International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology ISSN: 2456-7655; Ipact Factor: RJIF 5.54 www.newengineeringjournal.co Volue 1; Issue 2; May 217; Page No. 16-21 Design starting capasitor otor subersible pup with Zelio SR2B121FU Adhi Kusantoro, Agus Nuwolo Departent of Electrical Engineering, Universitas PGRI Searang, Searang, Indonesia Abstract In the single phase induction otor cannot start itself. To be able to start their own, the otor requires tools that are used at the start or during the otor is running. For this type of subersible pup otor capacitor is outside the otor, because the otor subersible pup iersed in water. At the present tie in Indonesia starting subersible pups have faced probles, especially relay on the capacitor is not able to work optially, so do soe research to design a subersible pup starting to iprove. This research is a case study that ais to iprove the perforance of a single-phase subersible pup. Subersible pup otor works with DOL ethod. This ethod produces a high starting current is 27 A in a tie of.25 seconds. Flow starting on coils 1 A and just walk around.25 seconds. After.25 seconds coils are disconnected fro the ain circuit so no current flows. Working voltage on the capacitor 11 V and is only used for starting in a tie of.25 seconds. Graph speed subersible pup otor produces 295 rp speed at 2.5 seconds. Syste starting capacitor single-phase subersible pup ore effectively by using Zelio SR2B121FU. Starting of subersible pups with DOL ethod has a starting current of 27 A and full load current 1 A. Penegendalian subersible pup otor single phase using Zelio SR2B121FU provide security in operating it. The tie needed to disconnect the capacitor fro the coils using RSL1PVBU relay by.25 seconds. Keywords: otor capasitor controller, capacitors otor, subersible pup 1. Introduction Deep well used to the sall industry, residential lots that use subersible pup otor single phase. Motor used is starting capacitor otor type. This otor has advantages in ters of technical and econoical aspects. Technical point of this bike has great power, the construction is siple, sturdy and easy aintenance, while econoically the otor has a low price. But in reality a single-phase subersible pup otors often run into probles when the otor is working. Starting capacitor used often daaged. This is due to the starting capacitor relay does not work effectively to disconnect the capacitor fro the circuit when the otor speed is already above 75% (M.Babu, 216) [9]. One alternative to overcoe the shortage of otor capacitor subersible pup is prograed using the syste controller. Control syste is prograed to set the starting capacitor and the pup control process. Along with technological developent or operation of a otor control syste which is inexpensive and easily used. Operation is easy and cheap that using Zelio sart relay. Zelio sart relay included in the Schneider PLC failies and does not require a lot of I / O as well as facilities used siple. Based on these descriptions author tries to ake the starting capacitor control systes and pup control suberisble. By using a prograable controller systes Zelio sart relay is expected to reduce the proble at the otor starting capacitors. The pup is a achine or echanical equipent used to raise the liquid fro the lowlands to the highlands or to drain fluid fro the low-pressure areas stricken area of high pressure and flow rate as well as an aplifier on a network syste piping. This is achieved by creating a low pressure at the inlets or the suction and high pressure at the exit or discharge of the pup (V.Vivek, 22) [2]. Subersible pup (pup-unders) is also called the electric subersible pup (ESP) is operated pup in the water and will be daaged if operated in a state there is no continuous water. This type of pup has a iniu height of water that can be puped and ust be et when working so that the pup long life tie. This type of pup type centrifugal pup. Centrifugal pup itself principle works to change kinetic energy (velocity) of fluid into potential energy (dynaic) through a rotating ipeller in the casing (M.Babu, 216) [9]. Fig 1: Subersible pups Here are the advantages of this type of subersible pups: a) Low aintenance cost b) Not noisy, because it is in the well c) The pup has a natural coolant, because his position is suberged in water d) The pup syste does not use a long drive shaft and bearing, so the proble is coon on the surface of the pup (Jet Pup) such as bearing and shaft wear does not occur. 16
Fig 2: Syste connection to the otor capacitor On this kind of Grundfos subersible pup otors are given a sign with a different cable colors. To be connected to the capacitor with cable color black, while the color of the cable connected to the power grid. Construction of single phase induction otor is alost equal to the three-phase induction otor rotor cage, which distinguishes the stator coils for a single phase coil. Single phase induction otors are usually equipped with the necessary centrifugal switch the starting tie, the switch will disconnect the supply voltage to the coils after the otor reaches a speed of 75% s.d 1% of the noinal speed of the otor. By connecting a single phase induction otor to a source of alternating voltage single phase, the stator coils will generate the sinusoidal flux (T. R. Brinner, 24) [19]. The agnetic flux is only a pulsation flux, flux is not a swivel, so it does not rotate the rotor at rest, just round the flux generated. So the single-phase induction otor can not start itself. To be able to start their own, otors require tools, there are tools used at the start or during the otor is running. Construction of otor capacitor is alost the sae as split phase otors, the difference is only in the addition of unit capacitors connected in series with the priary coil or coils. Capacitors are usually placed on the outside of the otor or be inside the otor hoe (Sapna Khanchi, 213) [16]. During the period fro the start and the auxiliary winding priary coil is connected to a voltage source and closed centrifugal switch position. Coils connected in series with the capacitor and centrifugal switch. After the rotation of the otor to reach 75% of the noinal speed centrifugal switch will be open so that the otor only works with the ain coil only. Round agnetic field to be generated in the otor so arises a phase difference of 9 between the priary coil with electric coils. Capacitors are used to carry current to the coils to achieve the axiu price before the current fro the priary coil reaches its axiu, so the flow of the coils will precede the current fro the priary coil. This condition will produce a rotating agnetic field in the stator, which will result in the otor rotor will rotate. At the start otor will generate torque start (asut) is high when the capacitor connected in series with coils. Installation of capacitor increase the phase angle between the coil current. Equivalent circuit capacitor otors start when the starting (starting) can be expressed by the following equation (Gupta J. B., 25): Fig 3: Vector capacitor currents start Fig 4: Circuit capacitor start Zelio Sart Relay is ade by Schneider Teleecanique. Available in two odels, naely odels of copact and odular odels. If necessary you can add I / O odules addition (expansion I / O odules), both I / O and discrete I / O analog. Soe other options can also be added (MODBUS counications and Meory Module). Prograing on Zelio Sart Relay can be done in two ways, first using a prograing console (provided the screen and progra buttons integrated on the device Zelio) and the second using the help of a PC (personal coputer) (N.R.Chitragar, 215). 2. Methodology 2.1 Data observation Observations conducted data includes data deep well, pup otor specification. Motors used GRUNDFOS SP 3A - 15. The pup is installed at a depth of 8 eters. X C 1 X C a RaR Z X C X a 1 RaR Z X Fig 5: Caracteristic of the subersuble pup SP 3A-15 (Grundfos, 214). 17
Grundfos pup used with the following data: a) Type SP 3A-15 b) Capacity 3 3 / ja c) Source voltage single phase d) 2 pole (295 rp) e) 5 Hz f) 1,1 KW Fig 7: The design of power circuit Fig 8: The design of the control circuit Fig 6: Deep well construction 2.2 The design of the control circuit and power Control circuits using the following coponents: a) PLC Zelio SR2B121FU. b) Relay RSL1PVBU. c) Pilot lap 22 V. d) Pushbutton (start dan stop). e) Selektor switch (Man, Off, Auto). f) WLC (water level control). In designing the power circuit shown in Figure 3.4 is only required coponent of agnetic contactor (MC), overload relays (OL) and MCB single phase. Motor pups used to have a voltage of 22 V. The capacitors used starting the pup otor has a value of 225 μf, 22 V. Used as a relay output interface Zelio PLC with a agnetic contactor (MC) and the interface between the otor coils and capacitors. 3. Results and Discussion 3.1 The results of the progra design LD In designing the progra using Zelio Zelio Soft 2. and the selected language progra ladder diagra (LD). In the anufacture of ladder diagra to follow the algorith control process shown in Figure 1. At the tie of initial conditions WLC sensor will provide inforation on the water level in the tank and deep well. If the condition of deep well water level is less, then the subersible pup can not or should not work. If the water level is less than or epty tank, the subersible pup should work to replenish water in the sup. Starting relay pup otor capacitor is governed by oron relay controlled by progra Zelio Soft 2.. In the design of subersible pup control can be done anually or autoatically. Work or cessation of subersible pups depends on the sensitivity of the sensor WLC. To run the subersible pup otor starting relay capacitor is required to work for two seconds to disconnect the capacitor fro the otor coils. Subersible pups can be operated anually or autoatic perfored with the selector switch (I1 and I6). Input fro Zelio SR2B121FU is ore current sensors (OL), water tank level sensor and wells (single WLC) and push button start and stop. 18
Fig 11: LD Starting the otor and pup indicator Fig 9: LD starting capacitors and sensors Subersible pup otor works with DOL ethod. This ethod produces a high starting current is 27 A in a tie of.25 seconds. Graph priary coil current and the coils are shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13. Motor used to work at full load current of 1A. 3 ARUS BEBAN PENUH MOTOR POMPA 2 1 ARUS -1-2 -3 x 1 4 Fig 12: Starting current and full-load current. 2 15 ARUS KUMPARAN UTAMA 1 5 ARUS -5-1 -15-2 -25 x 1 4 Fig 13: Current ain winding Fig 1: Algorith Zelio Soft progra In the figure 13 indicates current coils starting at 1 A and just walk around.25 seconds. After.25 seconds coils are disconnected fro the ain circuit so no current flows. Working voltage on the capacitor 11 V and is only used for starting in a tie of.25 seconds. 19
15 1 5 ARUS ARUS KUMPARAN BANTU process of controlling the pup is equipped with a pup indicator work and the pup stops working (for overcurrent / OL break, the water level tank is full, the water level of wells less). When the relay starting capacitor is not working otor current is 27 A. This causes the subersible pup otor ay burn if safety overcurrent (OL) does not iediately cut off the otor of the source voltage of 22 V. -5-1 TEGANGAN NM 1 8 6 4 2 KECEPATAN -15 15 1 5-5 -1 Fig.14. Current auxiliary winding TEGANGAN KAPASITOR -15 Fig 15: Voltage capacitors TORSI MOTOR -2 x 1 4 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Fig 16: Torque otors GRAFIK KECEPATAN MOTOR POMPA -2 Fig 17: Subersible otor speed Subersible pup otor speed graph shown in Figure 17 which shows the speed of 295 rp in 2.5 seconds. In the x 1 4 x 1 4 x 1 4 4. Conclusion Subersible pup otor has advantages in ters of its technical and econoical. Technical point of this bike has great power, the construction is siple, sturdy and easy aintenance, while econoically the otor has a low price. But in reality a single-phase subersible pup otors often run into probles when the otor is working. Starting capacitor used often daaged. This is due to the starting capacitor relay does not work effectively to disconnect the capacitor fro the circuit when the otor speed is already above 75%. One alternative to overcoe the shortage of otor capacitor subersible pup is prograed using the syste controller. Control syste is prograed to set the starting capacitor and the pup control process. Along with technological developent or operation of a otor control syste which is inexpensive and easily used. Operation is easy and cheap that using Zelio sart relay. Zelio sart relay included in the Schneider PLC failies and does not require a lot of I / O as well as facilities used siple. Based on these descriptions author tries to ake the starting capacitor control systes and pup control suberisble. By using a prograable controller systes Zelio sart relay is expected to reduce the proble at the otor starting capacitors. The pup is a achine or echanical equipent used to raise the liquid fro the lowlands to the highlands or to drain fluid fro the low-pressure areas stricken area of high pressure and flow rate as well as an aplifier on a network syste piping. This is achieved by creating a low pressure at the inlets or the suction and high pressure at the exit or discharge of the pup. Based on the design, testing and analysis has been done in this study, it can be concluded as follows: to run the subersible pup otor starting relay capacitor is required to work for two seconds to disconnect the capacitor fro the otor coils. Subersible pups can be operated anually or autoatic perfored with the selector switch (I1 and I6). Input fro Zelio SR2B121FU is ore current sensors (OL), water tank level sensor and wells (single WLC) and push button start and stop. The use of WLC Oron in detecting water levels in the water tank and the water level in the wellbore work effectively provide inforation to the sart relay. At first sensor WLC will provide inforation on the water level in the tank and deep well. If the condition of deep well water level is less, then the subersible pup cannot or should not work. If the water level is less than or epty tank, the subersible pup should work to replenish water in the sup. Starting relay pup otor capacitor is governed by oron relay controlled by progra Zelio Soft 2.. In the design of subersible pup control can be done anually or autoatically. Work or cessation of subersible pups depends on the sensitivity of the sensor WLC. The use of prograing languages ladder diagra (LD) is very helpful in the design process starting subersible pup otors. In designing the power circuit is only required coponent of agnetic contactor (MC), overload relays (OL) and MCB single phase. Motor pups 2
used to have a voltage of 22 V. The capacitors used starting the pup otor has a value of 225 μf, 22 V. Used as a relay output interface Zelio PLC with a agnetic contactor (MC) and the interface between the otor coils and capacitors. While the design of the control circuits required coponents, ie PLC Zelio SR2B121FU, Relay RSL1PVBU, pushbutton (start and stop), selector switch (three positions), and the WLC (water level control). Grundfos pup used with the data include: Type SP 3A-15, capacity of 3 3 / hour, source voltage single phase, 2 pole (295 rp), 5 Hz, 1.1 KW. Grundfos pup ounted on a deep well with a depth of 8 eters. Subersible pup otor works with DOL ethod. This ethod produces a high starting current is 27 A in a tie of.25 seconds. Graph priary coil current and the coils are shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13. Motor used to work at full load current of 1A. In the figure 13 indicates current coils starting at 1 A and just walk around.25 seconds. After.25 seconds coils are disconnected fro the ain circuit so no current flows. Working voltage on the capacitor 11 V and is only used for starting in a tie of.25 seconds.subersible pup otor speed graph shown in Figure 17 which shows the speed of 295 rp in 2.5 seconds. In the process of controlling the pup is equipped with a pup indicator work and the pup stops working (for overcurrent / OL break, the water level tank is full, the water level of wells less). When the relay starting capacitor is not working otor current is 27 A. This causes the subersible pup otor ay burn if safety overcurrent (OL) does not iediately cut off the otor of the source voltage of 22 V. Developent of the starting capacitor for subersible pups still very uch needed, because soe brands are still a lot of subersible pups have probles in starting capacitors, so that the subersible pup efficiency is still low. Starting capacitor subersible pups can be developed using a icrocontroller and handler are already using kogic fuzzy controller. 5. References 1. Danila I, Margineanu R. Capeanu, C. Suciu, I. Boian. The Optiization of the Single/Two Phase Induction Motor Start-up with Electronically Switched Capacitor. IEEE International Conference on Autoation, Quality & Testing, Robotics. 28; 3:45-453. 2. Lettenaier A, Novotny DWT, Lipo TA. Single-phase induction otor with an electronically controlled capacitor. IEEE Trans. Industrial Applications. 1991; 27(1):38-43. 3. Suciu C, Dafinca L, Kansara M, Margineanu I. Switched Capacitor Fuzzy Control for Power Factor Correction in Inductive Circuits. IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. 2; 2:773-777. 4. Grundfos SP. Installation and Operating Instructions. Denark, 214. 5. Gupta JB. Theory & Perforance of Electrical Machines; 14th Ed.; Nai Sarak, Delhi; S. K. Kataria & Sons, 25. 6. Sundaresswaren K. An Iproved Energy-Saving Schee for Capacitor-Run Induction Motor. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electronics. 21; 48:238-24. 7. Choat M, Lipo TA. Adjustable-Speed Single-Phase IM Drive With Reduced Nuber of Switches. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 23; 39(3):819-825. 8. Choat M, Lipov TA. Adjustable-Speed Single-Phase IM Drive With Reduced Nuber of Switches. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 23; 39(3):819-825. 9. Babu Prasad M, Dr. Sudha M. Autoation of Subersible Pups and Design Using Theory of Innovation and Solving (Triz) Technology. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology. 216; 7(1):925-927. 1. Mehta VK, Mehta Rohit. Principles of Electrical Machines, 2nd Ed., New Delhi,S. Chand & Copany Liited, 29. 11. Chitragar NR, Sudhakar CJ. A Review on Prograable Logical Controller Based Multiple Switching Syste for Electrical Appliances. International Journal of Innovative Research In Electrical, Electronics, Instruentation And Control Engineering. 215, 3(12). 12. Sadowski N, Carlson R, Arruda SR, da Silva CA, Lajoic- Mazcnc M. Siulation of Single-phase Induction Motor by a General Method Coupling Field and Circuit Equations. IEEE Trans. on Magn. 1995; 31(3):198-1911. 13. Parekh R. AC Induction Motor Fundaentals; U.S.A.; Microchip Technology Inc. AN887; DS887A, 23. 14. Stephen D. Uans. Steady-State, Luped-Paraeter Model for Capacitor-Run, Single-Phase Induction Motors. IEEE Trans. on Magn. 1996; 32(1):169-179. 15. Reicy S, Vaez-Zadeh S. Vector Control of Single-Phase Induction Machine With Maxiu Torque Operation. Proc. ISIE. 25, 3:923-928. 16. Sapna Khanchi, Vijay Kuar Garg. Power Factor Iproveent of Induction Motor by Using Capasitors. International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT). 213, 4(7). 17. Liu TH. A Maxiu Torque Control with a Controlled Capacitor for a Single-Phase Induction Motor. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 1995; 42(1):17-24. 18. Thornton EJ, Arintor JR. The Fundaentals of AC Electric Induction Motor Design Application; Proceedings of the 2th International Pup Syposiu, 28. 19. Brinner TR, Atkins JD, Durha MO. Electric subersible pup grounding. IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 24; 4(5):1418-1426. 2. Vivek V, Ua G, Kuudini Devi RP, Chellauthu C. Perforance Of Induction Motor Driven Subersible Pup Using Matlab/Siulink. IEEE International Conference On Power Syste. 22; 2:765-768. 21. Chen YT, Lin WM, Liu YH. Analysis and Design of the Diable Electronic Ballast Controlled by a Switch- Controlled Capacitor. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 25; 52(6):1564-1572. 21