ON-LINE Agenda AGENDA 1. Approximately two hours of on-line instruction ONLINE Safe Driver Training 2. Embedded Quizzes MUST be completed 3. On-line program can be broken up and re-visted based on your time commitments Course Names for PCC SF - VEH Driving Safely (KNOWLEDGE ONLY) July 2011 1 2 FACTS, MYTHS, and URBAN LEGENDS (true or false) Your EXPECTATIONS for Today 1. Driving can be an at risk behavior. 2. Approx. 100 die every day on the roads of America. 3. There is a vehicle crash every 5 seconds. 4. Driving is the #1 cause of workplace fatalities. 5. The faster your reflexes = shorter braking distance. 6. Driving close behind another driver saves gas. 7. A green light means you have the right of way. 8. S, T, O, P, spells and means stop. 9. Counting two seconds is easy. Let s try it What do you hope to get from this program? How many of you have employees? How many of you have teenagers? How do we teach them to be safer drivers? 3 4 Henkels & McCoy Crash Rate Henkels & McCoy Crash Rate - Comparison 8.00 FY Crash Rate / 100 Workers 8.00 7.00 7.00 6.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 FY Crash Rate / 100 Workers 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 FY Crash Rate / 100 Workers OSHA Injury Rate / 100 Workers 5 6
Henkels & McCoy Crash Rate - GOAL Henkels & McCoy Crash Data Summary 8.00 7.00 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 FY Crash Rate / 100 Workers GOAL Top 3 Crash Types (approx 60% of all crashes) Rear-End from Tailgating Side Swipes Intersections 7 8 SKILLS TO MASTER COMPANY S EXPECTATIONS 1. No Tailgating Safe Following Distance 2. Looking and Seeing Ahead and Around 3. First Move Forward Parking and Backing Agree Vehicle crashes shall not be tolerated. Agree REAR END type crashes are preventable. Agree To stop REAR END type crashes. Practice Driving to ensure skills are learned to prevent crashes! 9 10 SKILL 1 No Tailgating Company Standard Safe Following Distance Work to Maintain a Safe Following Distance Safe Following Distance (2 plus seconds) Passenger Vehicle - Trucks - Buses Vehicle Type Vehicle Length Seconds Behind Passenger Vehicles: 20 Feet Trucks - Buses: Up to 30 Feet 31 to 40 Feet 41 to 50 Feet 51 to 60 Feet 2 3 4 5 6 NOTE: Leave additional space in inclement weather! 11 12
WHY 2 Seconds or More? Human Limitations 1. Vehicles are hard to stop. (Traction and Brake Limitations) 2. Humans are very slow to react. (Human Limitations) Perception Time.75 seconds + Reaction Time.75 seconds + Braking Distance 2+ seconds = STOPPING DISTANCE WOW! ---------------- 13 14 How Far Do You Travel In Two Seconds? What is 2 seconds? How do we achieve it? Following Distance 2 Seconds MPH Feet/second Feet 25 37 73 35 51 103 55 81 161 70 103 205 IT IS LONGER THAN YOU THINK, TRY COUNTING Can I have a volunteer to count? Use Stop Watch to Time it. TRY IT THIS WAY One Mississippi, Two Mississippi One thousand one one thousand two Keep Practicing until everyone is calibrated! 15 16 3 Steps to Maintain Safe Following Distance MENTAL IMAGE Safe Following Distance 2 seconds Step 1 Know the seconds (2, 3, 4 etc.) you need to be behind Step 2 Start counting or timing, when the vehicle in front passes a fixed object. Step 3 Stop count or timing when you reach the same fixed object Adjust speed to manage this space. 2 Seconds @ 35 mph = 103 feet or 7 average car lengths 2 Seconds @ 55 mph = 162 feet or 11 average car lengths 17 18
Percent Risk of Rear-end Crash 19 Chart provided by Drive Cam Technology 20 Time to GO AND SEE! What do you see? Traffic is flowing at 45 mph. Step 1 - Picture Analysis Step 2 - Video of REAL TIME driving Step 3 - Talk about what we are seeing Adjusting Speed to Maintain Safe Following Distance Tailgating Safe Following Distance 21 22 What do you see? Traffic is flowing at 30 mph. Highway Traffic 1 Tailgating Stab Braking Safe Following Distance 23 24
Highway Traffic 2 Two Lane Road - Tailgating 25 26 Bumper to Bumper Traffic In Town Heavy Traffic 27 28 Stab Braking - 1 Stab Braking - 2 29 30
Stab Braking - 3 Disabled Car on Blind Curve 31 32 Can t Butt In Too Tight Foot On Gas 33 34 Foot Off Gas Hood the Brake Peddle Why and When? Hood the Brake Peddle Hood the Brake Hold foot over brake in anticipation of needing to use it. 35 WHY This practice reduces reaction time to enable faster stopping as well as saves on gas, tires and brakes. WHEN Blind Hills and Curves Stale Green/Red Lights When cut off Need to reduce speed w/o braking Traffic Slowing or Turning Video - next video shows MPH lowering as evidence of foot off gas and hooding brake. 36
Tailgating and Swerve Rubber Necking 37 38 Temp. Traffic Control Good Taper Sun Glare Hidden Hazard 39 40 Traction and Brake Limitations Personal Attitudes and Habits 4 tires have very little surface area on road Old style brakes can heat up and fail Only rolling tires maintain traction Anti-lock brakes stop the fastest but hard to understand You must trust them. Ego It s my space, not yours. I will lose time if I let them in. I am a trained driver. I know what to do. I draft to save gas. No Tailgating 41 42
So what can we do? 5 Min. BREAK IN PLACE Don t let other drivers control your behavior Increase your following distance Stay back NO TAILGATING This concludes Skill 1 No Tailgating Questions? Warm Up / Stretch 1. Let your body know what s coming. 2. Let your body breathe - Blink 3. Rule of Opposites 43 44 SKILL 2 - Looking and Seeing Ahead and Around Looking and Seeing Ahead Ahead Looking Ahead (10 15 seconds) Stopped Traffic Construction Zone Avoid Staring (No More Than 2 seconds) Safe Distance When Stopped (1 Car Length) Around Clearing Intersection (3 seconds) Checking Mirrors (5 8 seconds) Being Seen and Predictable 45 1-2 SECONDS This is too close! 10-15 SECONDS* *THE SAFEST VIEW OF WHATS GOING ON AHEAD! Looking Up Includes Looking Down. 46 46 CONSTRUCTION ZONE - STOPPED TRAFFIC - Staring While Driving Stopped Traffic - The stopped traffic created a hazard for the vehicles approaching the work zone. It is important to know stopping distances. If you are the last vehicle in a stopped construction traffic line, you should turn on your 4 way flashers. Scanning Ahead While Driving Observing the traffic flow 15 seconds ahead can warn the driver of approaching conditions. CONSTANT STARE Caused by same route driving, pre-occupied, heavy thinking. Results in looking but not seeing! STRAINING STARE Caused by physical or mental fatigue, day dreaming. Tailgating (Truck) Stay back a min. 4 seconds 1001, 1002,. to allow for perception/reaction time and braking distance. 47 Three or more seconds is staring. Scan the road area constantly! * 48
STARING - TEST Safe Following Distance - When Stopped - FRINGE VISION Fuzzy Cone of Clear Vision FRINGE VISION Out of Focus 49 One Car Length Back 50 What else do you see? Preventable Incidents? When stopped with traffic in front of you. Stay back at least one vehicle length. Tailgating! What can result? 51 BAD GOOD 52 Looking Around No Cars Clear Intersection? 53 54
Seeing Around Your Vehicle Use Your Mirrors Blind Spots Adjust the mirrors to reduce the size of blind spots around your vehicle. 55 56 Mirror Adjustment Passenger Vehicles Mirror Adjustment Trucks Step 1 Seated in the driver s seat move your head so it almost touches the side window. Step 2 Adjust the drivers side mirror so you can see down the side of the car but just outside the edge of the car. Step 3 Once again, while seated in the drivers seat, lean over towards the passenger seat as far as you can. Step 4 Adjust the passengers side mirror so you can see down the side of the car but just outside the edge of the car. 57 Adjust mirrors to maximize your view of the four zones in the picture. Note Zones 3 and 4 may not be a mirror adjustment but a view out the window. Convex mirrors may help see in any of the zones. KNOW YOUR BLIND SPOTS!!! 58 Blind Spots Seeing Around and Communicating Look Left, Right, Left (L-R-L) when pulling out. Turn signals, 5-6 blinker clicks in advance. Communicate in traffic using your Lights Horn Hand signals Establish eye contact, if possible. Warn following traffic. Use brake lights/flashers as needed. Keep wheel straight when turning. Look at other drivers as well. Be predictable, give other drivers time to react. 59 60
Communicating with Other Drivers Negotiating Curves Use Turn Signals Get and Use Eye Contact Move over when turning Wider swings, make sure area is clear before turning What else? 61 62 Negotiating Curves Uneven Road Surface SPEED 1. Reduce speed before entering curve. 2. If you enter curves too fast, you may not have enough time to slow down before rolling over. 3. Slow down substantially for unfamiliar curves. SHOULDER 1. Stay off the shoulder in curves. 2. Your right or left side wheels may drop or sink down into a shoulder and increase your chance of rollover. CARGO 1. Ensure that cargo loads are secured to prevent moving from side to side. 2. Remember that top-heavy cargo will cause vehicles to roll over in curves at speeds lower than those loaded with flat compact cargo. TRAILERS 1. Since trailers usually begin to roll first, you may not know you are rolling over until it is too late. 63 For what ever reason??? Your vehicles tires drop off the paved road What do you do? 1. Reduce your vehicle speed until vehicle is under control (Do NOT hard brake) 2. Hold steering wheel firmly and gradually come back onto the road if possible. If not, come to a stop on the shoulder. The paved surface may be several inches higher. Be aware of the steering wheel wanting to jerk out of your hands. Do not attempt to immediately correct by doing a sudden turn back onto the road. Think! Determine Appropriate Action. Respond Smoothly. 64 MISC SKILL 3 First Move Forward No Cruise Control in the Rain Prevents Hydroplaning Is this true? Position hands at 3 and 9 or 4 and 8. Why? To clear air bag if deployed. Fog Precautions Drive inside the fog. 3 Point Contact Getting in and Out Load Securement / DOT Roadside Inspections This concludes Skill 2 Looking & Seeing Ahead & Around Questions? 65 Parking and Backing Principle First Move Forward Parking Options 1. Pull through if you can avoid backing 2. Back into parking space be aware of surroundings 3. Pull in front first last resort 66 66
Parking Methods What do you see? Parking Methods What do you see? 67 67 68 68 Seat Belts Cell Phones Seat belts MUST BE WORN while riding in and/or operating any company vehicle. First priority is safe driving, NOT making or answering phone calls. All passengers MUST be belted before vehicle motion occurs. Non-compliance may result in dismissal from the company. Shall be used hands free. This concludes Skill 3 First Move Forward Questions? What is your Region Policy? 69 70 Making it Happen What will it look like? ON-LINE CONCLUSION We are staying back in traffic No Tailgating We are looking and seeing ahead We are giving ourselves the time & space to make the best decisions COURSE COMPLETE Thank you We are recognized as professional drivers Please print your certificate Fewer citations All vehicle crashes are prevented 71 72