WELCOME Work Shop on Heavy Duty Fuel Efficiency Regulations PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 1
Outline 1. About PCRA 2. Impact of Growing Economy in India 3. Why FE Norms for Heavy Duty Vehicles 4. Development of Fuel Economy norms for heavy duty vehicles. 5. Formation of Steering Committee PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 2
1. About PCRA 2. Impact of Growing Economy in India 3. Why FE Norms for Heavy Duty Vehicles 4. Development of Fuel Economy norms for heavy duty vehicles. 5. Formation of steering committee PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 3
Activities undertaken by PCRA Industrial Sector / Commercial Bldg Sector Energy Audit Fuel Oil Diagnostic Study Walk Through Audits-SSI Follow up Studies I.T.P. Transport Sector Driver Training Programme Model Depot Study HDV Fuel Efficiency Norms PCRA Domestic Sector Youth Programmes Domestic Workshop Save LPG Clinics Other Activities International Networking OGCF Awards Agriculture Sector Demonstration Centre L.I.P. Rectification Kisan Melas Common to all Sectors Seminars/Technical Meets / Workshops Empanelment of Auditors Promote replication of PCRA efforts in Clusters PCRA- Integrated Energy Solution Provider PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 4
1. About PCRA 2. Impact of Growing Economy in India 3. Why FE Norms for Heavy Duty Vehicles 4. Development of Fuel Economy norms for heavy duty vehicles. 5. Formation of steering committee PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 5
Automobile Domestic Sales Trend 250 Nos in Millions 200 150 100 74.4 97.2 93.7 123 117.7 154.8 134.1 173.6 138 177.9 148.1 184.2 50 0 On March ending 15.5 3.8 3.5 2008-09 19.5 5.3 4.4 2009-10 25 6.8 5.3 2010-11 Passenger Vehicles Commercial Vehicles Three Wheelers Two Wheelers Grand Total 26.3 8.1 5.1 2011-12 26.7 7.9 5.4 2012-13 25 6.3 4.8 2013-14 Source-SIAM PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 6
CRUDE OIL IMPORT (MMT) 300 CRUDE OIL IMPORT (MMT) 281 250 200 150 100 50 0 159 164 172 185 189 189 112 122 133 40 58 74 79 82 90 96 99 1998-99 1999-2000 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2024-25 CRUDE OIL Source: PPAC PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 7
INDIA s Consumption Pattern of Petroleum products Lubricants & Greases 2.96 (2%) LDO 0.37 (0%) Petroleum Coke 14.41 (9%) FO & LSHS Bitumen 6.02 (4%) 4.98 (3%) Others 6.15 (4%) LPG 18.02 (11%) SKO 7.09 (4%) ATF 5.58 (3%) Naptha-NGL 10.94 (7%) HSD 69.40 (42%) Source: PPAC MS 19.07 (12%) Total 165 MMT (2014-15) PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 8
Demand Projection of HSD in India Demand in MMT 100 80 60 40 60.07 64.75 69.16 56.24 51.71 68.4 69.4 76.9 81.6 86.7 92 97.8 104.1 110.7 20 0 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 Years HSD Note : Actual data up to 2014-15 taken in graph PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 9
1. About PCRA 2. Impact of Growing Economy in India 3. Why FE Norms for Heavy Duty Vehicles 4. Development of Fuel Economy norms for heavy duty vehicles. 5. Formation of steering committee PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 10
Background : FUEL ECONOMY NORMS FOR HEAVY DUTY VEHICLES India s requirement of HSD to increase from 69.4 MMT in 2014-15 to 110.7 MMT in 2021-22. Major Consumption is by Heavy Duty Vehicles (trucks and buses). PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 11
Future Vehicle Projections Source: IMaCS Analysis PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 12
Factors causing energy loss in HDVs Figure depicts Energy loss in vehicles caused due to various factors and potential energy savings. Types Urban / Intercity (percent) Potential of energy savings (percent) Engine Losses 60 28 Heat rejection 26 Exhaust heat 24 Gas exchange 4 Friction 1.5 Engine accessories 2.5 Aerodynamic losses 4-10 / 21 11.5 Drivetrain losses 5-6 / 2 Braking losses 15-20 / 0-2 Auxiliary loads 7-8 / 4 Rolling resistance 8-12 / 13 11 Source: NRC,2010 Engine losses account for maximum losses. It is followed by braking losses, losses due to aerodynamics, rolling resistance, loads, and drive trains. PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 13
1. About PCRA 2. Impact of Growing Economy in India 3. Why FE Norms for Heavy Duty Vehicles 4. Development of Fuel Economy norms for heavy duty vehicles. 5. Formation of steering committee PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 14
Fuel consumption standards typically includes Approaches to the design of fuel consumption target values Stringency of the target Timing of Introduction Compliance roadmap PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 15
Dimensions of fuel consumption standards PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 16
Fuel consumption norms in other countries Source: ICCT-Anup.B presentation on HDV vehicle FE regulatory development around the world 3.7.12 PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 17
Fuel consumption norms for buses and trucks in other countries PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 18
Major challenge in setting up fuel consumption standards One of the pre-requisites for development of fuel consumption standards is collection of baseline data for various models of buses and trucks under pre-defined test conditions. For establishing the baseline for fuel consumption standards, fuel consumption or fuel economy data under standardised test conditions is required for each model of buses and trucks for all manufacturers for the baselines year. One of the biggest challenges for developing fuel consumption standards for trucks and buses was non-availability of any reported fuel economy data of trucks and buses, either by manufacturers or government bodies. PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 19
FUEL ECONOMY NORMS FOR HEAVY DUTY VEHICLES Suggested Methodology/approach : Main issues for resolution - What types of vehicles should be regulated? - What test procedures and methodologies are appropriate for measuring the fuel efficiency? - What metric(s) would be appropriate for measuring and expressing HDV fuel efficiency performance? - What is the range of factors such as design, functionality, use and duty cycle to be considered? - What methods will be used to determine compliance and overall program effectiveness? Key areas requiring comprehensive work (a) Industry Characterization - Description and weight rating of vehicle classes, market segments. - Review of current Domestic and International fuel efficiency voluntary and regulatory actions. PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 20
FUEL ECONOMY NORMS FOR HEAVY DUTY VEHICLES (b)..suggested Methodology/approach Evaluation of technology costs and benefits - Definition of baseline engine and vehicle configurations. - Overview of gasoline, diesel and natural gas engine technologies. - Estimated costs and benefits of different technologies, applicability in the near- and mid-term. (c) Definition of test procedures - Overview of existing engine test procedure - Procedures being followed in other countries. PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 21
FUEL ECONOMY NORMS FOR HEAVY DUTY VEHICLES..Suggested Methodology/approach (d) Vehicle Simulation Modeling - Evaluation of feasibility of using a model to simulate testing. - Application of model for vehicle certification purpose. (e) Evaluation of Standard Stringency and Emission criteria - Evaluation of fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emission reduction as well as cost for each of the scenario. - Air quality and health benefits of proposed standards. - Evaluation of other program impacts including noise, energy security impacts. - Evaluation of Trailers. (f) Additional considerations - Lead-time given for implementation of standards - Any flexibility mechanisms including averaging, banking and trading and credit of innovative technologies. PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 22
1. About PCRA 2. Impact of Growing Economy in India 3. Why FE Norms for Heavy Duty Vehicles 4. Development of Fuel Economy norms for heavy duty vehicles. 5. Formation of Steering Committee. PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 23
Project Approach Stakeholder Consultation FE Norms for Heavy Duty Vehicles Interactions were performed with Labs & Manufacturers Association to assess the test capacity methods and market structure of HDV segment Vehicle Classification Vehicle Classification is being done to identify the category of vehicles to be covered under the HDV FE norms i.e. passenger carriers and good carriers. Market Analysis Market Analysis is being done to analyze the market size of HDV M and N category. Test Methods & Labs Analysis of test methods national & international and laboratory capacity assessment is being done to understand the facility in place in India to undertake the HDV testing. PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 24
Vehicle Classification FE Norms for Heavy Duty Vehicles Vehicle Category Category Name Category Details (GVW in Tons) Buses (Carrying Passengers) Category M 1 Car < 3.5T Category M 2 Bus < 5T Category M 3 Bus > 5T Trucks (Carrying Goods) Category N 1 LCV 3.5T Category N 2 MCV > 3.5T 12 T Category N 3 HCV > 12 T PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 25
FE Norms for Heavy Duty Vehicles Test Methods S. No. Type of Test Simulation of Countries considering fuel consumption norms for HDVs 1. On-road NA India 2. Chassis Dynamometer Road China 3. Engine Dynamometer Road and non-engine components US, EU, Japan 4. Computer Simulation All US, EU, Japan, China PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 26
Lab Capacities in India FE Norms for Heavy Duty Vehicles Parameters ARAI VRDE ICAT CIRT Test Track NA Available Development under process Facility for chassis Dynamometer Yes Yes Yes NA Facility for Engine Dynamometer Yes Yes Yes Yes FE Test Equipment Yes Yes Yes Yes Trained Manpower Yes Yes Yes Yes NA NABL Accreditation Yes Yes Yes Yes PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 27
Next Actions a) To undertake detailed analysis of HDV s b) To start deeper analysis of test data received from Labs. c) To study comparative analysis of test procedures. d) To do analysis to identify best possible approach. e) Short term approach. f) Mid/Long term approach. g) Technology gap- analysis for achieving higher FE. PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 28
save fuel today, secure your tomorrow Thank You PCRA An Integrated Energy Solution Provider 29