WIM Site Location WIM #48 is located on CSAH 5 near Storden in Cottonwood county. System Operation WIM #48 was operational for the entire month of August 2017. Volume was computed using all monthly data. System Calibration WIM #48 was most recently calibrated on NA. Table 1 summarizes the front axle weights of class 9s by lane 1. Table 1 indicates that the class 9 front axle weights were all within +/- 9% of baseline calibration values for all lanes. Figure 1 shows the distribution of gross vehicle weights (GVW) in Class 9 vehicles at this site for the last 12 months of operation 2. Figure 2 depicts the average front axle weight as a percent difference from the first full month following calibration. Summary of Volume Statistics Total Monthly Volume: 11998 Passenger : 10631 Heavy Commercial : 1367 Monthly Average Daily Traffic (MADT): 387 Monthly Heavy Commercial Average Daily Traffic (MHCADT): 44 See Table 2 for vehicle class breakdown Passenger (PVs) and Heavy Commercial (HCVs) Volume trends. NB vehicles typically reached highest volume levels on Tuesdays, with lowest volumes reported on Mondays. SB vehicles typically reached highest volume levels on Sundays, with lowest volumes reported on Mondays (see Figure 3 and 4). Passenger (PVs) Volume trends. On an average 24-hour day (see Figure 5), NB PVs generally reached peak volume levels between 01 PM and 05 PM. Similarly, SB PVs peaked in volume between 11 AM and 05 PM Heavy Commercial (HCVs) Volume trends. On an average 24-hour day, HCVs traveling NB typically reached peak volume levels between 01 PM and 05 PM, while volume going SB peaked between 11 AM and 05 PM. See Figure 6. Out of all HCVs, the two highest traffic volumes were generated by Class 9's and Class 5's.
Overweight HCVs Volume trends. Of a total of 1367 HCVs, 352 of them were overweight 3. These overweight HCVs contributed to 3.1% of total monthly volume, and 27.1% of total monthly HCV volume. NB overweight vehicles typically reached highest numbers on Wednesdays, with lowest volumes reported on Saturdays. SB overweight vehicles tended to reach highest volumes on Fridays, with lowest volumes reported on Saturdays. See Figure 3. The top two overweight violators by class were the class 9 and class 10 vehicles. Overall, overweight vehicles tended to reach peak volume concentrations during typical business hours, with 55.5% of all overweight vehicles traveling SB this month (see Figure 7 & 8). Figure 9 shows the number of vehicles exceeding 88,000 pounds that crossed the WIM over the last 12 months. The highest number of 88,000+ vehicles within the last 12 months occurred in February. WIMs are currently used as a screening tool for weight enforcement, and it is estimated that the WIM scales can measure gross vehicle weights (GVW) within 90-95% of static weight scale measurements. Due to the possibility of measurement error, vehicles exceeding 10% of their legal weight limits (or 1.1 times their legal weight limits) are considered overweight in this report 4. Using normal load limits,32 NB vehicles exceeded 88,000 pounds (12 vehicles were Class 10's; 12 vehicles were Class 13's). Of vehicles traveling SB, 74 NB vehicles exceeded 88,000 pounds (33 vehicles were Class 13's; 23 vehicles were Class 10's). Refer to Table 3 for the Top 10 highest recorded GVWs from Classes 9 and 10 from August 2017. Loaded vs. Unloaded HCVs. Figure 10 shows the GVW distributions of Class 9s and 10s in August 2017. Data suggests that there were greater numbers of empty Class 9's than fully_loaded Class 9's traveling NB, while there were more empty Class 9's than fully_loaded traveling SB. Data also suggests that there were more fully_loaded Class 10's than empty traveling in the NB direction. In the SB direction, there were more fully_loaded class 10 vehicles. Freight Totals. A total of 12643 tons of freight was recorded to have crossed the WIM. More freight was shipped SB (54.5%) than NB (45.5%). See Table 4 and Figure 11 for more freight information. Infrastructure Considerations Bridge. Bridge No. 97506 (a precast box culvert) is approximately 1.3 miles north of WIM #48. Bridge No. 97666 (a precast box culvert) is approximately.45 miles south of WIM #48. WIM #48 recorded a total of 11998 vehicles with a combined GVW of 108778 kips (1 kip = 1,000 pounds = 0.5 tons) in August 2017. See Table 5 and Figures 12-13 for GVW information by vehicle class and lane. Pavement Design. A total of 1325 equivalent single axle loads (ESALs) passed over the pavement at this site. Approximately 56.1% of all ESALs were recorded SB while 43.9% was observed NB. In particular, 51% of all ESALs were generated by the Class 9's (Class 9's were also responsible for generating 27% of total GVW observed this month). See Table 6
and Figures 14-15 for more information on ESALs (Table 6 also provides flexible ESAL factors for each vehicle class using a terminal serviceability of 2.5 and a structural number of 5). WIM monthly reports can be found at: http://www.dot.state.mn.us/traffic/data/reportsmonthly-wimnew.html MnDOT's vehicle classification scheme and vehicle class groupings for traffic forecasting can be found at: http://www.dot.state.mn.us/traffic/data/data-products.html#weight To request this document in an alternative format, please call 651-366-4718 or 1-800-657-3774, or email your request to ADArequest.dot@state.mn.us. Please request at least one week in advance. 1 Front axle weights of Class 9s are monitored on a monthly basis to assure performance between calibrations. The current goal of the WIM scale calibration is to have each individual axle weight stay within a range of?9% of baseline calibration values 2 Previous WIM research indicates that unloaded Class 9s typically weigh 28-32 kips, while loaded Class 9s generally fall in the 70-80 kip range. More recent data from several WIM sites suggests that the unloaded Class 9 range may have moved a little higher over time (due to increased presence of sleeper cabs, etc.), although these ranges are also thought to be site-specific. 3 An HCV is considered overweight during normal load limits in this report if they satisfy any of the following 1) exceed a gross vehicle weight (GVW) of 80,000 pounds, 2) exceed any of the legal weight maximums on any axle configurations (legal maximums are: single axle = 20,000 pounds; tandem axles spaced 8' or less = 34,000 pounds; tridem axles spaced 9' or less = 43,000 pounds; quad axles spaced 13' or less = 51,000 pounds). Monthly reports use this standard regardless of the time of year however, the Winter Load Increase (WLI) allows a 10% across the board increase in axle and gross vehicle weights without a permit on US, state routes, and county roads. An HCV is considered overweight during Winter Load Increase(WLI) if they satisfy any of the following 1) exceed a gross vehicle weight (GVW) of 88,000 pounds, 2) exceed any of the legal weight maximums on any axle configurations (legal maximums are: single axle = 22,000 pounds; tandem axles spaced 8' or less = 37,400 pounds; tridem axles spaced 9' or less = 47,300 pounds; quad axles spaced 13' or less = 56,100 pounds). An overweight HCV is only included once in the overweight volume calculations regardless of how many of the aforementioned conditions are violated. For information on MN weight limit dates and statutes: http://www.mrr.dot.state.mn.us/research/seasonal_load_limits/sllindex.asp 4 For example, Class 9s and 10s can legally have gross vehicle weights up to 80,000 lbs (with the exception of permitted loads) during normal load limits. To account for measurement error on the WIM scales, those exceeding 10% of the legal GVW maximum (or 1.1 times the legal GVW) should be screened (e.g., 80,000 lbs + 8,000 lbs = 88,000 lbs). Similarly during WLI vehicles weighing 96,800 lbs should be screened.
Vehicle Jan 2017 Feb 2017 Mar 2017 Apr 2017 May 2017 Jun 2017 Jul 2017 Aug 2017 Weights (Kips) 88-90 1 2 3 3 2 2 8 6 90-92 0 0 3 4 1 1 4 6 92-94 0 4 1 1 0 0 4 1 94-96 0 2 1 2 1 0 3 5 96-98 0 5 0 2 1 2 3 4 98-100 1 3 1 2 0 0 1 1 >100 0 8 3 2 0 0 4 9 Total 2 24 12 16 5 5 27 32
Vehicle Jan 2017 Feb 2017 Mar 2017 Apr 2017 May 2017 Jun 2017 Jul 2017 Aug 2017 Weights (Kips) 88-90 14 12 5 10 21 16 14 13 90-92 10 11 11 6 4 6 8 7 92-94 2 9 7 6 6 8 3 7 94-96 4 10 2 9 6 7 1 6 96-98 1 9 7 4 0 7 3 7 98-100 4 5 9 5 2 3 4 7 >100 22 28 19 10 7 10 13 27 Total 57 84 60 50 46 57 46 74
Table 1 Class 9 Front Axle Weight by Lane Month Lane 1 (Kips) Front Axle +/- 9% Lane 2 (Kips) Front Axle +/- 9% January 2017 10.45 0.00 11.43 0.00 February 2017 10.44-0.03 11.44 0.08 March 2017 10.47 0.20 11.27-1.40 April 2017 10.12-3.16 10.89-4.76 May 2017 9.99-4.40 10.72-6.24 June 2017 10.24-2.03 10.66-6.76 July 2017 10.66 2.06 10.73-6.18 August 2017 11.06 5.87 11.26-1.53
Table 2 Vehicle Classification Data Vehicle Class Monthly Average Daily Volume Monthly Total Volume Monthly Total Volume Percentage Monthly Total Overweight 1 0 13 0.1 0 0 2 155 4806 40.1 0 0 3 188 5813 48.5 0 0 4 0 14 0.1 0 0 5 11 340 2.8 27 7.7 6 5 167 1.4 14 4 7 0 4 0 2 0.6 8 3 102 0.8 24 6.8 9 18 557 4.6 177 50.3 10 4 128 1.1 58 16.5 11 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 6 0.1 4 1.1 13 2 48 0.4 46 13.1 TOTAL 387 11998 100 352 100 Monthly Total Overweight Percentage
Table 3 Top 10 Gross Vehicle Weight, Class 9 and 10 Date Day of Week Time Vehicle Class Direction Lane GVW (lbs) 2017-08-03 Thursday 14:54:43 10 SB 2 104.03 2017-08-16 Wednesday 14:25:03 9 SB 2 104.03 2017-08-02 Wednesday 18:38:43 10 SB 2 103.93 2017-08-02 Wednesday 14:58:27 10 NB 1 102.7 2017-08-28 Monday 09:45:18 9 NB 1 100.8 2017-08-15 Tuesday 16:50:49 10 SB 2 100.68 2017-08-03 Thursday 19:39:11 10 SB 2 100.67 2017-08-15 Tuesday 16:26:59 10 SB 2 99.36 2017-08-13 Sunday 15:18:16 10 SB 2 99.01 2017-08-28 Monday 10:30:39 10 SB 2 97.44
Table 4 Freight Summary Vehicle Class Direction Weight of Empty Vehicle (Kips) Total Number of Number of Empty Percentage of Empty Total Weight of with Freight (Kips) Total Weight of Empty (Kips) Total Weight of Freight (Tons) 4 NB 15 8 2 25 125 24 17 5 NB 8 153 27 17.6 1930 192 461 6 NB 19 87 3 3.4 2618 52 511 7 NB 11.5 4 0 0 282 0 118 8 NB 31 44 31 70.5 462 691 29 9 NB 33 339 103 30.4 14581 3043 3396 10 NB 33.5 77 3 3.9 4017 82 769 13 NB 31.5 13 0 0 1307 0 449 TOTAL **** **** 725 169 **** 25321 **** 5751 Vehicle Class Direction Weight of Empty Vehicle (Kips) Total Number of Number of Empty Percentage of Empty Total Weight of with Freight (Kips) Total Weight of Empty (Kips) Total Weight of Freight (Tons) 4 SB 15 5 3 60 40 42 5 5 SB 8 171 11 6.4 2870 80 795 6 SB 19 72 4 5.6 2704 69 706 8 SB 31 53 13 24.5 2079 332 419 9 SB 33 191 41 21.5 9981 1197 2516 10 SB 33.5 45 2 4.4 3681 65 1120 12 SB 36.5 6 0 0 521 0 151 13 SB 31.5 33 0 0 3400 0 1180 TOTAL **** **** 576 74 **** 25276 **** 6892 GRAND TOTAL **** **** 1301 243 273 50597 5869 12643
Table 5 Gross Vehicle Weight by Class and Lane Vehicle Class NB SB Total Percentage 1 4 9 13 0 2 8237 9394 17631 16.3 3 16882 17425 34308 31.6 4 149 82 231 0.2 5 2122 2950 5073 4.7 6 2670 2772 5442 5 7 282 0 282 0.3 8 1153 2411 3563 3.3 9 17624 11178 28802 26.6 10 4099 3746 7845 7.2 12 0 521 521 0.5 13 1307 3400 4707 4.3 TOTAL 54529 53889 108417 100 GVW/LANE 50.3 49.7 100 0.09
Table 6 ESALs by Class and Lane and Flexible ESAL Factors Vehicle Class NB SB Total Percentage Flexible ESAL Factor 1 0 0 0 0 0.0769 2 1 1 2 0.2 0.0014 3 6 7 14 1 0.0056 4 1 0 1 0.1 0.38 5 33 84 118 8.9 0.76 6 45 65 109 8.3 1.41 7 6 0 6 0.5 1.83 8 6 87 93 7.1 1.92 9 386 290 676 51.5 2.62 10 65 100 165 12.6 2.67 12 0 17 17 1.3 2.62 13 29 82 112 8.5 4.15 TOTAL 579 734 1313 100 18 ESALS/LANE 44.1 55.9 100 -- --
Table 7 Site Summary: Volume and Vehicle Class Month Total Volume Monthly ADT Monthly HCADT Passenger Passenger % Heavy Commercial Jan 2017 8499 274 22 7822 92 676.6 8 Feb 2017 8726 312 34 7776 89.1 950.1 10.9 Mar 2017 10145 327 33 9118 89.9 1026.7 10.1 Apr 2017 11479 383 40 10284 89.6 1195.4 10.4 May 2017 13129 424 50 11582 88.2 1547 11.8 Jun 2017 12884 430 62 11025 85.6 1858.7 14.4 Jul 2017 12346 398 50 10803 87.5 1543.1 12.5 Aug 2017 11998 387 44 10631 88.6 1366.8 11.4 TOTAL 89206 -- -- 79041 -- 10165 -- AVERAGE 11151 367 42 9880 89 1271 11 Heavy Commercial %
ESALs Month ESALS NB Driving Lane ESALS SB Driving Lane Total ESALS Jan 2017 162 420 582 50.4 Feb 2017 229 778 1006 48 Mar 2017 252 605 857 34.3 Apr 2017 372 554 926 32.3 May 2017 489 879 1369 15.4 Jun 2017 682 1058 1740 14.6 Jul 2017 645 705 1350 16.2 Aug 2017 581 743 1325 23.9 TOTAL 3412 -- -- -- AVERAGE 426 718 1144 29 Pavement Life Decrease Months
Gross Vehicle Weight Month GVW NB Driving Lane GVW SB Driving Lane Total GVW Kips Jan 2017 24767 34715 59482 Feb 2017 33346 44701 78046 Mar 2017 36101 46599 82700 Apr 2017 46643 48401 95044 May 2017 56104 62800 118905 Jun 2017 64178 69477 133655 Jul 2017 57644 58281 115925 Aug 2017 54657 54121 108778 TOTAL 373440 419095 792535 AVERAGE 46680 52387 99067
Overweight Month Total Number of Overweight Overweight / Total Volume Overweight / Heavy Commercial Volume Number Over 88,000 lbs Jan 2017 132 1.8 21.9 60 28 Feb 2017 247 3 27.7 108 44 Mar 2017 204 2.1 21 72 32 Apr 2017 230 2.1 20.4 68 21 May 2017 362 2.9 24.4 51 9 Jun 2017 433 3.6 24.4 62 13 Jul 2017 342 2.9 23 73 22 Aug 2017 355 3.1 26.8 106 44 TOTAL 2305 -- -- 600 213 AVERAGE 288.1 2.7 23.7 75 26.6 Number Over 98,000 lbs
Freight Month NB Freight Tons SB Freight Tons Total Freight NB Freight % SB Freight % Jan 2017 1577 4181 5757 27.4 72.6 Feb 2017 2556 7141 9697 26.4 73.6 Mar 2017 2577 6215 8792 29.3 70.7 Apr 2017 4425 5796 10220 43.3 56.7 May 2017 5141 8302 13443 38.2 61.8 Jun 2017 7334 10263 17597 41.7 58.3 Jul 2017 6266 7022 13288 47.2 52.8 Aug 2017 5751 6892 12643 45.5 54.5 TOTAL 35626 55812 91438 -- -- AVERAGE 4453.2 6976.5 11429.7 37.4 62.6