The Growth of Smart Grid A Roadmap for its Development IEEE ANDESCON 15 September 2010 Bogota, Columbia Opening Keynote by Prof. Saifur Rahman Desire to make the grid smarter, safer, reliable and more cost- effec7ve using advanced sensors, communica7on technologies and distributed compu7ng. 1
3 Source: EPRI 2
Source: EPRI According to United States Department of Energy s modern grid ini7a7ve, an intelligent or a smart grid integrates advanced sensing technologies, control methods and integrated communica7ons into the current electricity grid. 6 3
From Generator to Refrigerator Power Plant Transmission Distribution Home Business End-use Appliances Source: US DoE 4
Source: BPA www.bpa.gov Source: US DoE 5
A smart grid must allow bi- direc7onal flow of electricity based on available intelligence and user preferences 6
A smart grid will provide a pathway where informa7on about the state of the grid and its components can be exchanged quickly over large distances. It will thus facilitate effec7ve integra7on of new sustainable energy sources, such as wind, solar, off- shore electricity, etc. Source: NIST 7
Source: NIST Source: NIST 8
Source: NIST 18 9
1.Power Infrastructure Data network Users Central Generating Station Step-Up Transformer 2. Information Infrastructure Control Center Distribution Substation Gas Turbine Receiving Station Distribution Substation Recip Engine Microturbine Distribution Substation Photo voltaics Residential Data Concentrator Recip Engine Fuel cell Commercial Cogeneration Batteries Flywheel Residential Industrial Commercial Source: EPRI 19 Source: Altalink, Alberta, Canada 10
ZigBee HAN Digital Home Design Line http://www.digitalhomedesignline.com/ 212200388%3Bjsessionid=4NSYMR40EYQKKQSNDLRCKH0CJUNN 2JVN?printableArticle=true ZigBee Network Connections Venture Beat http://venturebeat.com/2009/04/07/ember-lands-8m-for-a-hefty-sliceof-the-smart-grid/ Source: http://www.geconsumerproducts.com/pressroom/press_releases/company/company/smart_meter_pilot09.htm 11
The SmartMeter system uses programmable solid- state meter technology that provides two- way communica7on between the meter at your home or business and the u7lity, using secure wireless network technology. The solid- state digital SmartMeter electric meter records hourly meter reads and periodically transmits the reads via a dedicated radio frequency (RF) network back to PG&E. The electric network access point collects meter data from nearby electric meters and periodically transfers this data to PG&E via a secure cellular network. Electric Network Access Point The resul7ng RF mesh network can span large distances and reliably transmit data over rough or difficult terrain. The mesh con7nually op7mizes rou7ng to ensure informa7on is passed from its source to its des7na7on as quickly and efficiently as possible. Source: http://www.pge.com/myhome/customerservice/meter/smartmeter/howitworks/ 12
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Software Vendors and System Integrators in the Smart Grid Space 14
Smart Grid Projects in the United States www.sgiclearinghouse.org Smart Grid Projects Internationally www.sgiclearinghouse.org 15
31 The electric power industry provides the platorm and the context Telecommunica7on, IT and computer industries provide the technology and souware to interface with the electric power network The electric power industry will require new genera7on of engineers who are versa7le in several disciplines 16
Understanding the difference between cost and value Poli7cal will to introduce dynamic & 7me- of- use rates Equipment interoperability standards Availability of appliances and devices Customer educa7on and willingness to accept change Smart grid will not be cheap, but it will provide greater value and cost savings in the future Saifur Rahman 17
Prof. Saifur Rahman www.ceage.vt.edu 18