Introduction to Biodiesel Fuel Applications Manufacturing Engineering Performance Objectives After completing this lesson, students will be able to discuss the purpose and applications of biodiesel fuel to the teacher s satisfaction. Specific Objectives Identify and describe the various types of biodiesel vehicles Discuss the advantages of biodiesel vehicles, the reduction in dependence on foreign oil, and the protection of the environment Research how manufacturing companies have increased the production of biodiesel and the impact this is having on B100, B20, and B5 biodiesel production Discuss the uses of biodiesel in industrial applications Research and compile a list of the number of companies that produce biodiesel Create a slide presentation with photos and specifications of the best-selling biodiesel vehicles in the US and why customers like them Terms Lesson Plan Biodiesel- substance made by combining alcohol (usually methanol) with vegetable oil, animal fat, or recycled cooking greases. It can be used as an additive to reduce vehicle emissions (typically 20 %) or in its pure form (B100 %) as a renewable alternative fuel for diesel engines. Refueling infrastructure- the existing fuel storage and distribution systems available to be used by companies and consumers to manage the commercial sale of fuel. Energy Policy Act of 2005- a federal law signed by President Bush on August 8, 2005 that mandates the use of alternative fuels in vehicle fleets operated by the federal government. Cetane number- a rating that indicates how easily diesel fuel is ignited, which is critical during start up in low temperatures (normally ranges between 45-50 degrees); higher numbers mean faster ignition. Biodiesel blends- a rating that indicates the percentage of biodiesel blended with petroleum diesel (B20 is 20 %, B5 = five percent). Biodiesel feedstock- renewable resources used to create biofuel such as animal fats, vegetable oils, soybean oil, recycled grease, and algae. Diesel engine- a high compression, self-ignited engine invented by Rudolf Diesel in 1898; it is currently designed to carry heavy workloads for extended periods of time. Time This lesson should take approximately 180 minutes (introduction 45 minutes, presentation 90 minutes, and quiz 45 minutes). Preparation Copyright Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved. 1
TEKS Correlations This lesson, as published, correlates to the following TEKS. Any changes/alterations to the activities may result in the elimination of any or all of the TEKS listed. Manufacturing Engineering 130.329 (c) (7) The student knows mechanical, fluid, electrical, and thermal systems. The student is expected to: (A) use pneumatics devices; (B) use hydraulics devices; and (C) analyze the effects of heat energy and temperature on products. Interdisciplinary Correlations English Language Arts and Reading, English I 110.31 (b) o (1) Reading/Vocabulary Development. Students understand new vocabulary and use it when reading and writing. Occupational Correlation (O*Net www.onetonline.org/) Job Title: Automotive Specialty Technicians O*Net Number: 49-3023.02 Reported Job Titles: Automotive Technician (Auto Technician), Technician, Mechanic, Automobile Mechanic (Auto Mechanic), Automotive Worker Tasks Examine vehicles, compile estimates of repair costs, and secure customers' approval to perform repairs. Troubleshoot fuel, ignition, and emissions control systems, using electronic testing equipment. Inspect and test new vehicles for damage and record findings so that necessary repairs can be made. Test electronic computer components in automobiles to ensure proper operation. Tune automobile engines to ensure proper and efficient functioning. Repair, replace, or adjust defective fuel injectors, carburetor parts, and gasoline filters. Soft Skills Critical Thinking Equipment Maintenance Active listening Equipment selection Troubleshooting Repairing Copyright Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved. 2
Accommodations for Learning Differences It is important that lessons accommodate the needs of every learner. These lessons may be modified to accommodate your students with learning differences by referring to the files found on the Special Populations page of this website. Preparation Review and become familiar with the terminology, website links, and the slide presentation. Have materials, slide presentation, and websites ready prior to the start of the lesson. Gather videos or photos of biodiesel fuel vehicles currently in use. References http://websters.yourdictionary.com http://www.thefreedictionary.com Halderman, J. D. (2012). Automotive technology principles, diagnosis, and service. (4th ed.) 779-780. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Instructional Aids Introduction to Biodiesel Fuel Applications slide presentation and notes Warm-up Activity (Slide 3) Introduction to Biodiesel Terms and Definitions handout for each student Introduction to Biodiesel Terms and Definitions answer key Introduction to Biodiesel Quiz for each student Introduction to Biodiesel Quiz answer key Introduction The main purpose of this lesson is to introduce students to the overall purpose of biodiesel fuel applications and the positive impact they are having on our environment. Say o American restaurants generate millions of gallons of cooking oil and grease waste every year. Ask o What are some of the possible productive uses for this waste? Say o We will discuss the purpose of biodiesel fuel applications and how it is becoming a viable alternative to regular diesel fuel. Show o Videos or photos of biodiesel fuel vehicles currently in use. Copyright Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved. 3
MI II. III. IV. OUTLINE Outline I. Introduction of lesson A. Bell Work Activity B. Warm-up Activity Review and discuss the growth of biodiesel production A. Overview B. Identify the advantages of biodiesel Discuss biodiesel applications by various manufacturers A. Research various types of biodiesel vehicles B. Research various industrial biodiesel applications C. Research how manufacturing companies have increased the production of biodiesel and the impact this is having on B100, B20, and B5 biodiesel production D. Research and compile a list of the number of companies that produce biodiesel Create a slide presentation A. Use photos and specifications of the best-selling biodiesel vehicles in the US B. Include why customers like them V. Introduction to Biodiesel Fuel Quiz NOTES TO TEACHER Begin Introduction to Biodiesel Fuel Applications slide presentation. Have students work on the Bell Work Activity. (Slide 2) Warm-up Activity Introduction to Biodiesel Terms and Definitions handout Students (in pairs) will teach each other the terms and definitions. They may do computer-based research to look up the meaning. (Slide 3) Review, discuss, and overview Introduction to Biodiesel Fuel Application slide presentation. (Slides 4-8) Each slide is meant to be discussed. Have some background knowledge, and challenge the students to make some contributions to the discussion. Administer quiz and grade using answer key. Copyright Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved. 4
Multiple Intelligences Guide Existentialist Interpersonal Intrapersonal Kinesthetic/ Bodily Logical/ Mathematical Musical/Rhythmic Naturalist Verbal/Linguistic Visual/Spatial Application Guided Practice The teacher and students search the Internet to find sources to gain insight into Unique ways biodiesel is created and used to power vehicles and equipment around the world. How the increased production of biodiesel has impacted the production of regular diesel fuel. Independent Practice Students research and compile a list of the number of companies that produce biodiesel. Students create a slide presentation with photos and specifications of the best-selling biodiesel vehicles in the US and why customers like them. Summary Review Students review the terms from the Warm-up Activity and key points from the Introduction to Biodiesel Fuel Applications slide presentation. Evaluation Informal Assessment Teacher will assess students with questions and answers. Students will discuss definitions of terms and key points from the Introduction to Biodiesel Fuel Applications slide presentation. Formal Assessment Teacher will administer the Introduction to Biodiesel Fuel Applications Quiz. Enrichment Extension Have students research additional, unique ways in which biodiesel is being used. Students should then write a 100-word paper on the subject. Copyright Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved. 5
Name Date Class Introduction to Biodiesel Fuel Applications Terms and Definitions Use the Internet to research the definitions to the following biodiesel terms. 1. Biodiesel 2. Refueling infrastructure 3. Energy Policy Act of 2005 4. Cetane number 5. Biodiesel blends 6. Biodiesel feedstock 7. Diesel engine Copyright Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved. 6
Introduction to Biodiesel Fuel Applications Terms and Definitions Key 1. Biodiesel- substance made by combining alcohol (usually methanol) with vegetable oil, animal fat, or recycled cooking greases. It can be used as an additive to reduce vehicle emissions (typically 20 %) or in its pure form (B100 %) as a renewable alternative fuel for diesel engines. 2. Refueling infrastructure- the existing fuel storage and distribution systems available to be used by companies and consumers to manage the commercial sale of fuel. 3. Energy Policy Act of 2005- a federal law signed by President Bush on August 8, 2005 that mandates the use of alternative fuels in vehicle fleets operated by the federal government. 4. Cetane number- a rating that indicates how easily diesel fuel is ignited, which is critical during start up in low temperatures (normally ranges between 45-50 degrees); higher numbers mean faster ignition. 5. Biodiesel Blends- a rating that indicates the percentage of biodiesel blended with petroleum diesel (B20 is 20 %, B5 is five percent). 6. Biodiesel feedstock- renewable resources used to create biofuel such as animal fats, vegetable oils, soybean oil, recycled grease, and algae. 7. Diesel engine- a high compression, self-ignited engine invented by Rudolf Diesel in 1898; it is currently designed to carry heavy workloads for extended periods of time. Copyright Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved. 7
Name Date Class Introduction to Biodiesel Fuel Applications Quiz Directions Read and answer each question in complete sentences. 1. What impact does the use of biodiesel have on engine performance? 2. Describe the growth trend in the production of biodiesel in the United States. 3. What has been the position of engine manufacturers regarding the use of biodiesel in their engines? 4. How does the use of biodiesel impact our environment? 5. List some of the advantages of diesel engines. 6. Give examples of the industrial use of diesel engines that use biodiesel. Copyright Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved. 8
Introduction to Biodiesel Fuel Applications Quiz Key Directions Read and answer each question in complete sentences. 1. What impact does the use of biodiesel have on engine performance? Biodiesel is a high performance fuel with a strong cetane rating. It also burns clean, contains strong lubrication properties, and has a positive effect on the performance of diesel engines. 2. Describe the growth trend in the production of biodiesel in the United States. Biodiesel production in the United States has grown steadily over the past decade. In 2011, the US produced approximately one billion gallons. 3. What has been the position of engine manufacturers regarding the use of biodiesel in their engines? Biodiesel fuel can be used in many existing diesel engines. The B20 blend has been proven to have virtually no negative impact on vehicle performance. Many vehicle and engine manufacturers have now accepted the use of B20 blends in their engines. 4. How does the use of Biodiesel impact our environment? Biodiesel is nontoxic and reduces carbon emissions by 86 %. 5. List some of the advantages of diesel engines. Diesel engines can be used in a variety of applications from power plants for motor vehicles to powering a wide variety of industrial equipment. In addition, diesel engines have the advantage of being very durable and low maintenance. 6. Give examples of the industrial use of diesel engines that use biodiesel. Diesel engines that use biodiesel have been used in a variety of industrial applications. Several examples are construction equipment, power generators, trains, locomotives, irrigation pumps, agricultural equipment, commercial fishing, and ferry boats. Copyright Texas Education Agency, 2014. All rights reserved. 9