Pass With Class Lesson Planner

Pass With Class Lesson Planner

Contents Precautions & Cockpit Drill... 4 Foot Controls... 6 The Clutch... 8 Hand Controls... 10 Steering... 12 Mirrors... 14 Blind Spots... 16 Moving Off... 18 Stopping On The Left... 20 Stopping On The Right... 22 Approach To Turn Left... 24 Approach To Turn Right... 26 Emerging At T-Junctions... 28 Emerging At Closed Junctions... 32 Y-Junctions... 34 Crossroads... 36 Crossroads Workstation... 38 Stopping Distance... 40 Emergency Stop & Skidding... 42 Anticipation... 46 Clearance... 48 Meeting Traffic... 50 Meeting Traffic Continued... 52 Pedestrian Crossings... 54 Light-Controlled Crossings... 56 Mini Roundabouts... 58 Roundabouts... 60 Bends... 62 Making A U-Turn... 64 Left Reverse... 66 Right Reverse... 68 Turn In The Road... 70 Parallel Parking... 72 Bay Parking... 74 One-Way Streets & Systems... 78 Independent Driving... 80 Overtaking... 84 Dual Carriageways... 86 Motorway Driving... 89 Eco-Safe Driving... 91 Use Of Signals & Warnings... 92 Adverse Weather... 94 Night Driving... 95 Tricky Situations... 96 Roadworks... 99 Changing A Wheel... 99 Emergency Vehicles... 100 Floods/Fords... 101 Show Me Questions... 102 Tell Me Questions... 103 Driving Test Report... 106 Driving Test Report Explained... 107 3

Moving Off Learning Outcomes The driver should be able to: Prepare the vehicle to move from a parked position at the side of the road. Make effective observations, applying the MSM routine. Move away under control and take up a safe road position. Checklist Prepare Clutch down Select gear appropriate for road/gradient/angle Co-ordinate clutch/gas/footbrake as appropriate for road/gradient/angle Observe MSM routine Blind spot checks Manoeuvre Clutch control Steering Road position Cancelling the signal Key Questions Which gear should you use to move off? Why must you check your mirrors before moving off? Why must you check the blind spots? When should you release the parking brake? What road position should you take up after moving off? Why is it important to check the mirrors again after moving off? Is it always necessary to signal? What is the procedure for moving off uphill/downhill or at an angle? 18

Moving Off 19

Stopping On The Right Learning Outcomes The driver should be able to: Select a safe, legal and convenient position to park/stop on the right side of the road. The driver should understand the different rules for stopping briefly and parking. Apply MSPSL routine on approach to then manoeuvre. Bring the vehicle to a controlled stop, close to and parallel with the right side of the kerb. Apply effective observations before reversing backwards. Decide and act safely to rejoin the flowing traffic on the left side of the road. Rules for parking on the right, especially at night time. Checklist Selecting a safe place taking into consideration road users behind and approaching Parking and waiting restrictions Avoid entrances/junctions/slipways MSPSL routine Signal timing Steering Progressive braking Declutching After stopping Key Questions When is it safe/unsafe to pull up on the right side of the road? Why is it important to check the mirrors in good time on the approach? What should you do if you see someone behind you considering an overtake? When is it safe to cross oncoming traffic? Parking brake and neutral Cancel signal Reversing backwards 2 car lengths Prepare, observe, manoeuvre routine Reversing back in a straight line When to stop and give way What to do if visibility is restricted Rejoining the traffic on the left Deciding when it s safe Prepare, observe, manoeuvre routine What are the issues/dangers stopping close behind a car already parked on the right? When you are reversing, how can you judge whether you need to stop for oncoming cars? What important considerations are required before you cross and rejoin the traffic on the left? 22

Stopping On The Right A B C 23

Emergency Stop & Skidding Learning Outcomes The driver should be able to: Bring the vehicle to a prompt stop as if to save the life of a child that had run into the road. Explain why it is crucial to react quickly in an emergency and why making a mirror check could waste time. Explain why the vehicle will handle differently under hard braking. Recognise and recover from a skid caused by harsh braking/steering/acceleration. Checklist Emergency stop (diagram A) Quick reactions Stop control Progressive braking Difference between emergency/ normal stop Declutch timing Effect of ABS Key Questions Steering Effect of braking on steering Steering when necessary to avoid collision When stopped Parking brake Observation before moving off again In what circumstances would it be necessary to make an emergency stop? Why isn t it necessary to check the mirrors before making an emergency stop? Skidding (diagram B) Causes and avoidance Rear wheel skid Recognition Recovery Corrective steering How should you apply the brakes during an emergency stop and why is it important not to declutch too soon? Why do you need to grip the steering wheel more firmly during an emergency stop? What should you do if you can t stop in time? How would you know that your ABS was assisting with harsh braking? How should you react if your ABS takes effect during an emergency stop? Why might it be important to apply the parking brake after an emergency stop? Why is it important to look all round before moving off after an emergency stop? What is the main cause of skidding? How would you recognise that you were skidding? How can skids be avoided? Will ABS always prevent a skid? What could cause a front wheel/four wheel skid? How do you recover from a front wheel/four wheel skid? 42

Emergency Stop & Skidding A B? 43

Emergency Stop & Skidding Reasons For Skidding Conditions of the road: Ice/snow/frost/rain Hydroplaning? Mud on the roads/leaves - especially on country roads Broken or uneven road surface/gravel Conditions of the vehicle: Bald tyres/correct tyre pressure Brakes on car low/not maintained/car pulls to one side when braking? Actions of the driver: Sudden steering Abrupt or sudden changes in the vehicle s speed Panic stops and applying your brakes too hard especially on hills, curves, or wet surfaces Sudden engagement of the clutch when on a slippery surface Poor concentration/tiredness = late reactions Poor understanding of how to stop suddenly Combinations of the above: For example: ice + leaves on road + clutch down + panic stop = skid 44

Mini Roundabouts Note For Instructor Mini-roundabouts are often used to assist traffic flow at former busy crossroads and T-junctions. The diagrams on the facing page depict scenarios for several common situations which occur at miniroundabouts. Checklist Signs and road markings Recap observation/priority Recap MSPSL Lane discipline and signalling Turning left Going ahead Turning right Key Questions Large vehicles Double mini-roundabouts Multiple mini-roundabouts U-turns at mini-roundabouts What are the rules of priority at mini-roundabouts? How should you normally position to go left/ahead/right at a mini-roundabout? In what circumstances would it be permitted to drive over the central white marking? Why do you need to take care when large vehicles are turning at a mini-roundabout? When would it be acceptable not to signal your intention to leave a mini-roundabout? What rules of priority apply at double mini-roundabouts? How should you deal with multiple mini-roundabout systems? What are the dangers of attempting to make a U-turn at a mini-roundabout? 58

Mini Roundabouts 59

Bay Parking Learning Outcomes The driver should be able to: Reverse park the vehicle centrally within a marked parking bay. State the advantages of bay parking in reverse gear. Complete the manoeuvre under control and with due regard for the safety of other road users. Checklist Car park safety Slow speed Observation Disadvantages of pulling in forwards (diagram A) Restricted by approaching traffic Tight radius of turn Danger of clipping parked vehicles Key Questions Poor visibility to reverse out Method Left reverse (diagram B) Angled approach (diagram C) Right reverse (diagram D) Observation (recap) Control (recap) What are the advantages of parking in reverse gear? What are the disadvantages of reversing out of a bay? Where should you position to start? Where should you position the vehicle within the bay? How can you judge the point of turn? Why is it important to keep looking all around? How should you deal with approaching traffic/pedestrians? Parking centrally within the space 74

Bay Parking A 75

Tricky Situations Traffic Light With Green Filter Arrow Stop if you re going ahead, proceed with caution if you are turning right/left and following the green arrow. Always check oncoming traffic before you cross their path. Look for a waiting area, where you should stop for oncoming cars before crossing their path. Only cross the traffic when you are sure you can cross or you know they are slowing down/stopping for a red traffic light. If the traffic light is out of order, then nobody has priority. Make eye contact with other road users before deciding to go. 98

Roadworks Look for advance warning signs. Apply the MSPSL routine. Watch for temporary traffic lights or road workers controlling traffic. Proceed with care. Changing A Wheel Select level, firm ground. Apply the parking brake. Switch on hazard lights. Position the warning triangle. Take out the spare wheel and tools. Slightly loosen wheel nuts. Jack up the vehicle. Remove the wheel nuts and wheel. Fit the spare and lightly tighten the wheel nuts. Lower the vehicle and remove the jack. Tighten the wheel nuts. Collect and stow all equipment. 99

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