India s Policy and Practices for Energy Sustainability & Green Railways

India s Policy and Practices for Energy Sustainability & Green Railways

Overview of Indian Railways Route Length: > 66000 route kms Broad, Meter and Narrow gauges 35% of routes Electrified Freight Traffic: > 900 million tonnes per year Passenger Traffic: > 18 million passengers per day Employees: 1.3 million

Energy consumption The requirement of energy at the end of XI Plan is expected to be as under. 2006 07 2011 12 % Increase Electrical Energy(Billion kwhr) Diesel Oil (Billion Liters) 13.3 17.15 5.5 2.08 2.23 1.5 Traffic has grown by 8% p.a. but energy consumption has only grown by 5.5% p.a. due to energy conservation measures adopted by Indian Railways.

National Action Plan Achieving national growth objectives through a qualitative change in direction that enhances ecological sustainability, leading to further mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. Devising efficient and cost-effective strategies for end use Demand Side Management.

National Action Plan Deploying appropriate technologies for both adaptation and mitigation of greenhouse gases emissions extensively as well as at an accelerated pace. Welcoming international cooperation for research, development, sharing and transfer of technologies enabled by additional funding and a global IPR regime that facilitates technology transfer to developing countries under the UNFCCC.

National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change. Missions of Nation Action Plan National Solar Mission, National Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency, National Mission on Sustainable Habitat, National Water Mission, National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem, National Mission for a Green India, National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture

Categories of Green Energy in India Renewable energy (e.g. solar, wind, biomass, hydro) Fuel switching (e.g. oil to gas, coal to gas) Energy efficiency (e.g. lighting, insulation, process optimization) Waste processing (e.g. land fill gas extraction, waste incineration) Waste heat recovery projects including power generation Energy savings by elimination of reheating processes Afforestation

Potential areas for CDM Projects in Railways Dedicated Freight Corridor (DFC) Modal Shift of passenger traffic from road to rail Use of Bio Diesel Use of CFL and T 5 energy efficient lights in quarters and office buildings Introduction of Energy efficient wagons/coaches Use of Solar based lighting system for service buildings, level crossing and gate lodges Electrification of Railway Tracks Afforestation by planting Jatropha

Indian Railways have signed a Letter of Intent (LOI) with World Bank in 2007 for regenerative braking projects for Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) in Mumbai area and IGBT/GTO based Locomotives of Indian Railway for getting Carbon Credits. This project has been taken up under CDM in association with World Bank. Host Country approval was accorded in 2009. The project is under registration with UNFCCC. This project is expected to reduce upto 100,000 tonnes of CO 2 emission into the atmosphere.

Replacing 2.6 million incandescent bulbs by CFL in railway households through CDM Indian Railways have taken up the project of distribution of Free CFLs to employees housed in railway quarters to reduce Green House Gasses under Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). 4 CFLs given free per railway household. A total of 1.4 million CFLs distributed and installed. This project has been accorded Host Country approval by Ministry of Environment and Forest in May 2010, distribution has been completed and project has been registered with UNFCCC in 2011. In addition to the reduced energy consumption for the railway employees, it will reduce upto 100,000 tonnes of CO 2 emission per year into the environment.

Wind Power Mill 10 MW wind power mill has been setup for Integral Coach factory (ICF) Chennai in Southern Region and will reduce around 25,000 tonnes of CO2 per annum 1 Unit of electricity generated will give `0.5 of CER

Action initiated by railways High power electric locos Procurement of 12000 HP IGBT based twin Bo-Bo electric locos to be manufactured in Madhepura electric loco factory. Bhartiya Rail Bijlee company Railways JV with NTPC became operational by 2010-11. Out of 1000 MW produced, 900 MW will be for Railways requirement.

Action initiated by railways Light weight stainless steel coaches with enhanced passenger carrying capacity and new designs of freight stock are being developed with higher payload to tare ratio. Production of high horse power, fuel efficient EMD design of locomotives at Diesel Locomotive Works (DLW) has been increased and complete switch over to the manufacture of these locomotives has been planned.

WAY FORWARD Harnessing both existing tools (like CDM) and emerging tools like Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) for transfer of technology as well as financing. Energy Efficiency upto 15% energy saving is achievable in Indian Railways. Achieving maximum energy efficiency in traction (which accounts for 87% of energy consumed by Indian Railways) as well as non traction use will receive the highest priority.

WAY FORWARD Inducting new generation locomotives and rolling stock, that use less energy and less material. Energy audits would be carried out to improve energy efficiency on thousands of its stations and offices. LED lighting and Energy Conversation Building Code (ECBC) would be adopted. At least 10% of energy used would be sourced from renewable sources such as solar power and biomass.

WAY FORWARD Indian Railways would vigorously implement a policy to procure only 3 star or higher rated products for achieving energy efficiency. Henceforth, all Indian Railway's Vendors, partners, SPVs and projects are going to be eco friendly and climate compliant with exacting standards. Railways will also undertake a massive plantation drive along the Railway tracks, in railway colonies and use grass turfing as a protective anti erosion measure on the slopes of the banks along the track.

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