Introduction of new Emission Standard EURO 6 and the Impact to the Retail Industry Thomas Wullkopf 2014
Euro 6 Emission Standard Purpose of new Euro 6 Emission Level is the significant reduction of NO X emissions of Diesel vehicles EU-wide. Commercial Diesel Vehicles > 3,5t - Effective Januar 1st, 2014 - NO X emission reduction from 2000 mg/kwh to 400 mg/kwh Vehicle manufacturer continue to use exhaust aftertreatment Light Diesel Vehicles 3,5t - Effective Sept. 1st, 2014 - NO X emission reduction from 180 mg/km to 80 mg/km Vehicle manufacturer introduce exhaust aftertreatment
Exhaust Aftertreatment Required technologies to meet the EURO 6 emission level: Either NOx storage catalyst- without AdBlue or Selective Catalytic Reduction- with AdBlue, known from commercial vehicles
Background to AdBlue - Synthetically produced 32,5% Urea in demineralized water - Colorless - Non toxic - Not inflammable - Freezes at -11 C - Is not a Diesel additive, separate vehicle tank required Synonyms - In Literature called AUS32 - AdBlue is a registered trade mark of the VDA (German Car Manufacturer Association) - In USA called Diesel Exhaust Fluid - In Latin America called ARLA 32
Relevant ISO Standards - ISO 22241-1: 2006 Defines Quality Requirements - ISO 22241-2: 2006/8 Defines Test Method - ISO 22241-3: 2008 Handling, Transportation & Storage - ISO 22241-4: 2009 Refilling Interface New - ISO 22241-5: 2012 Refilling Interface for Passenger Cars
ISO 22241-4: Refilling Interface - EURO 4 introduction in 2005 caused usage of AdBlue for Trucks - Flow rates up to 40 l/min
ISO 22241-4: Refilling Interface - Misfilling Prevention to keep AdBlue out of Diesel tank - Realized by magnet switch in nozzle spout and magnet in filler neck Magnet adapter
ISO 22241-5: Passenger Cars - Not introduced when producing the first AdBlue vehicle generation - Unlike trucks (magnet) no integrated Misfilling Prevention - Flow rates up to 10 l min -1 - Same inner diameter as AdBlue truck filler neck The different filler neck geometry, the missing magnet and different flow rate require an additional AdBlue infrastructure for passenger cars.
AdBlue Car Tank Sizes - Current tank sizes range from 15 to 35 l - Future tank sizes will be reduced around 8 to 15 l Example of current cars: Model Tank size Calculated / Designed Reach Audi A6 17L 15.000 Km VW Passat 17L 17.000 Km Mercedes GL 33L 16.000-22.000 Km BMW 3er 21L 20.000 Km Source: VDA Working Group Passenger Vehicles can not be operated without AdBlue. Warnings at 2400 and 1000km before AdBlue is consumed, vehicles they will not start if the AdBlue tank is empty. First experience shows that actual vehicles consume more AdBlue than anticipated, refill of AdBlue every 4 th to 6 th Diesel filling.
FC Diesel Vehicle Production Source: VDA AdBlue Arbeitskreis 12/2012 - German Car Manufacturer hold approx. 50% Market Share in EU Approx. 40 Mio. Diesel passenger vehicles can be expected in EU by 2020
AdBlue Logsitics Female Coupling Male Coupling Pump / Dispenser Hose Assembly Safety Break Vehicle AdBlue Tank Nozzle Misfilling Prevention Underground Bulk Storage Tank
Vehicle Refilling Solutions - Bottles are available - Volume of 1,89 Liter - Flow rate of ~0,5 l/min - Canisters are available - Volume of 5 Liter - Flow rate of ~0,5 to 2 l/min - Multi Product Dispenser field tests are running - With geometrical Missfilling Prevention - Flow rate up to 10 l/min - ATEX Certification
Applicable Regulations Regulations that apply for AdBlue hose assemblies, safety breaks and nozzles on public EU petrol stations Weights and Measures - OIML R117 - MID National weights and measures law apply after initial operation Safety Quality Miscellaneous - ATEX - EN 13012 - EN 13617 - EN 13463 National law applies for installation and approval - ISO 22241 - EN 1360 (partly) - TRbF 40, 131 - WHG - DK Klass I-1, I-2 - SNFS 1996 MS88 - Arrêté n 1434 - PSG Article 9.6.1.3 - SFS 3352 - DSB point 15.2.4
The Future of AdBlue refilling?
Backup
Available Equipment DDC disconnect couplings for AdBlue storage tank filling: Field of application: suction and pressure hose for fuelling and discharging of IBCs, barrels, tank lorries and vessels, oil tankers and stationary installations. - Connectable up to 7 bar line pressure - Working pressure PN 25 - Material Stainless steel, PTFE - Certifications ATEX, STANAG 3756 Norm - Connection 2" Tank Truck hose UTL or UTS for AdBlue storage tank filling: Field of application: suction and pressure hose for fuelling and discharging of IBCs, barrels, tank trucks and vessels, oil tankers and stationary installations. - Certification EN 12115 and TRbF 131 - In compliance with AdBlue quality standard ISO 22241-1:2006
Available Equipment Dry Disconnect Coupling
Available Equipment Nozzle ZVA AdBlue LV - Weight 0.8 kg - Working pressure 0.5 to 3.5 bar - Flow rate 2-10 l min -1 - Hose connection R 1" AG (1" BSP male) - Certifications ATEX, GOST, EN 13012, AS/NZ 2229:2004 - Misfilling Prevention - In compliance with AdBlue quality standard ISO 22241-1:2006 Swivel Safety Break "SSB 16 SS" - Separating forces 80 kg (800 N) to 150 kg (1500 N) - Certifications ATEX, GOST, EN 13617-2, AS/NZ 2229:2004 Hose assemblies LPG 16 or EFL 16 - Certifications EN 1360, GOST - In compliance with AdBlue quality standard ISO 22241-1:2006