Payload optimization of articulated wagons regarding train length and vehicle dynamic behaviour Carlos Casanueva, KTH Railway Group, Rail Vehicles Visakh V Krishna, KTH Railway Group, Rail Vehicles Roger Jänsson, NTNet AB Bo-Lennart Nelldal, KTH Railway Group, Traffic Planning
Introduction Capacity4Rail intends to explore ways of improving the supply chain via a rail link WP2 Novel Rail Freight Vehicles Task 1 Shippers Component designers Infrastructure managers Consultants Academy 2
Increased payload More wagons Limit: 700m 750m 3
Increased payload per meter More wagons Limit: 700m 750m 4
Increased payload per meter 700m 750m 19th Nordic Seminar on Railway Technology, 14-15 September 2016, Luleå, Sweden 5
Increased payload per meter 20 40 45 19th Nordic Seminar on Railway Technology, 14-15 September 2016, Luleå, Sweden 6
Increased payload per meter Regular container transport 80ft class Sggnss wagons (VEL or Tatravagónka) 19th Nordic Seminar on Railway Technology, 14-15 September 2016, Luleå, Sweden 7
Increased payload per meter Problem: increased usage of 45ft containers C4R proposal: 90ft class Sgrss EXTENDED 8
Long articulated vehicles Advantages - Increased payload per meter - Less inter-wagon couplers Disadvantages - Maintenance depots - When one of the wagons has a problem, five are retired - Total length of the train limited by the bigger steps between wagons Less couplers Expensive centre couplers Electrification EP brakes & Advanced condition monitoring 9
Cost analysis Cost to manufacture and maintain Total operating cost, including capital costs and track access charges 12-axle 6-axle 4% less 10
Vehicle design Main objectives: - Carry SWOP bodies and 20, 40 and 45 containers - Shortest possible length - Lightweight 11
Vehicle design Main objectives: - Carry SWOP bodies and 20, 40 and 45 containers - Shortest possible length - Lightweight 12
Modelling and simulation MBS software GENSYS Y25 bogies - Critical speed (Ideal tangent track) - Y/Q values (Curved track with track irregularities) 13
Critical speed Cri$cal(Speed((km/h)( 140# 120# 100# 80# 60# 40# 100# 85# 87# 113# 94# 96# 123# 104# 106# Single#Car# 2#car#wagon#system# 5#car#wagon#system# 20# 0# 18T_r380# 20T_r420# 22,5T_r460# Load((T)(and(Wheel(radius(mm)( 14
Y/Q values 6 axle 12 axle 11 Probability Normal Probability Plot 0.999 0.997 0.99 0.98 0.95 0.90 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.10 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.003 0.001-0.2-0.1 0 0.1 0.2 Data Probability 0.999 0.997 0.99 0.98 0.95 0.90 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.10 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.003 0.001 Normal Probability Plot 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Data Probability 0.999 0.997 0.99 0.98 0.95 0.90 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.10 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.003 0.001 Normal Probability Plot 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 Data Probability 0.999 0.997 0.99 0.98 0.95 0.90 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.10 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.003 0.001 Normal Probability Plot -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 Data 21 Probability 0.999 0.997 0.99 0.98 0.95 0.90 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.10 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.003 0.001 Normal Probability Plot -0.2-0.1 0 0.1 Data Probability 0.999 0.997 0.99 0.98 0.95 0.90 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.10 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.003 0.001 Normal Probability Plot -0.05 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 Data 11 Probability 0.999 0.997 0.99 0.98 0.95 0.90 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.10 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.003 0.001 Normal Probability Plot 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Data 21 Probability 0.999 0.997 0.99 0.98 0.95 0.90 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.10 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.003 0.001 Normal Probability Plot -0.3-0.2-0.1 0 0.1 0.2 Data 15
Coupler forces Braking safety F x in buffers (N) #10 5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Articulated 5 car Articulated 2 car 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 t(s) F x in centreplate (N) #10 5 2 1.5 1 0.5 Articulated 5 car Articulated 2 car 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 t(s) 16
Conclusions and further work - 12-axle 5-wagon is more efficient than 6-axle 2-wagon - Pocket-wagons for trailers - Less flexible for maintenance purposes. - Critical speed slightly increases with the number of coupled vehicles - Still lower than a single vehicle, due to first-bogie load - Y/Q values larger for the 12-axle vehicle, but still much lower than the safety values - Longitudinal dynamics don t change substantially - Calculate wear of the wheelsets 17
Thank you for your attention Carlos Casanueva, KTH Railway Group carlosc@kth.se Questions?