Next Steps in Human Exploration: Cislunar Systems and Architectures Matthew Duggan FISO Telecon August 9, 2017 2017 The Boeing Company Copyright 2010 Boeing. All rights reserved. Boeing Proprietary Distribution Limited to Boeing and NASA Personnel
Steps to Mars 2
6 Essential Capabilities to Get to Mars Orion Deep Space Habitat Mars Crew Vehicle & Surface Systems Space Launch System Propulsion and Power Tug Mars Entry and Ascent Earth/Cislunar Transit Mars 3
Boeing s Cislunar Gateway 4
Cislunar Gateway Mission 2 Mission 4 Mission 6 Mission 3 Mission 5 EM-2 EM-3 EM-4 EM-5 EM-6 Propulsion and Power Bus Pressurized Docking Module Airlock Module Lunar Lander Habitat Module Purpose: Establish presence in cislunar space and provide utilities Purpose: Provide docking ports and basic life support Purpose: Provides EVA and crew exercise capability Purpose: Crew and/or robotic lunar surface excursions Purpose: Regenerative life support systems and additional living space 5
Proving Ground Phase 1: Cislunar Proving Ground Objectives Phase 1 Incremental in-space assembly of cislunar spacecraft Cislunar orbiting spacecraft serves as both a mars exploration waypoint and lunar exploration outpost High Output Solar Electric Propulsion Demonstration of key exploration systems in applicable deep space environments Orion Debut Co-manifested payload delivery to cislunar orbit Orion performance and choreography to deliver a comanifested payload validated SLS Debut Exploration Upper Stage Additional SLS Upgrades Extreme Heavy lift launch capability of the Space Launch System (SLS) and its Exploration Upper Stage (EUS) 6
Boeing Proving Ground Sequence Deep Space Gateway (DSG) Deep Space Transit (DST) Spaceship DST w/ High Output Bus Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 2018 2023 2024 2025 2026 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 s EM-1 EM-2 EM-3 EM-4 EM-5 EM-6 EM-7 EM-8 EM-9 EM-10 EM-12 EM-13 EM-13 Orion Demo Lunar Flyby Orion & Pwr/Prop Bus 4 Crew 21 days Establish Cislunar Presence Orion & Docking Module 4 Crew 21 days Establish Cislunar Habitability Orion & Airlock 4 Crew 42 days Establish EVA Capability Lunar Lander Cargo Lunar Surface Access Orion & Habitat Module 4 Crew 42 days Lunar Landing Transit Spaceship (DST) Cargo - Orion & Logistics 4 Crew 221 days Checkout in NRO Logistics & Propellant Cargo Refuel & Outfit DST Orion & Logistics Module 4 Crew 300 days Cislunar Transit Orion & Logistics Module 4 Crew 42 days Lunar Sortie, 2+2 crew High Output Bus Cargo - Orion & Logistics 4 Crew 800+ days Mars Transit 7
Earth Independent Phase 2: Earth Independent Proving Ground Objectives Phase 2 Long duration autonomous transit habitation Mars-class fully autonomous transit spacecraft and autonomous habitation system operation 150+ kw output solar electric propulsion Demonstrate a one year earthindependent mission (equivalent to one leg of a Mars mission) Deep Space EVAs One year deep space transit Deep space transit systems validation 8
Ops Concept & Key Characteristics (crew arrives in Orion) Deep Space Gateway Orion Comanifest Cargo LOI Hours (Orion comanifest) Days (Cargo) TLI 3-6 days 4 Crew for up to 14 Days LLO SLS B2 to TLI: Co-man.: Orion+13t Cargo: 45t NRO/DRO SLS B2 Orion to TLI LEO 185km Earth Return Mission profile optimized for SLS performance and use of Deep Space Gateway 9
Lunar Lander Ascent Module Descent Module Suits & Rover 10
Cislunar Gateway Mars Extensibility Mars mission propulsion can be derived from scaled-up satellite and lunar buses LEO commercialization supports Mars affordability Mars orbital and Phobos/Deimos precursor missions for affordability and incremental risk reduction Mars Ascent Vehicle developed from lunar ascent module lessons Mars spaceship at cislunar spacecraft - demonstrating technologies & techniques Cislunar habitat incorporates reliable regenerative life support systems to reduce long-term resupply expenses Mars spaceship habitat developed from SLS propellant tank structure Mars surface habitats developed from lunar habitat lessons 11
Boeing s Path to Mars 12
Mission 1: Phobos Surface Exploration Transit Bus & Transit Habitat Resupply Modules 13
Mission 2: Mars Surface Sortie Transit Bus & Transit Habitat Resupply Modules Plus Lander & Ascent Vehicles 14
Mission 3: Mars Surface Long Duration Exploration Transit Bus & Transit Habitat Resupply Modules Lander & Ascent Vehicles Plus Surface Habitat 15
Exploration Systems Challenges Mars System Reconnaissance Dependable Life Support Long Duration Micro-g Countermeasures Space Radiation Countermeasures High-rate Communication at Mars Mars Entry, Descent and Landing for Large Masses Surface Power Generation and Storage 16
Systems Ready for Deep Space Propulsion and Motion Control Command and Telemetry Thermal Control Life Support Technology Structures and Mechanisms In-space Power Generation and Storage 17
NextSTEP - 2 NASA selected six companies under the second Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships (NextSTEP) announcement Develop full-sized ground prototypes and concepts for deep space habitats NextSTEP seeks to advance deep space exploration capabilities to support human space flight missions in the cislunar proving ground. 18
Boeing s NextSTEP-2 Boeing will: Develop an architecture and element concepts for long duration, deep space human spaceflight exploration missions Build a full scale ground demonstrator prototype habitat Define standards and common interfaces Boeing leads a global team of companies, each contributing valuable habitat systems experience, subject matter expertise, and services for NextSTEP-2 19
Conclusions 20