Louis Verdegem WavePOD Wave Power Offtake Device Louis Verdegem Bosch Rexroth Ltd St Neots 1
Bosch: four business sectors 2014 key figures * Bosch Group 48,9 billion euros in sales 290,000 associates Mobility Solutions One of the world s largest suppliers of automotive technology 68% share of sales Industrial Technology Leading in drive and control technology, packaging, and process technology Energy and Building Technology Leading manufacturer of security technology Global market leader of energy-efficient heating products and hot-water solutions 32% share of sales Consumer Goods Leading supplier of power tools and accessories Leading supplier of household appliances * Preliminary figures as of 01.15 2
Wave Energy Conversion What do they have in common? Almost all Mechanical Wave devices produce reciprocating motion High forces with cycle time 3-16 seconds. Bigger Waves are longer cycle times and higher forces. Hydraulics ideally suited using cylinders as pumps. Water systems pumping to shore have been tried and work Distances become issue with losses and cost Solution is Oil Hydraulics generating at sea and electric cable to shore Alternative Technologies All may be effective but not developed sufficiently Linear Generators Piezo electronics Electro-active Polymers (artificial muscle) Bosch Corporate Research does work in this field but no solution YET. 3
What is the Power Take Off Wave Energy WEC Developer Energy Capture Structure Reciprocating Motion External Sensors Hydraulic Cylinder or Pump Flow and Pressure Ancillary Systems Hydraulic Controls WavePOD Control System Shaft Rotation Coms and Data Log System Generators (and Drives) Communications Export Electricity 4
Two Basic Control Strategies for WEC Linear or Speed Dependant Damping Force Typical Circuit Coulomb or Constant Damping Force Typical Circuit 5
Two Basic Conversion Strategies Wave into Wire What do they have in common? Hydraulic Cylinder Identical Control Valves Identical Low Pressure Accumulator Identical Hydraulic Motor Type (Swashplate) Identical What is the difference? Speed Dependant Damping Requires Variable Speed Generator Therefore Frequency Converter. Generator Capacity is Peak Power Does not have to be Linear Damping Constant Damping Requires High Pressure Accumulator Can use Grid Locked Constant Speed Generator Generator Capacity is Average Power Sinusoidal which in reality it is not!!!! 6
Which is Better Overall? We have to consider which will give the lowest LCOE? Speed Dependant Damping + Control of Damping in Wave = Better Energy Capture Peak Flows at Generators mean high capacity Hydraulic Motors and Generators = Extra Cost Frequency Converter = Efficiency loss, Extra Cost, Reliability Variable output onto shore -Peak to Zero twice every wave = Peak Rated Cables, On Shore Smoothing Constant Damping + Average, Constant Flow and Pressure at Generators =Constant Power to the grid + Smaller Capacity, slower response, optimise efficiency of hydraulics and generator = Lower cost ± Damping force can be changed but not in wave High Pressure Accumulators = Extra Cost 7
Which is Better Overall? We do not know which method is Better! It depends on the Machine! The solution is up to the WEC developer They must judge what is best for them overall Bosch Rexroth provide all parts for complete Solution Bosch Rexroth provide the WEC Developer with Design skills PTO Simulation with real hardware models Hardware (with or without the cylinder / pump) Programming for PTO to respond as WEC developer requires (Modifiable Lookup Tables, Algorithms) Long term service and support 8
What is WavePOD WavePOD is a catch all name for our scope of supply It depends on the Machine! Floating Subsea Seabed The choice is up to the WEC developer Common problems, common solutions- known and new Bosch Rexroth s Offer: Gaining of common learning by a stable commercial organisation external to the WEC developer Freedom to use non WEC specific IP on subsequent Machines (common industry learning) or Licence if WEC specific Long Term Commercial Global OEM and Service Business 9
Known Unknowns We see no problems with the hydraulics, generation, controls and communications. There is some work to be done Pressurised Enclosures Internal Environmental Control Mitigating the Shock and Vibration Environment All are solvable with a internal and external expertise The Hydraulic Cylinder is the only Unknown Cylinder Rod Material (Marine Growth, Calcification Build Up) Vast experience at depth or in splash zone but accessable Isolation from Sea Water with Pressurised Gaiter may be solution Difficult on very long cylinders Cylinder Seal Distance Travelled Seal Manufacturers warrant 5,000 km Replacement seal set > 500 Replacing Seal means recovery of the WEC 10
Economics Different global locations have different LCOE limits Is this industry globally economically viable? We do not know!!! Bosch Rexroth has been working in this industry for 14 year to see if there is an industry to develop. Small investment in personnel but potential big gain. We still do Advice and Pre-Sales for free However, we do take the low risk strategy This is not yet an industry on the radar at Bosch. To small! No special investment Standard products put together cleverly Product developments only on the back of other industries. 11
Summing Up WavePOD is simple in concept -to relieve the WEC developer of the responsibility of developing a PTO Each WavePOD will be different to suit the WEC but with common learning It is enabling and convergent technology to move the industry forward We will learn lessons for the industry that can be applied to others We do not know every answer but will work it out. Bosch Rexroth has a reputation for long term ethical support and is not going to disappear. We hope our involvement will improve the confidence of Investors 12
Thank You 13