ISL G is under 2010 NOx and PM regulations FTP NMHC NOx CO PM EUR O FTP EUR O FTP EUR O FTP EUR O STD 0.14 0.14 0.2 0.2 15.5 15.5 0.01 0.01 CERT 0.13 0.04 0.13 0.01 1.2 0.4 0.002 0.000 FTP: Federal Test Procedure [ transient and steady state ] EURO: Euro III European Steady-State Cycle STD: standard or emissions test cap CERT: certification level Further Reductions are Being Explored Sub Ambient Zero Emissions 1 2 12
NGV s Have Lowest Possible Carbon Footprint WTW Greenhouse Gas Emissions* (in grams CO2eq/MJ) 28% Lower 23% Lower 95.9 94.7 68.0 72.4 88% Lower 84% Lower 11.3 15.56 Gasoline Diesel CNG LNG CNG from Landfill Gas LNG from Landfill Gas *CARB Low Carbon Fuel Standard Well-to-Wheels GHG Emissions 13