2003 Railway Dynamics Studies at CITEF with SIMPACK Jenny Paulin citef.jpaulin@etsii.upm.es Berta Suárez citef.bsuarez@etsii.upm.es CITEF UPM Centro de Investigación en Tecnologías Ferroviarias Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
to CITEF 2 UPM Universidad Politécnica de Madrid ETSII Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales CITEF Centro de Investigación en Tecnologías Ferroviarias C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2; E-28006 Madrid; Tel.: 0034 91 336 32 12 SIMPACK modelling group (3 people) Prof. Dr. Carlos Vera Berta Suárez Jenny Paulin Pablo Rodríguez (director) (project director) (project engineer) (project engineer)
Projects 3 Railway dynamics in SIMPACK models Catenary models Coupled model: pantograph catenary Rolling stock Student projects Future projects Switch modelling Railway track stiffness transition
Aerial conductor rails 4 Conductor rail main application in Metro systems replaces conventional overhead lines in tunnels 2 materials: aluminium (rail) & copper (contact wire) Aluminium rail Support Copper contact wire
Conductor rail as an elastic body 5 SIMPACK MODEL: Conductor rail (includes supports) modelled as an elastic body in a FEM program supports are included in the FEM model modes up to 30 Hz are included in FEMBS tracks with lengths >300 m modelled Supports that carry the conductor rail every 10 m are modelled in the FEM program and are not shown here.
3-D model 6 SIMPACK MODEL: three-dimensional model in SIMPACK conventional design with two conductor strips Head with two contact strips Head suspension Upper arm Joints Lower arm base
Technical data 7 MODELLING of pantograph 3-D CAD-drawings including real values for: mass inertia moments geometry
Experimental data 8 Damping values were obtained by experiments to estimate damping of pantograph s head suspension friction loss in the joints Two types of experiments were conducted Experiment for determining damping of head suspension Experiment for determining friction loss in joints
Experimental data 9 Comparison of the results for head suspension damping 4 3 25 exp Frequency domain aceleracion en g 2 1 0 140 120 100 Transformada de Fourier f = 6 Hz simpack exp -1 FFT 80-2 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 t [s] 40 Time domain 60 20 f = 5 Hz f = 7 Hz 0 10 0 10 1 10 2 Frecuencia[Hz]
Additional forces 10 Static force, F static = 100 N Aerodynamic force, F aero = 10 N (for v>100 km/h) Cam - chain Spring F aero = 10 N
Contact problem 11 Coupled SIMPACK model: CONDUCTOR RAIL & PANTOGRAPH OBJECTIVES dynamic behaviour analysis calculation of contact forces that appear between contact strips and conductor rail (wear) How do we model the contact between contact strips and conductor rail? solution 1 simple contact model solution 2 complex contact model
Contact problem 1 12 Solution 1: Simple contact model FE-18 unilateral sping-damper used for contact spring Moved point (moved marker) on the conductor rail z k Contact spring (works only when contact) Fixed point (marker) on contact strip
Contact problem 2 13 Solution 2: Complex contact model (introducing contact surfaces) MM-87 surface/surface 3-D contact used for moved points FE-18 unilateral sping-damper used for contact spring Contact wire d min d k Contact spring Moved points on surfaces (moved markers) Contact strip (pantograph)
Contact problem 2 14 Solution 2: Complex contact model (introducing contact surfaces) How do we move the contact surface along the elastic contact wire?
Special moved marker 15 Conductor rail: SPECIAL MOVED MARKER (USER ROUTINE) MM that moves along the elastic body (contact wire) MM allows use of several sections MM can be used in models with several pantographs MM essential for section overlapping
Special moved marker 16 Conductor rail: SPECIAL MOVED MARKER Example in SIMPACK: Section overlapping
Calculation - Results 17 Results: CONTACT FORCE GRAPH & STATISTICS Total Mean Force [N] 102.38 Standard Deviation [N] 6.78 Statistical Max. [N] 122.71 Statistical Min. [N] 82.06 Actual Max. [N] 129.68 Actual Min. [N] 83.82 Red: leading contact strip Blue: trailing contact strip Green: total contact force
Calculation - Results 18 PARAMETRIC VARIATION Running velocity standard deviation, σ Distance between supports Assessing current collection quality 16 14 12 10 Running Velocity Variation 8 6 4 180 160 2 0 Contact Force [N] 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 10m 90km/h 10m 110km/h 10m 130km/h 12m 110km/h 14m 110km/h 0 Mean Force [N] Standard Deviation [N] Statistical Maximum [N] Statistical Minimum [N] Actual Maximum [N] Actual Minimum [N] Statistics
Future work 19 Elastic pantograph head Wear on contact strips and contact wire Modelling a conventional catenary LOADS (data transfer SIMPACK FEM)
SIMPACK 20 Rolling stock Example for the model of a detailed motorized bogie CAD model SIMPACK model
Student projects 21 Bogie over an elastic bridge Roller rig Passive and active steering Ergonomics of an urban coach Railway collision: implications on passengers Brake system of a freight car Detailed Model of an urban bogie Stability, comfort and derailment criteria Passive and active tilting Active suspensions
SIMPACK 2003 22 FIN...