Maritime policies and regulations IMO s work for sustainable shipping Green Marine - Greentech 2017 30 May to 1 June 2017 Dr. H. Deggim Senior Deputy Director, International Maritime Organization (IMO)
IMO Basic facts UN specialized agency: global standard-setting authority for safety, security and environmental performance of international shipping Headquarters in London 172 Member States and 3 Associate Members 77 NGOs and 65 IGOs Annual budget 30+ million Secretariat staff of about 250, more than 50 nationalities Page 2 2
Technical work of IMO Environmental issues Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) IMO's senior technical body on all marine pollution related matters, aided in its work by a number of IMO's Sub-Committees. Sub-Committee on Pollution Prevention and Response (PPR) Prevention and control of pollution of the marine environment, including air pollution; evaluation of safety and pollution hazards of liquid substances in bulk transported by ships; control and management of harmful aquatic organisms in ships' ballast water and sediments, and biofouling; recycling of ships; and pollution preparedness, response and cooperation for oil and hazardous and noxious substances. Sub-Committees under MEPC and MSC Sub-Committee on Implementation of IMO Instruments (III) Sub-Committee on Carriage of Cargoes and Containers (CCC) Page 3 3
Presentation topics IMO s current work on environmental issues Ballast water management Energy efficiency of ships Reduction of GHG emissions Data collection system for fuel oil consumption Global sulphur cap implementation Technical cooperation projects Main issues at MEPC 71 NGOs and IGOs at IMO Page 4 4
BWM Convention Basic facts Page 5 5 adopted on 13 Feb 2004 will enter into force on 8 Sep 2017 more than 60 BWMS type-approved by Administrations MEPC concluded sufficient technologies are available for all ship types Roadmap for implementation agreed non-penalization of early movers, i.e. no need to replace BWMS type approved in accordance with old Guidelines (G8) Non-penalization of early movers agreed
Energy efficiency of ships EEDI and SEEMP MARPOL Annex VI: Chapter 3: Requirements for control of emissions from ships Chapter 4: Regulations on energy efficiency of ships (entered into force on 1 January 2013) Mandatory under chapter 4: EEDI Energy Efficiency Design Index SEEMP Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan IEE (International Energy Efficiency Certificate) Amendments to the 2013 Interim guidelines for determining minimum propulsion power to maintain the manoeuvrability of ships in adverse conditions (resolution MEPC.232(65)) adopted Page 6 6
GHG emissions from ships Third IMO GHG Study 2014 Study found that shipping, in total, accounted for approximately 3.1% of annual global CO 2 emissions for the period 2007 2012. For international shipping, the CO 2 estimate dropped from 2.8% in 2007 to 2.2% in 2012. Year Global CO 2 Total shipping % of global International shipping % of global 2007 31,409 1,100 3.5% 885 2.8% 2008 32,204 1,135 3.5% 921 2.9% 2009 32,047 978 3.1% 855 2.7% 2010 33,612 915 2.7% 771 2.3% 2011 34,723 1,022 2.9% 850 2.4% 2012 35,640 938 2.6% 796 2.2% Average 33,273 1,015 3.1% 846 2.6% Page 7 7
GHG emissions from ships Shipping CO 2 emissions are projected to increase by 50% to 250% in the period to 2050, despite fleet average efficiency improvements of about 40% +250% +160% Four BAU Scenarios +100% +50% Page 8 8 Ref: Third IMO GHG Study 2014
GHG emissions from ships Roadmap agreed at MEPC 70 Roadmap for developing a comprehensive IMO strategy on reduction of GHG emissions from ships approved at MEPC 70 Foresees initial IMO strategy to be adopted in 2018 and revised in 2023 based on data from Ship Fuel Oil Consumption Database Fourth IMO GHG Study to be completed in 2020 and further studies every 5 years Intersessional Working Group to meet from 26 to 30 July 2017 (week before MEPC 71) to consider how to progress work on reduction of GHG emissions from ships Page 9 9
GHG emissions from ships Intersessional Working Group (July 2017) Levels of ambition and guiding principles for the strategy Emissions scenarios Assessment of projected future demand for shipping Parameters/indicators on energy efficiency of ships Emission reduction opportunities, including alternative fuels Costs and benefits Capacity building and technical cooperation Barriers to emissions reductions and how to overcome them Priority areas for R&D, including in relation to technology Impact of EEDI Page 10 10
Fuel oil consumption data collection Data collection system adopted at MEPC 70 Page 11 11 3-step approach Step 1 Data collection Step 2 Data analysis Step 3 Decision-making on what further measures, if any, are required MARPOL Annex VI New regulation 22A Adopted at MEPC 70, expected to enter into force 1 March 2018 Ships 5,000 GT required to submit to their Administration annual reports on fuel oil consumption and transport work parameters Administrations to submit aggregated data to IMO for inclusion in anonymised IMO Ship Fuel Oil Consumption Database first data calendar year beginning 1 January 2019
Fuel oil consumption data collection Appendix IX of MARPOL Annex VI Information to be submitted to IMO Ship Fuel Oil Consumption Database IMO number Calendar year covered Technical characteristics of ship (type, GT, NT, DWT, power output (rated power)) EEDI (if applicable) Ice class Fuel oil consumption (by fuel oil type, in metric tonnes and methods used for collecting fuel oil consumption data) Distance travelled (over ground), hours underway Page 12 12
Fuel oil consumption data collection Data collection process Ship Submits data to flag State or RO in accordance with regulation 22A of MARPOL Annex VI Flag Administration Aggregates data and submits to IMO Secretariat (database) Issues to the ship Statement of Compliance IMO Secretariat Aggregates all data submitted in IMO Ship Fuel Oil Consumption Database Provides annual summary report to MEPC Database Data will be anonymised so individual ships cannot be identified Access to anonymized data restricted to Parties to Annex VI Page 13 13
Fuel oil consumption data collection Correspondence group established at MEPC 70 to: finalize draft guidelines for Administration data verification procedures, in accordance with regulation 22A.7 of MARPOL Annex VI further develop draft guidelines for development and management of IMO Ship Fuel Oil Consumption Database, including means to keep ships anonymised and to ensure completeness of database develop guidance to address non-party ships submitting data to the Database report to MEPC 71 (July 2017) Page 14 14
Sulphur content of fuel oil MARPOL Annex VI regulation 14 Regulation 14.1 1 The sulphur content of any fuel oil used on board ships shall not exceed the following limits:.1 4.50% m/m prior to 1 January 2012;.2 3.50% m/m on and after 1 January 2012; and.3 0.50% m/m on and after 1 January 2020. Regulation 14.8 8 A review of the standard set forth in paragraph 1.3 of this regulation shall be completed by 2018 to determine the availability of fuel oil to comply with the fuel oil standard set forth in that paragraph Page 15 15
Sulphur content of fuel oil Timeline Fuel oil % sulphur Review completed 4.50 1.1.2012 2016 1.1.2020 3.50 Page 16 16 1.50 1.7.2010 1.00 1.1.2015 0.10 Global 0.50 ECA Time
Sulphur content of fuel oil Emission Control Areas (ECAs) North Sea and Baltic Sea ECA North American ECA Step 1 Data collection Step 2 Data analysis Page 17 17 Step 3 Decision-making on what further measures, if any, are required United States Caribbean Sea ECA
Sulphur content of fuel oil Final decision of MEPC 70 Implementation date confirmed MEPC 70 approved CE Delft assessment and confirmed implementation date of 1 Jan 2020 for global 0.5% m/m sulphur cap. Resolution MEPC.280(70) adopted MEPC 70 adopted resolution MEPC.280(70) on Effective date of implementation of the fuel oil standard in regulation 14.1.3 of MARPOL Annex VI. PPR 4 considered implementation issues PPR 4, as instructed by MEPC 70, considered concerns expressed regarding implementation (MEPC 70/5/2 and comments made in plenary) and drafted justification and scope for new output on what additional measures may be developed to promote consistent implementation of 0.50% global sulphur limit, for approval by MEPC 71. Work will start at PPR 5 in February 2018. Page 18 18
Sulphur content of fuel oil Outcome of PPR 4 Agreed new output on consistent implementation of regulation 14.1.3 of MARPOL Annex VI, for approval by MEPC 71 Scope of the work, to be completed at PPR 5 and PPR 6 in 2018 and 2019, expected to include: - preparatory and transitional issues - impact on fuel and machinery systems - verification issues, control mechanisms and necessary actions to ensure compliance and consistent implementation - standardized system for reporting non-availability of compliant fuel oil - assessing sulphur content of delivered fuel oil for verification - ISO to consider framework of ISO 8217 standard for fuels supplied on a world-wide basis for consumption on board ships - consequential regulatory amendments and/or guidelines Page 19 19
TC activities Major environmental projects GloBallast GEF-UNDP-IMO project to assist developing countries to reduce the transfer of harmful aquatic organisms in ships ballast water Safe and environmentally sound ship recycling in Bangladesh to improve the occupational safety and health, working conditions and environmental protection of ship recycling in Bangladesh GEF-UNDP-IMO GloMEEP Project to build capacity in developing countries for implementing technical and operational measures for energy-efficient shipping IMO-EU Global MTCC Network (GMN) Project to establish MTCCs in 5 regions to promote low carbon technologies in the shipping sector Proposed new project on biofouling to build capacity in developing countries for implementing the IMO and other relevant guidelines for biofouling management Page 20 20
MEPC 71 outlook Main issues Reduction of GHG emissions from ships (Roadmap, including consideration of the outcome of the intersessional working group) Ballast water management (roadmap for implementation, experiencebuilding phase, draft amendments to regulations B-3 and D-3, draft Code for BWMS, revised Guidelines (G6), etc.) Air pollution and energy efficiency (fuel oil quality, amendments to EEDI requirements, minimum propulsion power guidelines, etc.) Data collection system for fuel oil consumption of ships (database management, verification guidelines, non-party ships) Implementation of global sulphur cap (additional measures to promote consistent implementation of the 0.50% global sulphur limit) Page 21 21
Observers at IMO Intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) Currently 65 cooperating orgs Organizations that are not specialized agencies of the UN whose work is related to the purposes of IMO Formal agreement of cooperation with IMO, approved by Council and Assembly IHO, EC, OAU, CARICOM, SPC, IMSO, INTERPOL, IWC Details for IGOs and NGOs at IMO at www.imo.org/en/about/membership Page 22 22 Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) Currently 77 in consultative status Work related directly to the purposes of IMO and supporting its activities Capable of making substantial contribution to work of IMO Truly international Rules and guidelines for consultative status of NGOs with IMO MOU with IMO, approved by Council and Assembly ICS, IALA, IACS, ILAMA, P&I Clubs, FOEI, WWF, WNTI, ITTC
Observers at IMO Rules and guidelines for NGOs can submit documents to all IMO bodies and take the floor during meetings but cannot vote have technical expertise and provide important technical advice to the Organization assist the Organization in the development of the regulatory framework for the shipping industry applications considered once a year by Council for NGOs, their contribution to IMO s work is reviewed periodically by Council to determine whether the continuance of their status is necessary and desirable Page 23 23
Thank you for listening. H. Deggim, Marine Environment Division, IMO hdeggim@imo.org www.imo.org Page 24 24