November 24 th, 2011 / Steven Dorresteijn. EV Charging Infrastructure DC fast charge solutions

November 24 th, 2011 / Steven Dorresteijn EV Charging Infrastructure DC fast charge solutions

EV Charging Infrastructure products Agenda Introduction to ABB Why to invest in EV Charging infrastructure? The challenges in EV fast charging Our fast charging products ABB products will connect your business within the value chain Where do we envision fast charging stations to emerge? November 22, 2011 Slide 2

A global leader in power and automation technologies Leading market positions in main businesses 124,000 employees in about 100 countries $32 billion in revenue (2010) Formed in 1988 merger of Swedish (Asea) and Swiss engineering companies (Brown Boveri). Predecessors founded in 1883 (Asea) and 1891 (Brown Boveri) Publicly owned company with head office in Switzerland November 22, 2011 Slide 3

Power and productivity for a better world ABB s vision As one of the world s leading engineering companies, we help our customers to use electrical power efficiently, to increase industrial productivity and to lower environmental impact in a sustainable way. November 22, 2011 Slide 4

EV Charging Infrastructure Product Group in ABB The Product Group is located in Rijswijk (HQ) and Eindhoven (Software development center), the Netherlands Headquarters, Rijswijk, the Netherlands The product group is part of the Discrete Automation and Motion division Epyon/ABB has 6 years of experience in DC fast charging and commercial products in the field since May 2010 Epyon (70+ FTE) was an early leader in DC fast charging infrastructure Software development center at hightech campus, Eindhoven, the Netherlands On July 1 st, 2011 ABB strengthened it s EV charging activity by acquiring Epyon B.V. November 22, 2011 Slide 5

Delivered the first commercial fast charger in Europe May 2010: Opening the first 50 kw DC fast charger Opening of a 50 kw fast charging station in Leeuwarden, The Netherlands. Europe s first Ceremonial opening by Prince Maurits van Oranje Utilized several times a day by a local taxi company since May 2010 In cooperation with Essent/RWE and Tamoil November 22, 2011 Slide 6

Charging Infrastructure The benefits of the Epyon acquisition in 2011 Epyon acquisition Large customer base in Europe Speed & products available Modular product architecture ABB Global Sales, Marketing and Service network, incl. Americas and Asia Brand name Software & connectivity concept and software product roadmap Second generation power electronics platform Extensive know-how on Li-ion batteries / Standardization Global manufacturing footprint Global supply chain November 22, 2011 Slide 7

Producing, shipping and delivering today The DC fast charger market is taking off rapidly November 22, 2011 Slide 8

Production plant (HU) November 22, 2011 Slide 9

Producing, shipping and delivering today Many installations worldwide November 22, 2011 Slide 10

Producing, shipping and delivering today Many installations worldwide November 22, 2011 Slide 11

Producing, shipping and delivering today Preferred supplier to Nissan November 22, 2011 Slide 12

Producing, shipping and delivering today Installation process of a Terra 51 DC charger November 22, 2011 Slide 13

ABB DC fast charge installations Proven technology in the field since early 2010 Actual: Germany, The Netherlands, UK, Ireland, Finland, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Austria, France, Czech, Hungary, Turkey, Italy, Hong Kong, Chili, China Expected soon: Belgium, USA, Estonia, Bulgaria, Korea, Taiwan November 22, 2011 Slide 14

ABB has over 6 years of experience in fast charging technology for Li-ion batteries Using computer controlled test equipment Experience on a wide range of batteries & charging profiles The result of 6 years of testing is a database with over 2 billion measurements November 22, 2011 Slide 15

Our role in the charging market Actively involved in standard setting worldwide Standard setting Contributing to: Active CHAdeMO member Certification Cooperations November 22, 2011 Slide 16

Until recently EV s could only be slow charged and their daily use was limited TEPCO EV study Vehicle movements slow charge only BEFORE the introduction of fast charging Observations An average monthly driving distance of roughly 200 km Only a small percentage of the battery capacity is used (average DOD ±50%) EV drivers reported to experience range anxiety the fear to run out of range with the vehicle November 22, 2011 Slide 18

Fast charging increases the usage of the vehicle from 200 km to 1500 km per month TEPCO EV study Vehicle movements BEFORE the introduction of fast charging AFTER the introduction of fast charging During this study EV users were offered the use of CHAdeMO fast chargers which offered them a recharge to 80% in less than 30 minutes November 22, 2011 Slide 19

The TEPCO study became a success and a roll-out to the rest of the world is underway TEPCO EV study After life Current status of CHAdeMO in Japan More than 1000 DC fast charging station realized Ramp-up of production of a wide range of CHAdeMO compatible vehicles More than 20.000 CHAdeMO vehicles sold November 22, 2011 Slide 20

Consumers like to have these fast charge options available to extend the EVs range 16 hours 100 km 15 hours 300 km 22,5 hours 300 km November 22, 2011 Slide 21

The difference between AC charging and DC charging Low power AC at home & work, public charging is DC AC Charging DC Charging On-board Charger CHAdeMO module DC Fast Charging Station BMS Li-ion battery November 22, 2011 Slide 22

DC fast charging is significantly more capital efficient than AC fast charging AC Charging DC Charging On-board Charger CHAdeMO module DC Fast Charging Station BMS Li-ion battery Every vehicle needs to have it s own costly onboard equipment Infrastructure investment is shared with roughly hundreds of users November 22, 2011 Slide 23

Let s translate to EV deployment Case Man arriving at L3 fast charging station The car can do a maximum charge of 15 minutes to 80% capacity November 22, 2011 Slide 25

Let s translate to EV deployment Suppose we know that this man wants to drive away in 25 minutes How should we charge? November 22, 2011 Slide 26

Let s translate to EV deployment Suppose we know that this man wants to drive away in 25 minutes From a battery life perspective: As slow as possible 25 minutes in stead of 15 minutes November 22, 2011 Slide 27

Let s translate to EV deployment Suppose we know that this man wants to drive away in 25 minutes Suppose we also know that electricity is peaking and will be less expensive in 10 minutes From cost perspective: Wait 10 minutes Perform a 15 minute fast charge November 22, 2011 Slide 29

Let s translate to EV deployment Suppose we know that this man wants to drive away in 25 minutes Suppose we also know that electricity is peaking and will be less expensive in 10 minutes Suppose the station operator knows that a new vehicle will arrive in 10 minutes which needs all available power How should we charge? November 22, 2011 Slide 30

Let s translate to EV deployment Suppose we know that this man wants to drive away in 25 minutes From a service perspective: Suppose we also know that electricity is peaking and will be less expensive in 10 minutes Suppose the station operator knows that a new vehicle will arrive in 10 minutes which needs all available power 10 minute fast charge 15 minute slow top-off Release power for other vehicle November 22, 2011 Slide 31

EVs with the capability to charge at 50 kw DC have reached our markets today Today History 2011 2012 2013 Beyond Legend: LCVs A- and B- segment C- and D- segment G-segment and SUVs Micro-cars and concept cars Fiat/Microv. Peugeot/Citroen Doblo/Fiorino Partner/Berlingo Tesla Roadster Think City Renault Kangoo EV Citroën C-Zero Peugeot ion Mitsubishi i-miev Nissan Leaf Mercedes Vito E-cell Ford Connect Renault Fluence ZE Renault Twizy ZE Renault Zoe ZE Volvo C30 Electric Tesla Model S? Smart ED Toyota FT-EV BMW i3 Volkswagen E-Motion Audi A2 BMW ICV & UCV Black Only AC slow charging (3-6 kw) Blue DC fast charging (50 kw) Red / Green AC semi-fast charging (6-20 kw) November 22, 2011 Slide 32

The Standardization Landscape One objective: safe, simple, affordable, effective, global Industry defacto China Europe US Standard released CHAdeMO DC fast charging IEC 60309-2 IEC 61851-22 Socket/plug (old) AC charge station IEC 61851-1 Charging mode1-4 IEC 61851-21 AC/DC supply SAE J1772 Charging level1-3 AC Plug/socket SAE J2293 Vehicle-pole-grid Standard for review GB/T XXXX-201x Covers everything IEC 62196-2 Socket/plug (new) SAE J2847 SAE J2836-(1-5) -1:Veh.-pole-grid Use cases -2:DC charger -3:rev. power flow -4: car-pole -5: car-user Standard intended Power flow IEC 61851-24 Car charge pole IEC 61851-23 DC charge station SAE J2931 SG interface SAE J1772 Update DC charging November 22, 2011 Slide 33 communication

The AC charging systems for EVs are generally much slower than DC variants Range added through 30 min charging [km] AC Technology DC Technology 80/90kW 120kW 3-6kW 11kW 22kW 50kW Connection Cars on OEM roadmap until 2013 Practically all EVs German / US OEMs

European standardization combo plug post 2012 Mennekes 20/40kW AC 3 phase 80/90 kw 200A 600V DC Pushed by Audi, BMW, Daimler, Porsche, and Volkswagen, in close cooperation with American vehicle manufacturers (GM and Ford). This universal charging system needs only a single charging interface at the vehicle allowing the customer to charge with all existing charging methods: one phase AC-charging, fast threephase AC-charging, DC-charging at home or ultra-fast DC-charging at public charging stations.

EV Charging Infrastructure Product portfolio overview Terra DC Fast Chargers Webconnected intelligent DC fast charging systems Galaxy management tools Webbased management tools for site management, statistics and configuration Houston API Suites Professional backoffice integration interfaces November 22, 2011 Slide 37

Our Terra product line has been designed to cover a wide range of needs Our Multi-Port Solution All-in one stations Modular design NEW Future Proof Software controlled Connected Intelligent Terra 100.2 Terra 51 Terra 51 with AC November 22, 2011 Slide 38

The Terra all-in one station has been designed as a more cost effective system for single outlet market Terra 51 system Modular construction design Future Proof Software controlled (less dependent on protocol / connector) Connected IT interface for control and information Remote control and servicing Intelligent Power routing / load control capabilities per site Multi protocol capabilities Standalone, easy to install, cost effective solution especially aimed at small fleet owners and small & medium sized enterprises November 22, 2011 Slide 39

The Terra Multi-port system has been designed for the public domain Terra 100.2 system Modular Multiple 50 kw outlets Future Proof Software controlled (less dependent on protocol / connector) Customized performance per site Connected IT interface for control and information Remote control and servicing Intelligent Power routing / load control capabilities per site Multi protocol capabilities Power electronics are out of sight allowing for more flexible site design, less impact on public space and improved yearly running cost November 22, 2011 Slide 40

The dual outlet charge post can charge multiple cars simulaneously Output configurations 1 x DC 50kW CHAdeMO 2 x DC 50kW CHAdeMO Combo Coupler / DC-over-Type-2 ready Terra Charge Post Interface options Full color LCD screen 3rd party POS system (RFID or else) Software POS on LCD screen Elegant space saving design allows less impact on public space and installation close to the vehicle s parking space November 22, 2011 Slide 41

The Terra all-in one station with AC option Terra 51 system with AC Option Modular construction design Future Proof NEW Software controlled Connected IT interface for control and information Remote control and servicing Intelligent Power routing / load control capabilities per site Multi protocol capabilities AC option 11-22 kw, Type 2, Mode 3, Certified Metering Standalone, easy to install, cost effective solution especially aimed at small fleet owners and small & medium sized enterprises with AC outlet November 22, 2011 Slide 42

The Luna module enables fast charging to a retrofit or OEM EV according CHAdeMO standard Luna interface module Converts any retrofit or OEM EV (with a Liion battery suitable for fast charging) to fast charge according to the CHAdeMO standard To be connected to any BMS or VMS Easy design-in Preassembled connection box for electric vehicles Includes CHAdeMO female charge connector and prewired safety contactors Adapts your EV s quickly to the CHAdeMO fast charging standard November 22, 2011 Slide 43

ABB provides easy & flexible connectivity to enable your business model and back-office A connected charging infrastructure ABB charging solutions can communicate to other applications via an API interface layer Battery API Scheduling Navigation API Service API Billing API Grid API Reliable technical integration by API approach ABB s offering This allows ABB to do remote monitoring for service and maintenance purposes This layer provides you the interfaces to your applications These applications can enable your Grid load control Point of sale services (e.g. billing and white list) Status information (e.g. scheduling) Etc. November 22, 2011 Slide 45

ABB provides easy & flexible connectivity to enable your business model and back-office A connected charging infrastructure Battery API Scheduling Navigation API Service API Billing API Grid API Reliable technical integration by API approach ABB s offering ABB charging solutions can communicate to other applications via an API interface layer This allows ABB to do remote monitoring for service and maintenance purposes This layer provides you the interfaces to your applications These applications can enable your Grid load control Point of sale services (e.g. billing and white list) Status information (e.g. scheduling) Etc. November 22, 2011 Slide 46

Galaxy, Houston and Helios The software services platform November 22, 2011 Slide 47

Connectivity of the Terra chargers Galaxy and Helios NEW Galaxy Helios 1. Equipment owner or operator 2. End user of the equipment (vehicle driver) 3. Entities impacted by operating the equipment (Utilities and Grid operators) 4. Entities which could be impacted / have benefits of the equipment (Retailers, Spot market traders,..) Houston Terra 1. The ABB Network Operations Center 2. 3 rd party servicing companies Commissioning partners Maintenance and repair partners Support partners 3. ABB Research November 22, 2011 Slide 48

Professional product support in the field via professionally hosted IT A Network Operations Center (NOC) B Professionally hosted IT The Network Operations Center offers monitoring, remote assistance and remote management Platform hosted at a professional third party November 22, 2011 Slide 49

Data Architecture Designed for reliability and security November 22, 2011 Slide 50

PROTOCOL ADAPTERS Back office integration Basic Architecture EV CHARGERS HOUSTON CUSTOMER S Back Office AUTHENTICATION & TRANSACTION SERVER Communication Protocol ABB proprietary OCPP PPNP OCNP November 22, 2011 Slide 51 OCPP

Galaxy webbased management tools Feature overview Webbased site management tool Provides management information on all sites, chargers and charge sessions Map view of charger site locations Real-time status information Usage statistics Energy delivered Remote enable/disable November 22, 2011 Slide 52

Galaxy webbased management tools Feature overview The Galaxy web application is ABB s off-the-shelf management tool designed to interact seamlessly with any Terra charging system Tool allows charging infrastructure owners and operators to access real-time status information and usage statistics from Terra chargers at their sites An operator can use Galaxy to configure the Terra chargers on their sites according to their preference November 22, 2011 Slide 53

Back-office integration API s Authorization and transaction support ABB services Client Client s customers Authorization and Transaction messages protocol adapter The authorization and transaction support APIs connect the chargers to the customer s subscriber management solution and back-office November 22, 2011 Slide 54

Payment methods for DC fast chargers The main customer requests today Network membership models (RFiD smart card) Online / Telco models (various models) Direct payment systems/local payment models Flat-fee ( x / month) Flat-fee + fee per session Flat-fee ( x / month) Pay per use Pay via sms, smartphone, apps Pay per use Free of charge if you buy coffee/lunch Credit-card or pay in shop None of the models seem to focus on payment per kwh! Time-based or session-based fees are the standard November 22, 2011 Slide 55

Back-office integration API s Method 1: Use the built-in RFiD reader with OCPP Customer back-office OCPP Authorization event User ID verification with customer backoffice Aut. & trans. API Houston server User presents RFID card to Terra for Authorization Authorisation via an RFiD smart card can be achieved via the authorisation functionality in OCPP The charger ask for verification of the presented user-id with the customers back-office system At the beginning and end of the charge session the session data (kwh, details) is sent to the customer Back-Office November 22, 2011 Slide 56

Back-office integration API s Method 2: Cloud authorization via OCPP Customer back-office Any other subscriber management or payment mechanism at the customer side OCPP Remote start event Remote stop event Aut. & trans. API Houston server Cloud authorization can simply be achieved via the Remote Start & Remote Stop functionality in OCPP Enabling a multitude of authorisation mechanisms such as SMS, phone, Apps, smartphones, etc. At the start and stop of the session the session data (kwh, details) is sent to the customer back-office November 22, 2011 Slide 57

Back-office integration API s Method 3: Direct Link Customer back-office OCPP Remote start event Remote stop event Aut. & trans. API Houston server A direct connection via Ethernet and an I/O port Interface Unit can be made to connect the Terra charge stations with e.g. local Direct Payment Systems or Warning / Alarm systems). The interface is intended for starting / stopping of transactions, including some status information on the system. November 22, 2011 Slide 58

open interface How to deal with transaction and payment? Many local situations have their own system B2B service software by ABB Open interfaces to B2C service Subscriber management Payment & transactions Equipment maintenance Technical support Smart grid services Local load management Point-of-Interest data (POI) Ancillary sales tools Battery health November 22, 2011 Slide 59 Etc.

Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) The default back-office integration protocol OCPP is an back-office integration protocol specifically designed for EV chargers OCPP is quickly becoming a standard for EV charger back-office integration OCPP is an open protocol, no license fees are required. Specification is managed by steering group including utilities & charger makers More information can be found at: http://www.ocpp.nl/ OCPP November 22, 2011 Slide 60

OCPP implemented in AC charging The current installed base of e-laad since 2009 E-laad & Logica were the first to implement OCPP large scale with AC chargers 547 AC chargers with OCPP installed today since 2009 1500 new chargers allocated and being installed in the next 12 months, all based on OCPP Technology was proven to be robust and durable November 22, 2011 Slide 61

OCPP is supported Europe-wide Fast growing group of adopters OCPP is supported by utilities, charger makers and network operators from Germany, Scandinavia, UK, Ireland, and the Netherlands The Ireland tenders require OCPP as the nationwide back-office protocol ABB offers this functionality also on DC chargers November 22, 2011 Slide 62

open interface Many different payment models will be implemented We need standards and open interfaces Main priorities: Create standardized interfaces short-term many more... Interoperability Based on open protocols Vendor independent, no lockin mechanisms No license fees Not too complicated (long integration projects) November 22, 2011 Slide 63

Example of one situation Two authentication methods at petrol station BP petrol station Delfgauw, NL at A13 highway exit Two payment methods were implemented: 1. Pay 8,00 in the shop per session 2. Membership model via network operator thenewmotion (flat-fee+ fee per session, log-in via RFiD) Interface to the back-office via OCPP (Open Charge Point Protocol) November 22, 2011 Slide 64

Example of one other situation Pay-per-use model + ancillary sales Dual DC fast charger at Novotel Amsterdam near A10 highway exit Operated by utility RWE/Essent Payment method: 1. RFiD cards based membership model 2. Small monthly membership fee with (RWE/Essent) 3. 4,00 per charge session 4. You can utilize free Wifi at the Novotel and buy coffee, snacks, lunch, etc. Interface to the back-office via customized protocol November 22, 2011 Slide 65

Terra chargers have an optional RFiD reader Enabling authentication via customer supplied cards Our RFID reader is ISO14443A compliant It supports the following tag Ics mifare Standard mifare 4k mifare Pro X mifare Ultralight mifare DESFire (Serial No. only) SLE66R35 SLE44R35 ISO 14443A Tags The customer to provide a CSV file of UIDs and card numbers Our current RFID reader does not support encryption; By the end of 2011 we will switch to a new reader which does. November 22, 2011 Slide 66

Service and Support for Terra Charge Products Remote assistance by our Network operations Center Network Operations Center (NOC) Service and support from the people who know your ABB EV charging equipment best Various service level agreements including: On call response Preventive maintenance Pro-active equipment monitoring Hard- and Software updates Hard- & Software support November 22, 2011 Slide 67

November 22, 2011 Slide 69

November 22, 2011 Slide 70

November 22, 2011 Slide 71

November 22, 2011 Slide 72 It is all about making your business model work We are looking forward to (em)power you!

Contact information Steven Dorresteijn Sales Manager Europe ABB b.v. Product Group EV Charging Infrastructure Delftweg 65 2289 BA Rijswijk The Netherlands M: +31 6 2342 7031 E: sdorresteijn@epyonpower.com I: www.epyonpower.com November 22, 2011 Slide 73