Active & passive safety systems on Hyundai vehicles; Development & strategy Road Safety conference, Belgrade April 27 th 29 th 2011
Hyundai Auto Beograd, Since 2002
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HISTORY 1997 ~ 1967 HISTORY 1996 Completion of the Namyang new Research & Development Center 1994 Annual production exceeds 1 Million; 1967 Founding of the Hyundai Motor Company
HISTORY 2005~ 1998 HISTORY 2005 Hyundai Motor Company enters the Top 100 Global Brands list 2003 HMCfirst automaker to announced the global environmental management 2002 Official Partner of the 2002 FIFA World Cup Games; 2000 1 st fuel cell electric vehicle; 1998 Acquisition of Kia
HISTORY 2010~ HISTORY Hyundai Motor Company is in Global Top 5
HISTORY HISTORY Distributers ( and Dealers) around Globe
What shall we speak about in this reminder Active systems of safety Passive systems of safety Developments and strategy
A brake is a device which inhibits motion. History
Forces Tire forces and brake forces VSM ESP TCS ABS EBD Brakes FN Tire FS FS FU FS Brake disc or drum FF a Decelleration a V Speed FS Apply pressure v FF FF Friction Force
FRICTION & slip mi Forces Acceleration Turning Deceleration Direction tire is facing Slip angle Direction tire is travelling Braking force coefficient 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 20 40 60 80 % Brake slip ABS control ranges 1. Radial tires on dry concrete 2. Bias-ply winter tires on wet asphalt 3. Radial tires on snow 4. Radial tires on ice Braking / Lateral force coefficient 1.0 α = 2 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 α = 10 α = 10 α = 2 0 20 40 60 80 % Brake slip Figure #1 Figure #2 ABS control ranges Braking force coefficient Lateral force coefficient
Phase 1: Emergency Situation, Panic braking (Maximum vehicle deceleration) Phase 2: Reduced braking requirement (Deceleration proportional to pedal force) BA bar 120 80 40 0 m/s² 20 16 12 8 4 0 Phase 1 Phase 2 Master Cylinder pressure Wheel Pressure Switching threshold Emergency braking Controlled braking Actual deceleration Hyundai Brake Assistant control
> 50km/h EBD Electronic Brake force Distribution speed km/h speed rear wheel pressure speed front wheel pressure bar pressure hold decrease hold 0.25g def. max difference EBD-control or decrease pressure front wheel pressure rear wheel ABS-control t (s)
ABS Braking control on low traction surfaces Speed Switching signals: Peripheral wheel acceleration, Slip Brake pressure Phase 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Brake pressure decrease Vehicle speed Reference speed Slip switching threshold Peripheral wheel speed Thresholds of peripheral wheel acceleration Thresholds of peripheral wheel deceleration
Advantages of ABS Vehicle without ABS Vehicle with ABS
TCS Wheel speed Wheel spin Vehicle speed Wheel acceleration/ decelleration Phase 0 1 2 3 4 5 4 3 4 5 4 Valve Signal Brake pressure Traction Ccontrol on low traction surfaces System Time
General TCS function Speed Difference km/h Brake intervention 8.5 6.5 Torque reduction 4 2 Vehicle speed km/h 22 50 100 150 200
ESP
ESP Turning radius center Cornering force Centrifugal force Centrifugal force Cornering force Turning radius center Oversteering Neutral steering Understeering Relationship between cornering force and centrifugal force during turns
TCS Center of gravity Lateral force Vehicle weight Wheel speed sensor CAN-bus ESP-Operating Light Yaw rate / lateral G sensor ROP control ESPCU Steering position sensor ESP switch CAN-bus ECM Torque reduction request Roll over protection (ROP) ROP ROP ON ON ROP ROP OFF OFF
Slope min. 8% (4.5 ) DBC 8km/h Downhill Brake Control Wheel speed sensor 2km/h 35km/h DBC relay Stop lamps Stop lamp switch OFF Operating telltale Yaw rate / 2G sensor Slope min. 8% Solenoid valves Accelerator pedal Released Pressure sensor Brake application DBC switch ON CAN-bus Pump motor
Slope 8% (4.5 ) Slope 8% (4.5 ) Brake engaged Brake released Hill start Assist Control Wheel speed sensor 0km/h Activate solenoid valves De -activate solenoid valves Yaw rate / 2G sensor Slope min. 8% Stop lamp switch ON OFF Clutch switch (MT) Gear Engaged D/R range ( AT) CAN-bus Gear Engaged Neutral control* Accelerator pedal * Diesel AT only ON OFF Torque Time Brake torque Torque 2 sec. Time Engine torque Torque Time Torque Time
Inputs and outputs (sample ix35) ABS- Operating/ Failure telltale Battery power EBD-Failure telltale Wheel speed sensor ECM Wheel speed to ECM Stop lamp switch Clutch switch Yaw rate / 2G sensor Steering angle sensor ESP switch DBC switch CAN-bus CAN-bus CAN-Bus ESP -Hydraulic electronic control unit CAN-bus CAN-bus CAN-bus CAN-bus CAN-bus ECM ECM Gear hold request Torque reduction request ESP-Off / Failure telltale ESP-Operating telltale DBC relay DBC-Operating telltale Diagnosis Accelerator pedal CAN-bus Built in pressure sensor CAN-bus DBC / ESP Failure telltale CAN -bus
Enable condition ESS Disable condition for ESS ESS + Speed above 55km/h Deceleration 7m/s² Vehicle speed (kph) Deceleration below 2.5m/s² Emergency Stop Signal 30kph ESS Operation Signal ON OFF CASE-1 Brake Lamp Flash Hazard lamp* ON OFF ON OFF *Additional Feature (3.5Hz) Basic Features 10kph ESS deactivation 2.5 m/s² 10 sec Additional feature operation (only if speed is below 30km/h at this point) Additional feature deactivated (CASE-2) CASE-2 Additional feature deactivated (CASE-3) Time (sec)
System layout EPB Electronic Parking Brake Pulling force EPB Control module & Actuator EPB Switch Signal input to control module Pulling force
PASSIVE SAFETY Air bags AIR BAG Vehicle with Airbag Vehicle without Airbag
Airbag system classification, layout Supplemental restraint system control module (SRSCM) Supplemental estraint system control module (SRSCM) Front impact sensor Passenger airbag (PAB) Single sensor type Passenger airbag deactivation switch (PAD) Passenger airbag Multi sensor type Driver airbag (DAB) Driver Airbag Belt pretensioners (BPT) Buckle switch (BS) Curtain airbags (CAB) Side airbags (SAB) Buckle switch Side impact sensor Passenger presence detection (PPD) Belt pretensioners Single threshold Double threshold Advanced airbag system
System Layout PSB Integrated ECU Chassis CAN AX, AY, Yaw, Steering Angle Brake Pressure LDWS PSB Integrated ECU Basic Sensors & Systems
Inputs and outputs (I/O) Passenger airbag Deactivation switch Driver airbag Passenger airbag Passenger presence detection Battery (+) Single threshold Side airbags Curtain airbags Belt pretensioner Front impact sensor Buckle retractor pretensioner Side impact sensor Passive occupant detection system (PODS) Seat buckle switch or Double threshold Airbag warning lamp Passenger airbag deactivation lamp Crash output to BCM/ETACS K-Line
Active head rest Head remains stationary due to inertia Seatback pushes torso forward
Belt pretensioner, buckle rectractor, Isofix seat for kids Ball chamber Gear Shaft Steel balls Ball type Isofix child seat Cylinder Piston Steel cable Cylinder type Buckle rectractor pretensioner
Isofix Additional belt Bracket Frame Isofix anchor Release lever Lower anchorage type Top tether type
Crumple zones Corner area Ring frame C-pillar area Cowl area Material strength Strength improved
NCAP Test & marks http://www.euroncap.com/h ome.aspx New Car Assesement Program = 10% or less poss. Heavy injuries = 11% to 20% ~ = 21% to 35% ~ = 36% to 45% ~ = 46% or higher ~
NTHSC tests & marks Buckles, seat belts Air bags http://www.safercar.gov All kind of acidents, roll over Tires National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Government of the USA Child safety
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PHILOSOPHY CORPORATIVE PHILOSOPHY VISION Hyundai Technology Pre crash Safety Vehicle Stability Management
PHILOSOPHY CORPORATIVE PHILOSOPHY VISION Hyundai Technology Pre crash Safety Lane Keeping Assist
PHILOSOPHY CORPORATIVE PHILOSOPHY VISION Hyundai Technology Pre crash Safety Computer aided and simulations crashes
PHILOSOPHY CORPORATIVE PHILOSOPHY VISION Hyundai Technology Environmentally friendly Vehicle for the future -now
PHILOSOPHY CORPORATIVE PHILOSOPHY VISION Thank you kindly Yours Hyundai Auto Beograd Miodrag B. Stojanovic