IEA RETD Francisco Carranza Nissan Europe Bonn, 26 Oct 2012
AGENDA Towards a Sustainable Future Electric Vehicle Market Electric Vehicle Charging Electric Vehicles & Electricity Grid Conclusions 2
Towards a Sustainable Future From 600 million vehicles worldwide today to 2.5 billion by 2050 3
Towards a Sustainable Future 40 million people in the 115 largest cities in the EU are exposed to air exceeding WHO air quality guidelines (WHO) In Europe: Germany, Austria, Denmark, Finland, Luxemburg and Sweden exceeding international pollution limits Romania and Bulgaria highest pollution mortality rates in the world! Photo: Istock Road transport responsible for substantial share of PM, CO2 and NOx 4
Electric Vehicle Market 13,000+ sold in Europe in 2011. 63% of total fleet (8,100 units) equipped with quick charge technology The top 5 major markets in the past year: France: 3,000+ Norway: 2,000+ Germany: 1,600+ Netherlands: 1,200+ UK: 1,100+ Estimated electric vehicle market in 2012 30,000 units Estimated electric vehicle market in 2013 100,000 units Nissan LEAF production from 2013 in the UK (50,000 units/year) 5
Electric Vehicle Market Electric Vehicle Affordable (example in France, after 7k bonus) from 28,990 EUR from 25,900 EUR (+82 EUR/month) from 20,000 EUR (+72 EUR/month) from 29,500 EUR from 13,700 EUR (+79 EUR/month) from 6,990 EUR (+50 EUR/month) from 19,450 EUR (+65 EUR/month) 6
Electric Vehicle Market How many km your car can make with 1 EUR? 105hp petrol compact vehicle Average price of fuel and electricity in France, Oct 2012 90hp diesel compact vehicle 110hp Electric Compact Vehicle 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Estimated running cost of EV vs ICE (15.000km/year): Using a diesel compact car (4.5 l/100km) 945 EUR Using a petrol compact car (6.2 l/100km) 1.488 EUR Using an EV compact car (13.7 kwh/100km) 206 EUR 7
Electric Vehicle Market Renault Nissan Alliance projects the EV market will account for 10% of TIV by 2020, and is aiming to secure 20% of that market. 1.5 MILLION Alliance EVs SALES NISSAN LEAF: WORLD S BEST-SELLING EV More than 36,000 sales as of August 12 13,500 units 5,000 units 17,500 units 8 EV models commercialised by 2016 Today 53,000 EVs sold (66% market) Winning more than 30 awards 8
Electric Vehicle Charging Customer behavior Plug and sleep Plug and work Plug and shop Plug and eat Plug and eat etc. Frequency Daily Daily Weekend trips Home/Office Charging Destination Charging Pathway Charging Charging situation Normal Normal/Middle/Fast Fast Charger Type AC3-6kw ~AC22kw ~DC 50kw DC 50kw AC 43kw Charge time 4-8 hours 100% Charging Site Home/Office 30 min. ~1 hour 80% (fast to mid) 2 hours 25% (normal) Super Market, Mall, Restaurant, Parking Lot or Gas Station in City 15~30 min. 40~80% Major Road, Highway Service Area, Gasoline Station,Fast food 9
Electric Vehicle & Electricity Grid Smart-grid research, Charging network Zero-emission vehicle engineering & manufacturing Collaborating with Governments/Cities New mobility proposal Battery engineering & manufacturing Battery secondary-use 4R business Power supply system Vehicle to Home Nissan-made Fast Charger 10
Electric Vehicle & Electricity Grid VEHICLE to HOME Power Supply System Using standard Chademo QC Help balancing supply/demand Opportunity to reduce the bill 24kWh enough for 2 days Example of Technical Specs: Supplier: Nichicon Sold from July (Japan) 10k units Expected price: 480k JPY (4.7k EUR) 6kW: AC 100V x 3kW x two-phase Efficiency: 90% Size: 65 cm x 35 cm x 78 cm Mass: 60 kg 11
Electric Vehicle & Electricity Grid NISSAN Battery Second Life Evaluate and test residential and commercial applications Balance grid demand/ supply Provide back-up power during outages Under development 50kWh battery storage prototype (30 average homes with electricity for one hour). 12
CONCLUSIONS The automotive industry has entered the Electric Era Two different sectors now have to cooperate: energy & cars Cumulated EV sales in Europe: 50k in 2012, 150k in 2013 Investment needed in quick charge to reach 2015 targets Quick WIN/WIN available: vehicle-to-home & battery reuse Energy/Automotive cooperation needed to move forward THE TIME IS NOW 13
THANKS 14
Background Electric Vehicles http://www.nissan-zeroemission.com/en/ http://www.nissanusa.com/leaf-electric-car/home-charging http://www.greenemotion-project.eu/ Vehicle to Home http://www.nissan-global.com/en/news/2012/_story/120530-01-e.html Battery second life http://www.nissan-global.com/en/news/2012/_story/120118-01-e.html 15
Background http://www.cleanenergyministerial.org/our_work/electric_vehicles/index.html 16
Background EV Home Charging (easy and cheap energy) EV & FCEV Charging (convenient and fast) Zero Emissions Urban Areas (remove noise & air pollution) Zero Emissions Road Lanes (easier access for clean vehicles) Park & Ride (combine Renewables/ EV Car Sharing and Public Transport) Smart Community (EV battery acts as storage for solar & wind) 17