Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles Transport for Smart Cities in Canada 2016 and Beyond By Ekke Kok, M.Eng., P.Eng. Manager of Transportation Data City of Calgary
Autonomous Vehicles 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 2
Autonomous Vehicles in Mainstream Media Connected Vehicles not so much (but important) 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 3
Autonomous/Connected Vehicles and the City? How would city plans and policies be affected? When will A/Vs and C/Vs start to affect the City? What role, if any, should the City play in their adoption? 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 4
Role of Autonomous and Connected Vehicles Most often mentioned benefit: Safety Autonomous Vehicles take the driver (cause of most collisions) out of the equation entirely Connected Vehicles could provide intersection warning, rear end collision avoidance, weather information Could see possibility of vastly improved safety (35,000 reported collisions and 35 fatalities in Calgary alone) 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 5
Role of Autonomous and Connected Vehicles Change in Parking Demand Scenario 1: Autonomous taxis and shared autonomous vehicles: only need drop off zone Scenario 2: Private autonomous vehicles could simply go park elsewhere after dropping off passengers So both scenarios would imply a massive change in parking demand What to do with existing parking supply at shopping centres, downtown and Park n Rides? Repurpose on-street parking: 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 6
Role of Autonomous and Connected Vehicles Transit Driverless buses reduce costs Vehicle to Device communication for latest transit information to customers Opportunity for Transit to make last mile more efficient with door to LRT station service Or private, shared vehicles enter that market or even the long haul market from door to door Mass transit (like LRT) is always going to be much more efficient at moving large numbers of people to a common location: how to encourage people to use it? 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 7
Role of Autonomous and Connected Vehicles Socio-Economic Positive Impact Greater mobility for those who currently don t drive Elderly, young, mobility challenged Which allows greater opportunity for entire population to access shopping, recreation and work Commuting is no longer lost time 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 8
Role of Autonomous and Connected Vehicles Socio-Economic Negative Impact Job losses: taxi, bus and truck drivers 3.5 million truck drivers in U.S. (350k in Canada?) Fewer people using active modes: door to door A/V Commuting less onerous so why not travel further? What does that do for urban sprawl? 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 9
Role of Autonomous and Connected Vehicles Number of Vehicles on the Road If Sharing Economy takes off, then vehicle ownership goes down If not, then private vehicles driving around empty and there are more vehicles on the road 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 10
Timeline Early Adoption Sharing Economy Much lower cost to use an autonomous Uber or Car2Go than owning own vehicle As early as 2026 (recently revised to 2023) Later Adoption Private vehicles continue to dominate Lifecycle vehicles could take 20 or 30 years As late as 2050 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 11
Timeline Best Estimate? Between 2023 and 2050 Call it 2035? Less than 20 years from today 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 12
What Does the City Need to Do? Connected Vehicles Install road side infrastructure Smart traffic signals, vehicle detection, weather sensors, travel time sensors (Wi-Fi and/or Bluetooth) Keep an eye on developments in connected vehicles so we know what to install ACTIVE-AURORA Transit information (e.g. next bus) 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 13
What Does the City Need to Do? Autonomous Vehicles and Transit What are implications for labour? Use semi-autonomous buses at BRT stations for faster, safer docking How can transit play a role in the last mile solution? How to maintain the viability of mass transit (LRT) in an environment of cheap, door to door shared vehicles (especially considering parking cost is no longer a lever)? And how does that affect current planning for the Green Line? 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 14
What Does the City Need to Do? Autonomous Vehicles No infrastructure requirements (so even if we don t do anything they re still coming) Revisit long range planning documents such as MDP and CTP (2019) Review current policies, such as the downtown parking policy Prepare for parking revolution: CPA, repurpose parking Be adaptable; as new information comes out, be prepared to change our plans April 25, Notice of Motion for Administration to study advancements in transportation technologies 03/05/2016 Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles 15
Role of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles Transport for Smart Cities in Canada 2016 and Beyond By Ekke Kok, M.Eng., P.Eng. Manager of Transportation Data City of Calgary