MHI Copy 3 Ad FM 30-41 UNCLASSIFIED WAR DEPARTMENT BASIC FIELD MANUAL MILITARY INTELLIGENCE IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES May 27, 1941 eaie'o UNCLASSIFIED w undod DIR. 5200. 1 R F L Cop nk" I N E T R E~Slk UNCLASSIFIED
FM 30-41 BASIC FIELD MANUAL MILITARY INTELLIGENCE IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES Prepared under direction of the Chief of Staff UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1941
WAR DEPARTMENT, WASHINGTON, May 27, 1941. FM 30-41, Military Intelligence, Identification of British Armored Vehicles, is published for the information and guidance of all concerned. [A. G. 062.11 (4-2-41).] BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF WAR: G. C. MARSHALL, Chief of Staff. OFFICIAL: E. S. ADAMS, Major General, The Adjutant General. Distribution: X (For explanation of symbols, see FM 21-6.) 3U
TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTIoN I. General. Paragraph Page Purpose -- 1 1 Scope - -- ----_ 2 1 Method of identifiication and classification of armored vehicles_ 3 1 II. Armored vehicles of the British Army_ 3 U'I
FM 30-41 BASIC FIELD MANUAL MILITARY INTELLIGENCE IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES SECTION I GENERAL CO 1. PURPOSE.-The purpose of this manual is to serve as a guide in the identification of armored vehicles of the British Army. The material is the best available but may be incomplete and, in some respects, inaccurate. N 2. SCOPE.-This manual, containing illustrations with explanatory data relative to British armored vehicles, is published for limited distribution. When illustrations are not given, blank spaces have been left so that they may be added when provided. The manual will be used for instruction of officers and men in the appearance and general characteristics of armored vehicles and will be safeguarded as prescribed in AR 380-5. U 3. METHOD OF IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES.-For method of identification and classification of armored vehicles see FM 30-40. 1
SECTION II ARMORED VEHICLES OF THE 3
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE SCOUT CAR GUY ARMORED CAR 1. Crew: Three. 12. Drive: 2. Armament: One 15-mm Besa 13. Speed: machine gun; one 7.92-mm Cross-country: 16 miles Besa machine gun. per hour. 3. Ammunition: 150 rounds for Road: 24 miles per hour. gun; 2,250 rounds for Maximum: 40 miles per machine gun. hour. 4. Armor, thickness: 0.55 inch. 14. Cruising radius, at Upper structure: speed 200 miles. Front: 15. Operating distance without Sides: refill: 5. Turret: 16. Gear speeds and ratios: 6. Vision: Triplex glass block 17. Turning radius: slits, Grundlach periscope, 18. Suspension, t y p e: Au totelescopic sight. mobile, four wheels. 7. Ventilation: 19. Performance: 8. Communications: 2 - way Gr o u n d clearance: 12 radio. inches. 9. Dimensions: Climbs 25 slopes. Length: 14 feet, 6 inches. Negotiates vertical ob- Width: 7 feet 1 inch. stacle high. Height: 8 feet 1 inch. Crosses trenches 10. Weight: 5.6 tons. wide. 11. Motor: Meadows. Fords streams 1 foot 7 Type: 4-cylinder. inches deep. Cooling system: 20. Remarks: The Guy is in- Horsepower: 53 horse- tended to replace Morris power at 2,400 revolu- Armored Reconnaissance tions per minute. Car. Horsepower per ton: 9.5. 4
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES SCOUT CAR GUY ARMORED CAR Top. Front. Rear. Side. 314751 - -41--2 5
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE SCOUT CAR MORRIS ARMORED RECONNAISSANCE CAR 1. Crew: Four. 12. Drive: 2. Armament: One.303-cal. 13. Speed: Bren machine gun; one.55 Cross-country: 24 miles Boys antitank rifle. per hour. 3. Ammunition: Road: 45 miles per hour. 4. Armor, thickness: % inch. Maximum: 65 miles per Upper structure: hour. Front: 14. Cruising radius, at ------ Sides: speed 240 miles. 5. Turret: 15. Operating distance without 6. Vision: refill: Capacity, 30 gallons. 7. Ventilation: 16. Gear speeds and ratios: 8. Communications: Radio. 17. Turning radius: 9. Dimensions: 18. Suspension, type: Automo- Length: bile, four wheels. Width: 19. Performance: Height: Ground clearance: 10. Weight: 4.48 tons. Climbs - slopes. 11. Motor: Morris. Type: 6 cylinders. Negotiates vertical obstacle high. Cooling system: Horsepower: 99.5 horse- Crosses trenches - wide. power at 3,000 revolu- Fords streams -_ tions per minute. deep. Horsepower per ton: 20. Remarks: 6
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES SCOUT CAR MORRIS ARMORED RECONNAISSANCE CAR Top. Front. Rear. Side. 7
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE HUMBER ARMORED CAR 1. Crew: Three. Horsepower: 2. Armament: One machine Horsepower per ton: gun, 7.92-cal.; one machine 12. Drive: gun, 15-mm. 13. Speed: 3. Ammunition: 2,250 rounds Cross-country: for light machine gun; 150 Road: rounds for heavy machine Maximum: gun. 14. Cruising radius, at ------ 4. Armour, thickness: 0.55 inch. speed ------ miles. Upper structure: 15. Operating distance without Front: refill: Sides: 16. Gear speeds and ratios: 5. Turret: 17. Turning radius: 6. Vision: 18. Suspension, type: 7. Ventilation: 19. Performance: 8. Communications: Radio. Ground clearance: 9. Dimensions: Climbs ------ slopes. Length: Negotiates vertical ob- Width: stacle high. Height: Crosses trenches ------ 10. Weight: wide. 11. Motor: Fords streams ------ Type: Karrier-6-cylin- deep. der. 20. Remarks: Cooling system: 8
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES HUMBER ARMORED CAR Top. Front. Rear. Side. 9
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE SCOUT CAR BSA 1. Crew: Two. 12. Drive: 2. Armament: One.303-cal. 13. Speed: Bren machine gun. Cross-country: 20 miles 3. Ammunition: 2,500 rounds per hour. (estimate). Road: 35 miles per hour. 4. Armor, thickness: Maximum: 55 miles per Upper structure: 1 inch. hour. Front: /1 6 inch. 14. Cruising radius, at -------- Sides: 1/4 inch. speed 200 miles. 5. Turret: 15. Operatiig distance without 6. Vision: Slits with triplex refill: blocks. 16. Gear speeds and ratios: 7. Ventilation: 17. Turning radius: 8. Communications: Voice, no 18. Suspension, type: Automoradio. bile, four wheels inde- 9. Dimensions: pendently sprung. Length: 10 feet 5 inches. 19. Performance: Width: 6 feet 7 inches. Ground clearance: 10 Height: 5 feet. inches. 10. Weight: 2/ tons (approxi- Climbs - o slopes. mate). Negotiates vertical ob- 11. Motor: Daimler. stacle ------ high. Type: 6-cylinder. Crosses trenches Cooling system:. Water. wide. Horsepower: 18 horse- Fords streams ------ power. deep. Horsepower per ton: 20. Remarks: 10
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES SCOUT CAR BSA Top. 1-I 1W, Front. Rear. Side. The above silhouettes were prepared from a sketch and are not extremely accurate. 11
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE LIGHT TANK MARK VI 1. Crew: Three. 13. Speed: 2. Armament: One.50-cal. ma- Cross-country: 23 miles chine gun; one.303-cal. per hour. machine gun. Road: 3. Ammunition: 2,500 rounds Maximum: 30 miles per.50-cal.; 2,500 rounds.303- hour. cal. 14. Cruising radius, at ------ 4. Armor, thickness: 0.55 inch. speed, 150 miles. Upper structure: 15. Operating distance without Front: 0.55 inch. refill: Capacity, 42 gallons. Sides: 0.51 inch. 16. Gear speeds and ratios: Four 5. Turret: One. forward, one reverse. 6. Vision: S. SB. T. 17. Turning radius: 16 feet (es- 7. Ventilation: No special sys- timated). tem. 18. Suspension, type: Two 8. Communications: bogies, eight bogie wheels, Internal: Voice tube. two track support wheels. External: Wireless, flag. 19. Performance: 9. Dimensions: Ground clearance: Length: 13 feet. Climbs 25 slopes. Width: 6 feet 8 inches. Negotiates vertical ob- Height: 6 feet 9 inches. stacle 2 feet high. 10. Weight: 6.27 tons. Crosses trenches 4 feet 11. Motor: Meadows. wide. Type: 6-cylinder. Fords streams 2 feet Cooling system: Water. 6 inches deep. Horsepower: 88 horse- 20. Remarks: Rough riding and power at 3,000 revolu- unsteady as a gun plattions per minute. form. Similar in appear- Horsepower per ton: 14. ance to Light Tank Mark 12. Drive: VI-C. 12
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES LIGHT TANK MARK VI Top. I FTont. Rear, Side. 314751"--41--- 13
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE LIGHT TANK MARK VI-B. 1. Crew: Three. 13. Speed: 2. Armament: One.50-cal. ma- Cross-country: 23 miles chine gun; one.303-cal. per hour. machine gun. Road: 3. Ammunition: 2,500 rounds Maximum: 30 miles per.50-cal.; 2,500 rounds.303- hour. cal. 14. Cruising radius at -------- 4. Armor, thickness: 0.55 inch. speed 150 miles. Upper structure: 15. Operating distance without Front: 0.55 inch. refill: Capacity, 42 gallons. Sides: 0.51 inch. 16. Gear speeds and ratios: Four 5. Turret: One. forward, one reverse. 6. Vision: S. SB. T. 17. Turning radius: 16 feet (es- 7. Ventilation: No special sys- timated). tem. 18. Suspension, type: Two bo- 8. Communications: gies, eight bogie wheels, Internal: Voice tube. two track support wheels. External: Wireless, flag. 19. Performance: 9. Dimensions: Ground clearance: Length: 13 feet. Climbs 250 slopes. Width: 6 feet 8 inches. Negotiates vertical ob- Height: 6 feet 9 inches. stacle 2 feet high. 10. Weight: 6.27 tons. Crosses trenches 4 feet 11. Motor: Meadows. wide. Type: 6-cylinder. Cooling system: Water. Fords streams 2 feet 6 inches deep. Horsepower: 88 horse- 20. Remarks: Rough riding and power at 3,000 revolu- unsteady as a gun plattions per minute. form. When Besa gun Horsepower per ton: 14. substituted for Vickers 12. Drive: Clutch brake? machine gun, tank called Mark VI-C. is 14
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES LIGHT TANK MARK VI-B Top. I Front. Side. Side. 15
-. MILITARY INTELLIGENCE LIGHT TANK MARK VII 1. Crew: Three. power at 2,800 revolu- 2. Armament: One 40-mm tions per minute. gun, one 7.92-mm ma- Horsepower per ton: chine gun: two smoke dis- 21.04. chargers. 12. Steering, brake or controlled 3. Ammunition: 50 rounds 40- differential: Curving track, mm; 2,025 rounds 7.92- also auxiliary brake steermm; 8 rounds 4-inch ing. smoke. 13. Speed: 4. Armor, thickness: 0.55 inch. Cross-country: Upper structure: Road: Front: 0.63 inch. Maximum: 40 miles per Sides: hour. 5. Turret: 14. Cruising radius, at 3. Ammunition: 50 rounds 40- speed 200 miles. episcope, triplex blocks.. 15. Operating distance without 7. Ventilation: Two radiators refill: Capacity, 50.6 galin rear draw gases from lons. fighting compartment.. 16. Gear speeds and ratios: Five 8. Communications: Radio, forward, one reverse. lamp, flag. Internal: tele- 17. Turning radius: 87 feet. phone using radio set. 18. Suspension, type: Christie 9. Dimensions: type, eight wheels 28.5 Length: 13 feet 5 inches. inches in diameter. (14 feet 1 inch with 19. Performance: gun to front). Ground clearance: 14 Width: 7 feet 7 inches. inches. Height: 6 feet 11 1 2 Climbs 35 slopes. inches with periscope; Negotiates vertical ob- 6 feet 71/2 inches with- stacle 2 feet high. out periscope. Crosses trenches 5 feet 10. Weight: 7.84 tons. wide. li. Motor: Meadows. Fords streams 2 feet Type: 12-cylinder. deep. Cooling system: Water. 20. Remarks: Latest and final Horsepower: 165 horse- type light tank. 16:
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES LIGHT TANK MARK VII Top. Front. Side. Side. 17
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE LIGHT TANK (Similar to United States Army Light Tank M2A4) 18
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES LIGHT TANK (Similar to United States Army Light Tank M2A4) Top. mis I--I Front. I II Rear. i Side. 19
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE LIGHT TANK (Similar to United States Army Light Tank M3) 20
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES LIGHT TANK (Similar to United States Army Light Tank M3) Top. Ei -I iiui*l Front. Rear. wii- Side. 21
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE MEDIUM TANK CRUISER TANK, MARK V A13 1. Crew: Four. 12. Drive: 2. Armament: One 40-mm gun; 13. Speed: two machine guns; one Cross-country: 20 miles submachine gun. per hour. 3. Ammunition: 87 rounds for Road: gun; 4,275 rounds for ma- Maximum: 30 miles per chine gun; thirty 2-inch hour. smoke bombs. 14. Cruising radius, at ---- 4. Armor, thickness: speed 140 miles. Upper structure: 1.57 15. Operating distance without inches. refill: Capacity, 88 gallons. Front: 1.57 inches. 16. Gear speeds and ratios: Four Sides: 1.18 inches. forward, one reverse. 5. Turret: 17. Turning radius: 6. Vision: S. SB. T. 18. Suspension, type: Eight 7. Ventilation: wheels, Christie type. 8. Communications: 19. Performance: 9. Dimensions: Ground clearance: Length: 19 feet 2 inches. Climbs 35 slopes. Width: 8 feet. Negotiates verticle ob- Height: 8 feet 3 inches. stacle 3 feet high. 10. Weight: 17.92 tons. Crosses trenches 7 feet 11. Motor: Meadows. 6 inches wide. Type: 12-cylinder. Fords streams -------- Cooling system: deep. Horsepower: 344 horse- 20. Remarks: two smoke dispower at 1,550 revolu- chargers. tions per minute. Horsepower per ton: 23.6. 22
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES MEDIUM TANK CRUISER TANK MARK V A13 Top. Front. Rear. Side. 23
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE MEDIUM TANK (Similar to United States Army Medium Tank M3) 24
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES MEDIUM TANK (Similar to United States Army Medium Tank M3) Top Front Rear ---- Side 25
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE MEDIUM TANK CRUISER TANK, MARK VI A15 1. Crew: Five. tions per minute. 2. Armament: One 1-pounder Horsepower per ton: or 2-pounder or 3-inch 17.35. howitzer and one 7.92-mm 12. Drive: Wilson Epicyclicgear Besa in turret; two 7.92- with skid brake. mm Besa; one 2-inch bomb 13. Speed: thrower. Cross-country: 3. Ammunition: 5.175 rounds Road: 7.92-mm; thirty 2-inch Maximum: 30 miles per smoke bombs; 151 rounds hour. 2-pounders or 54 rounds 14. Cruising radius, at.--_ 3-inch howitzer. speed 110 miles. 4. Armor, thickness: 1.57-inch. 15. Operating distance without Upper structure: refill: Capacity, 132 gal- Front: lons. Sides: 16. Gear speeds and ratios: Four 5. Turret: forward, one reverse. 6. Vision: 17. Turning radius: 7. Ventilation: Two ejector 18. Suspension, type: Christie, fans. 10 wheels each-bogie on 8. Communications: No. 9 ra- independent axle. dio. 19. Performance: Internal: Tannoy loud Ground clearance: 1 foot speaker. 3 inches. 9. Dimensions: Climbs 30 slopes. Length: 19 feet 3 inches. Negotiates vertical ob- Width: 8 feet 8 inches. stacle 1 foot 6 inches Height: 7 feet 2 inches. high. 10. Weight: 19.6 tons. Crosses trenches 7 feet 11. Motor: Liberty. 6 inches wide. Type: 12-cylinder V. Fords streams 3 feet Cooling system: Water. deep. Horsepower: 340 horse- 20. Remarks: power at 1,550 revolu- 26
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES MEDIUM TANK CRUISER TANK MARK VI A15 Top. Front. Bear. Side. 27
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE MEDIUM TANK INFANTRY TANK MARK II 1. Crew: Four. 12. Drive: 2. Armament: One 40-mm 13. Speed: gun; one.303-cal. ma- Cross-country: chine gun. Road: 3. Ammunition: 67 rounds 40- Maximum: 15 to 18 mm; 3,250 rounds.303-cal. miles per hour. 4. Armor, thickness: 2.75 14. Cruising radius, at ------ inches. speed 50 to 60 miles. Upper structure: 15. Operating distance without Front: refill: Capacity, 56 gallons. Sides: 1 inch. 16. Gear speeds and ratios: 5. Turret: Cast armor. Five forward, one reverse. 6. Vision: Grundlach peri- 17. Turning radius: scope; slits with triplex 18. Suspension, type: Two bogblocks. ies with four wheels, one 7. Ventilation: independent pair of 8. Communications: wheels, Jockey wheel for- Internal: Voice tube. ward. External: Radio, lamp, 19. Performance: flag. Ground clearance: 9. Dimensions: Climbs 30' slopes. Length: 18 feet 9 inches. Negotiates vertical ob- Width: 8 feet 3 inches. stacle 2 feet 6 inches Height: 8 feet 5 inches. high. 10. Weight: 28 tons. Crosses trenches 8 feet 11. Motor: Two AEC. wide. Type: 6-cylinder Diesel. Fords streams ------ Cooling system: deep. Horsepower: 95 horse- 20. Remarks: Formerly Mark power at 2,000 revo- I A 12. lutions per minute each. Horsepower 6.78. per ton: 28
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES MEDIUM TANK INFANTRY TANK MARK II Top. Front. Rear. Side. 29
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE MEDIUM TANK INFANTRY TANK MARK III VALENTINE 1. Crew: Three. 11. Motor: AEC. 2. Armament: One 40-mm, one Type: 6-cylinder Diesel. 7.92-mm, one 2-inch mor- Cooling system: tar. Horsepower: 150 horse- 3. Ammunition: 52 rounds 40- power at 2,200 revolumm; 3,150 rounds 7.92- tions per minute. mm; 18 rounds 2-inch Horsepower per ton: 8.37. mortar. 12. Drive: 4. Armor, thickness: 13. Speed: Upper structure: Cross-country: Front: 2.36 inches. Road: Sides: Maximum: 15 miles per Turret: 2% inches. hour. 5. Turret: Cast steel cupola. 14. Cruising radius, at ------ 6. Vision: Four Grundlach peri- speed 93 miles. scopes, telescopic sight, 15. Operating distance without triplex blocks on slits. refill: Capacity,74.7 gallons. 7. Ventilation: Slits wih baffle 16. Gear speeds and ratios: Five plates front and rear of forward, one reverse. turret. 17, Turning radius: 8. Communications: 18. Suspension, type: Intern al: Telephone 19. Performance: with loud speaker. Ground clearance: External: Radio, lamp, Climbs 320 slopes. flag. Negotiates vertical ob- 9. Dimensions: stacle 3 feet high. Length: 17 feet 11 Crosses trenches 8 feet inches. wide. Width: 8 feet 9 inches. Fords streams ------ Height: 7 feet 6 inches. deep. 10. Weight: 17.92 tons. 20. Remarks: 30
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES MEDIUM TANK INFANTRY TANK MARK III VALENTINE Top. Front. Rear. Side (approximate). 31
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE MEDIUM TANK INFANTRY TANK M-IV (A-22) 1. Crew: Five. 11. Motor: 2. Armament: Type: Vauxhall 12- Turret: One 2-pounder; cylinder fiat engine. 1 machine gun; 1 sub- Cooling system: machine gun; 1 smoke Horsepower: 360. mortar; and 1 Bren Horsepower per ton: machine gun. 12. Drive: Hull front: One 3-inch 13. Speed: howitzer and one sub- Cross-country: machine gun. Road: 3. Ammunition: 150 rounds for Maximum: 161/4 miles 2-pounder; 600 rounds for per hour at 2,400 revo- Bren machine gun; 400 lutions per minute. rounds for submachine 14. Cruising radius, at ------- gun. speed 100 miles. 4. Armor, thickness: 15. Operating distance without U p p e r structure: 3/4 refill: inch. 16. Gear speeds and ratios: Front: 31/2 inches. 17. Turning radius: Sides: 3 inches. 18. Suspension, type: New type Turret: 31/2 inches. of 22 independent units. 5. Turret: One telescope, three 19. Performance: periscopes, three lookouts. Ground clearance: 1 foot 6. Vision: 8 inches. 7. Ventilation: Climbs 30 slopes. 8. Communications: Negotiates vertical ob- 9. Dimensions: stacle --- high. Length: 23 feet 6 inches. Crosses trenches ------ Width: 10 feet 8 inches. wide. Height: 8 feet 1 inch. Fords streams 3 feet 10. Weight: 35 tons. deep. 20. Remarks: About 60 per week being manufactured. 32
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES MEDIUM TANK INFANTRY TANK M-IV (A-22) Top. Front. Rear. Side. 33
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE HEAVY TANK ASSAULT OR FORTRESS TANK 34.
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES. HEAVY TANK ASSAULT OR FORTRESS TANK Top. Front. Rear. Side. 35
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE PERSONNEL CARRIER BREN MACHINE GUN CARRIER NO. 2 MARK I 1. Crew: Three. 12. Drive: Girling type brakes. 2. Armament: One Bren ma- 13. Speed: chine gun or.55 Boys anti- Cross-country: 20 miles tank rifle. per hour. 3. Ammunition: Road: 30 miles per hour. 4. Armor, thickness: Maximum: Upper structure: 5 i/ inch 14. Cruising radius, at (approximate). speed -- miles. Front: 15. Operating distance without Sides: refill: Capacity, 20 gallons. 5. Turret: 16. Gear speeds and ratios: 6. Vision: Slits and telescope. 17. Turning radius: 7. Ventilation: 18. Suspension, type: 6-wheel. 8. Communications: None. 19. Performance: 9. Dimensions: Ground clearance: 10 Length: 11 feet 10 Inches (estimated). inches. Climbs 25 slopes. Width: 6 feet 10 inches. Negotiates vertical ob- Height: 4 feet 4 inches. stacle 2 feet high. 10. Weight: 31/2 tons. Crosses trenches 5 feet 11. Motor: Ford. wide. Type: V-8. Fords streams 1 foot 6 Cooling system: inches deep. Horsepower: 30. 20. Remarks: Horsepower per ton: 36
IDENTIFICATION OF ARMORED VEHICLES PERSONNEL CARRIER BREN MACHINE GUN CARRIER NO. 2 MARK I Side (old model). Front. Rear. Side. 0 37
In reply refer to AG 062.11 FM 30-41 (2-26-42)PC-C WAR DEPART.NJT ADJUTAINT GENERAL'S OFFICE 'WASIIIiGTOON March 7,. 1942, SUBJECT: Change in classification of FMI 30-41, TO: -. -- Thes class-f-iaeats;-iof - fi. 30-1t (identi fi-e-afon- of - British Arnored Vehicles), May 27, 1941, is changed from "Confidential" to "Restricted".. By order of the Secretary of Wa: l Adjutant General, copn coo C, ofs M ~ P *