Power Trends on the Tactical Battlefield Mr. Paul Richard Deputy Project Manager September 20, 2011 1
PM MEP Responsibilities DOD Directive 4120.11/AR 700 101 Establish, maintain, and provide a DOD Standard Family of Mobile Electric Power Generating Source (MEPGS); includes follow-on fuel cells and thermoelectric devices Provide advice and consultation on how to improve and/or expand the standardization of MEPGS across DOD Approve/Disapprove all requests for non-standard MEPGS Army Regulation 700-101 AFI 63-110(I) NAVFACINST 4120.12 MCO 11310.27 DLAI 4120.16 Logistics UNCLASSIFIED Joint Operating Procedures Management and Standardization of Mobile Electric Power Generating Sources Headquarters Departments of the Army, the Air Force, the Navy, Marine Corp, Defense Logistics Agency Washington, DC 2 September 2003 2
PM MEP Executive Agent Mission Standardization Program Execution Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition Technology & Logistics) Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Logistics and Material Readiness) Program Executive Officer Command Control Communications Tactical Assistant Secretary of the Army (Acquisition Logistics & Technology) Marine Corps 7,698 Gen Sets (6%) 179,802 kw (9%) Navy 1,594 Gen Sets (1%) 84,588 kw (4%) Army Air Force 102,493 Gen Sets (82%) 13,340 Gen Sets (11%) 1264105 1,264,105 kw (60%) DoD Total Requirements 576,547547 kw (27%) 125,125 Generator Sets 2,104,952 kilowatts (kw) 3
Portfolio 2kW Military Tactical Generator 3kW 5kW 10kW 15kW 30kW 60kW Tactical Quiet Generators 100kW 200kW Power Units/Power Plants (PU/PP) Power Distribution Illumination System Electrical (PDISE) 840kW Deployable Power Generation & Distribution System (DPGDS) Advanced Medium Mobile Power Sources (AMMPS) 5kW 10kW 15kW 30kW 60kW 9/18/36/60k BTUH Improved Environmental Control Unit (IECU) 4
Research and Development Focus Areas Expeditionary Power Sources 25 300W Alternative/Renewable Power Sources 1kW Diesel 100 200kW LAMPS (Large Advanced Mobile Power Systems) NZ+ JCTD (Net Zero Plus Joint Capabilities Technology Demonstration) Green CP (Command Post) Energy Storage FAST Demo (Field Assistance in Science and Technology) Co Generation Intelligent Power Management and Distribution Integrated Systems Automatic Phase Balancing (Three Phase to Single Phase) HI POWER (Hybrid Intelligent)
POWER Can t Get Enough ofit! 6
Battlefield Power and Energy Trends Challenges: 100 Battlefield consumption of 80 energy increasing 60 exponentially Power & Energy is a National Security Issue Energy security problematic - Cost of fuel has skyrocketed - Alternative sources sought wind, solar, bio-mass, waste to energy r/day] tion per Soldier [gal/soldier Fuel Consumpt 120 40 20 Civil Battery Consumption Military Per Capita Consumption of Fuel 1944 WW I Korea n War Vietnam War Desert Storm Iraq War Worst Futu Case re Region of Projected Wars Fuel Consumpti on Best Case 0 War 1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 Year Price of Crude Oil 1947-2011 On-board Power
Problem Sustainability Challenges: Counter insurgency and security stability operations are dependent on power for success Not all locations accessible by road or air Technical support for power is not readily available Availability of spare/repair parts
Problem: Large Logistic Impact Generators are the Army s single largest user of fuel on the battlefield during wartime. * Category Peacetime Wartime OPTEMPO OPTEMPO Combat Vehicles 30 162 Combat Aircraft 140 307 Tactical Vehicles 44 173 Generators 26 357 Non Tactical 51 51 Total 291 1040 Army Fuel consumption in peacetime and wartime (million gallons per year) *Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on DoD Energy Strategy 9
Problem: Force Protection Puts Soldiers at Risk 10
Problem: Lack of Trained Personnel & Equipment
Problem: Commercial Power Not quite there Can t get parts No trained maintainers Can t survive the environment Temperature Sand & Dust Not military Not ruggedized for mobility Not 24-volt Not signature suppressed EMI, IR Not NBC hardened
Where We ve Been, Where we Are, Stove Piped Power Power Islands Where We Need To Be Intelligently Managed Microgrids FDECU 4 S3 Plans LOG Plans SMART-T A A FDECU 5 FDECU 3 FDECU 7 FDECU 4 CIC A T S3 Plans LOG Plans SMART-T A A T SMART-T FDECU 1 A A FDECU 2 BSN FDECU 6 T FDECU 5 CIC A FDECU 3 FDECU 7 T DTSS-L ADAM BSN A A T SMART-T FDECU 1 FDECU 2 FDECU 6 T DTSS-L ADAM Multiple small sized generators Single points of failure No back-up power No 24/7 operational capability Large logistics footprint Fewer larger sized generators w/ power distribution Increased mobility Reduced logistics footprint Reduced fuel consumption 100% back-up power 24/7 operational capability Intelligent power grid Efficient use of multiple power sources Supply and load management Plug-and-play connectivity Ruggedized distribution Battlefield-wide scalability Greater logistics footprint reductions Greater fuel consumption reductions Full spectrum power for Full spectrum warfare
Afghanistan Micro Grid Project 1 megawatt (MW) Microgrid: Consists of 4 generators linked by an intelligent power management system Designed to auto start & stop generators based on load demand to maximize efficiency Replacing up to 19-60kW Tactical Quiet Generators (TQGs) 1 MW Microgrid 180 kilowatt (kw) Microgrid: Consists of 5 TQGs linked together by an intelligent power management system Designed to operate similar to the 1MW microgrid at a smaller scale Replaces a like number of generators, but at 30-40% better efficiency 180 kw Microgrid
Afghanistan Micro Grid Project 3 kw TQG Solar Hybrid 3kW TQG & 5kW TQG Solar Hybrid Systems: Designed to operate primarily from solar power minimizing i i i generator run time Solar power captured in a battery storage system Generators run only when battery power level drops to specified level 5 kw TQG Solar Hybrid Generators charge the batteries at a fullload power output & shut down when batteries are fully charged to maximize efficiency
We ve Come A Long Way but we are not there yet 16
? QUESTIONS? 17