World Tariff Profiles 2010 UNITED NATIONS

WTO MEMBERS (As of 01 May 2010) Albania Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Australia Austria Bahrain, Kingdom of Bangladesh Barbados Belgium Belize Benin Bolivia Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Congo Costa Rica Côte d Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Estonia European Union Fiji Finland Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) France Gabon The Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Greece Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong, China Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kenya Korea, Republic of Kuwait Kyrgyz Republic Latvia Lesotho Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macao, China Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Moldova Mongolia Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent & the Grenadines Saudi Arabia Senegal Sierra Leone Singapore Slovak Republic Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Suriname Swaziland Sweden Switzerland Chinese Taipei Tanzania Thailand Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Turkey Uganda Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States of America Uruguay Viet Nam Zambia Zimbabwe

WTO The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world s trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. The WTO s main function is to ensure that trade flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible. It does this by administering trade agreements, acting as a forum for trade negotiations, settling trade disputes, reviewing national trade policies, assisting developing countries in trade policy issues through technical assistance and training programmes and cooperating with other international organizations. UNCTAD Established in 1964, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) promotes the development-friendly integration of developing countries into the world economy. UNCTAD has progressively evolved into an authoritative knowledge-based institution whose work aims to help shape current policy debates and thinking on development, with a particular focus on ensuring that domestic policies and international action are mutually supportive in bringing about sustainable development. Three key functions of UNCTAD are: (1) to function as a forum for intergovernmental deliberations, supported by discussions with experts and exchanges of experience, aimed at consensus building; (2) to undertake research, policy analysis and data collection for the debates of government representatives and experts; and (3) to provide technical assistance tailored to the specific requirements of developing countries, with special attention to the needs of the least developed countries and of economies in transition. ITC The International Trade Centre (ITC) is the joint agency of the World Trade Organization and the United Nations. ITC enables small business export success in developing countries by providing, with partners, sustainable and inclusive trade development solutions to the private sector, trade support institutions and policymakers. ITC s strategic objectives are to strengthen the international competitiveness of enterprises, to develop the capacity of trade service providers to support businesses, and to support policymakers in integrating the business sector into the global economy. World Trade Organization and International Trade Centre UNCTAD/WTO 2010. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the World Trade Organization and the International Trade Centre. WTO publications can be obtained through major booksellers or: Direct from WTO Publications World Trade Organization 154, rue de Lausanne CH-1211 Geneva 21 Tel: (41 22) 739 52 08 Fax: (41 22) 739 54 58 Email: publications@wto.org Online WTO bookshop http://onlinebookshop.wto.org Printed in Switzerland, 2010 ISBN: 978-92-870-3745-9 Also available in French and Spanish: French title ISBN 978-92-870-3743-5 Spanish title ISBN 978-92-870-3744-2

Foreword The World Tariff Profi les is a joint publication of the WTO, ITC and UNCTAD devoted to market access for goods. This statistical yearbook contains a comprehensive compilation of the main tariff parameters for each of the 153 WTO Members and other countries and customs territories. Each country profile presents information on tariffs imposed by each economy on its imports complemented with an analysis of the market access conditions it faces in its major export markets. Statistics for all countries are given in standardized tables which make easier comparisons between countries, between sectors and, specifically for WTO Members, between bound and applied tariffs as well. The calculations are based on national tariff schedules and imports in conformity with a standard Harmonized System (HS) nomenclature version. To the extent possible, ad valorem equivalents (AVEs) of non-ad valorem tariffs are estimated and are included in the estimation of tariff indicators. Nonetheless, certain caveats apply in the interpretation of these indicators and the reader is advised to read the methodological notes that precede the statistical tables. The publication is presented in three main parts. The first part shows summary statistics for all countries and territories for all products, as well as a break-down into agricultural and non-agricultural products. The second part shows for each of these countries and territories, one full page with disaggregation by sectors and duty ranges. It also contains a section on the market access conditions faced in their respective major export markets. The third part contains a summary table on concessions on Other Duties and Charges (ODCs). The summary tables in the first part are designed to allow a cross-country comparison as well as a comparison of the levels of bound and applied duties. Apart from the standard indicators like tariff averages, maxima, percentage of duty-free tariff lines, peaks and non-ad valorem duties, it also contains indicators of tariff dispersion such as the number of distinct duties and the coefficient of variation. The calculation of these indicators is based, where applicable, on a pre-aggregation to HS six-digit subheadings, which leads to a standardization across countries and thus makes the comparisons more compatible. The country pages are divided into two blocks covering (A) the domestic market access protection and (B) the protection faced in the major export markets. In part A, information on bound and applied duties is shown by duty ranges and by sectors. Information for agricultural and non-agricultural duties is shown separately. In addition, there are indicators on the occurrence of special safeguards and on tariff quotas. In part B, the trade diversification and market access conditions in the five major export markets are depicted, broken down into agricultural and non-agricultural products. The technical annex is a table containing the summary statistics on concessions on ODCs for WTO Members. The data sources and a glossary, which briefly explains some of the most commonly used tariff and trade-related terms, conclude the publication. WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 iii

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Acknowledgements Acknowledgements are due, first of all, to all the data providers, mostly national administrations or WTO delegations who have made all this information available. In a number of cases, data has been made available on national websites or through regional organizations. Given the vast amount of statistical data and metadata that needed to be processed, and because this information is not available in one single organization, this publication was only possible as a joint effort of the WTO, ITC, and UNCTAD. Each of the three organizations has a proven track record in tariff analysis and comparative strengths in the field of tariff analysis. The WTO, as the repository of its Members binding commitments on goods and also as repository for Members notifications on their MFN applied tariffs, is of course at the core of this undertaking. The ITC complemented the missing up-to-date data on applied tariffs, preferential duties and contributed all the AVE estimates. UNCTAD collaborated with ITC in providing missing tariff data for some countries. The preparation of this publication was coordinated by Jürgen Richtering (WTO) in close collaboration with Mondher Mimouni (ITC) under the overall supervision of Hubert Escaith, WTO s Chief Statistician. Adelina Mendoza (WTO) was responsible for doing all the calculations and preparing the tables in their final layout. Xavier Pichot (ITC) and Clément Delorme (ITC) were in charge of providing additional input data and of calculating all the ad valorem equivalents. Thanks are also due to the WTO Information and External Relations Division and the WTO Languages Documentation and Information Management Division for rendering the publication in WTO s other official languages and preparing it for final printing and reproduction. WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 v

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Table of contents Part 1 tables Technical notes... 1 All products... 2... 8... 14 Part 2 Country pages Technical notes... 21 Country pages... 27 Part 3 Technical annexes A. Schedule of Concessions: Other Duties and Charges... 175 B. Data sources... 177 C. Glossary of tariff and trade-related terms... 184 vii WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010

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Index of country page tables Afghanistan 27 Albania 28 Algeria 29 Angola 30 Antigua and Barbuda 31 Argentina 32 Armenia 33 Australia 34 Azerbaijan 35 Bahamas 36 Bahrain 37 Bangladesh 38 Barbados 39 Belarus 40 Belize 41 Benin 42 Bermuda 43 Bolivarian Rep. of 44 Venezuela Bolivia 45 Bosnia and Herzegovina 46 Botswana 47 Brazil 48 Brunei Darussalam 49 Burkina Faso 50 Burundi 51 Cambodia 52 Cameroon 53 Canada 54 Cape Verde 55 Central African Republic 56 Chad 57 Chile 58 China 59 Colombia 60 Comoros 61 Congo 62 Costa Rica 63 Côte d Ivoire 64 Croatia 65 Cuba 66 Democratic Republic 67 of the Congo Djibouti 68 Dominica 69 Dominican Republic 70 Ecuador 71 Egypt 72 El Salvador 73 Ethiopia 74 European Union 1 75 Fiji 76 FYR of Macedonia 77 Gabon 78 Gambia 79 Georgia 80 Ghana 81 Grenada 82 Guatemala 83 Guinea 84 Guinea-Bissau 85 Guyana 86 Haiti 87 Honduras 88 Hong Kong, China 89 Iceland 90 India 91 Indonesia 92 Iran, Islamic Republic of 93 Israel 94 Jamaica 95 Japan 96 Jordan 97 Kazakhstan 98 Kenya 99 Korea, Republic of 100 Kuwait 101 Kyrgyz Republic 102 Lao People s Dem. Republic 103 Lesotho 104 Macao, China 105 Madagascar 106 Malawi 107 Malaysia 108 Maldives 109 Mali 110 Mauritania 111 Mauritius 112 Mexico 113 Moldova 114 Mongolia 115 Montenegro 116 Morocco 117 Mozambique 118 Myanmar 119 Namibia 120 Nepal 121 New Zealand 122 1 The information provided by the European Union covers its 27 members states. WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 ix

Index of country page tables Nicaragua 123 Niger 124 Nigeria 125 Norway 126 Oman 127 Pakistan 128 Palau 129 Panama 130 Papua New Guinea 131 Paraguay 132 Peru 133 Philippines 134 Qatar 135 Russian Federation 136 Rwanda 137 Saint Kitts and Nevis 138 Saint Lucia 139 Saint Vincent and the 140 Grenadines Saudi Arabia 141 Senegal 142 Serbia 143 Sierra Leone 144 Singapore 145 Solomon Islands 146 South Africa 147 Sri Lanka 148 Sudan 149 Suriname 150 Swaziland 151 Switzerland 2 152 Syrian Arab Republic 153 Chinese Taipei 154 Tajikistan 155 Tanzania 156 Thailand 157 Togo 158 Tonga 159 Trinidad and Tobago 160 Tunisia 161 Turkey 162 Uganda 163 Ukraine 164 United Arab Emirates 165 United States 166 Uruguay 167 Uzbekistan 168 Vanuatu 169 Viet Nam 170 Yemen 171 Zambia 172 Zimbabwe 173 2 The information provided by Switzerland covers Liechtenstein. x WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010

Abbreviations and Notations used Abbreviations used AVG Ag AVE HS Max MFN NAV Non-Ag SSG TL UV Average Ad valorem equivalent Harmonized System (nomenclature) Maximum duty Most favoured nation Non-ad valorem duty Non agricultural products Special safeguards Tariff line Unit value Notations used - Not applicable 0 = 0 (not rounded) 0.0 > 0 and < 0.05 100 = 100 (not rounded) 100.0 > 99.95 and < 100 Blank Italics US$ Bound or applied duties and/or imports are not available at all for a given country or territory. Maxima, based on AVE estimates are printed in italics; this also applies in cases when the ad valorem is part of a compound or mixed duty as ceiling or floor. United States dollar WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 xi

General Note The statistics related to applied tariffs and imports are calculated using data which are based on the HS nomenclature adopted by the country for the reference year. For statistics on bound tariffs, the calculations are based on the approved schedule of concessions of the WTO Member. In previous WTP issues, each schedule is based on the HS version which the Member used when it acceded to the WTO. For the 2010 issue of this publication, bound tariff statistics are based on the approved schedule of concessions for each Member in the most recent HS version, which for most Members is HS 2002. This might have some implications on the historical series of various bound tariff indicators affected by the use of a different nomenclature. While the Member s commitments, in principle, have not changed as a result of the transposition to HS 2002, some aggregate statistics might have been affected as a consequence of the change to another HS version. The classification of products into agricultural and non-agricultural is based on Annex 1 of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture which lists all products covered in the Agreement. The Annex enumerates HS codes that are subject to the agriculture negotiations in the WTO and are considered agricultural products. HS codes which are not in Annex 1 are subject to the non-agricultural market access negotiations and are considered nonagricultural products. In the comparison of bound and applied duties within countries and across countries, the following caveats need to be taken into account besides that of the effects of different HS versions used and nomenclature breakdowns. These are: (1) binding coverage; (2) tariff bindings not fully implemented; and (3) AVEs. While binding commitments cover all agricultural products, in principle, this is not always the case for nonagricultural goods. There are a number of WTO Members where the binding coverage for non-agricultural products is less and sometimes much less than 100 per cent. Also a number of developed countries have not yet fully bound all the tariff lines in their schedules. Any comparison of bound and applied tariff indicators is only valid in cases of full binding coverage. For most WTO Members, except the most recently acceded ones, all commitments dating back to the Uruguay Round have by now been implemented. In cases where commitments are not yet fully implemented, one may see MFN applied averages or maxima exceeding the corresponding bound duty indicators. Last but not least, the calculation of AVEs may affect the comparison between bound and applied duties when the changes in nomenclature have resulted in the use of different unit values. In other cases, bound duties have been expressed in a way that is not directly comparable with the currently used applied duties. In a number of cases, the estimated MFN applied AVEs were adjusted when the corresponding bound tariff lines were defined in ad valorem terms. In these cases, the corresponding bound ad valorem duty was used as ceiling for the AVE estimate. xii WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010

tables TECHNICAL NOTES Only duties and imports recorded under HS Chapters 01-97 are taken into account. Each applied tariff schedule is validated against the standard nomenclature at the HS six-digit subheading level of the HS version adopted by the country for the reference year. National tariff lines that do not follow this standard (i.e., the first six digits should be based on the standard subheading nomenclature of the HS version used by the country) are discarded and not taken into account. On the other hand, missing subheadings are added. Hence, all calculations are based on the complete standard nomenclature. All simple averages are based on pre-aggregated HS six-digit averages. Pre-aggregation means that duties at the tariff line level are first averaged to HS six-digit subheadings. Subsequent calculations are based on these pre-aggregated averages. To the extent possible, non-ad valorem duties are converted into ad valorem equivalents. The methodology used for the conversion is in Technical Annex B of World Tariff Profiles 2006. Description of column headings Column headings Year of MFN applied tariff Binding coverage Simple average Duty-free Non-ad valorem duties Description or method of calculation Calendar year or start of fiscal year Share of HS six-digit subheadings containing at least one bound tariff line. Full binding coverage is indicated by 100 without further decimals. If some tariff lines are unbound but the result still rounds to 100 this is reflected by maintaining one decimal, i.e. 100.0. Simple average of the ad valorem or AVE HS six-digit duty averages. Share of duty-free HS six-digit subheadings in the total number of subheadings in the product group. Partially duty-free subheadings are taken into account on a pro rata basis. Share of HS six-digit subheadings subject to non-ad valorem duties. When only part of the HS six-digit subheading is subject to non-ad valorem duties the percentage share of these tariff lines is used. Duties > 15 % Share of HS six-digit subheadings subject to ad valorem duties or AVEs greater than 15 per cent. When only part of the HS six-digit subheading is covered by such duties, the calculation is done on a pro rata basis. Duties > 3 * AVG Concessions not yet implemented in 2009 Maximum duty Number of distinct duty rates Share of HS six-digit subheadings subject to ad valorem duties or AVEs greater than three times the national average. When only part of the HS six-digit subheading is covered by such duties, the calculation is done on a pro rata basis. Share of HS six-digit bound subheadings not yet implemented in 2009. When only part of the HS six-digit subheading is covered by such duties the calculation is made on a pro rata basis. Maximum tariff line level ad valorem duty or AVE. duties not provided are not included in the count. Coefficient of variation Number of MFN applied tariff lines Standard deviation of tariff line duty rates divided by the simple tariff line level average of all duty rates. Includes only ad valorem duties or AVEs. Total number of MFN applied tariff lines SUMMARY TABLES WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 1

All products Tables All products Country/Territory Year of Simple average Duty-free Non ad valorem duties Duties > 15 % Binding MFN coverage MFN MFN MFN MFN applied Bound Bound Bound Bound applied applied applied applied tariff Share of HS 6 digit subheadings in per cent 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Afghanistan 2008 5.6 0.5 0.9 3.2 Albania 2009 100 7.0 5.0 28.8 39.6 0 0 15.9 0 Algeria 2009 18.6 1.4 0 40.7 Angola 2009 100 59.2 7.3 0 0 0 0 99.3 10.1 Antigua and Barbuda 2009 97.8 58.7 9.8 0 10.4 0 0 97.8 24.5 Argentina 2009 100 31.9 12.6 0.0 13.1 0 0 97.8 36.1 Armenia 2008 100 8.5 2.8 36.3 71.5 0 0.4 0 0 Australia 2009 97.1 10.0 3.5 20.7 48.8 0.3 0.2 13.7 4.1 Azerbaijan 2009 8.9 1.9 1.2 0.5 Bahamas 2009 35.8 9.8 0.3 83.2 Bahrain 2009 73.3 34.4 5.2 2.8 8.7 0 0.6 70.6 0.5 Bangladesh 2008 15.5 169.2 14.7 0.0 3.7 0 0.4 15.1 39.9 Barbados 97.8 78.1 0 0 97.8 Belarus 2009 10.6 8.9 12.2 17.2 Belize 2009 97.9 58.2 11.0 0 9.5 0 0.5 97.9 24.9 Benin 2009 39.0 28.5 11.9 0.6 1.6 0 0 17.7 40.0 Bermuda 2009 17.8 4.9 0.5 67.5 Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela 2009 100.0 36.5 12.5 0 0.6 0 0 99.0 28.1 Bolivia 2009 100 40.0 10.3 0 6.4 0 0 100.0 19.0 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2009 6.6 30.5 3.0 2.6 Botswana 2009 96.4 18.7 7.7 14.5 61.0 0 2.2 40.0 20.8 Brazil 2009 100 31.4 13.6 1.0 5.3 0 0 96.4 35.8 Brunei Darussalam 2008 95.3 25.4 2.5 0 81.0 0.3 0.3 95.2 9.3 Burkina Faso 2009 38.9 42.1 11.9 0.6 1.6 0 0 17.6 40.0 Burundi 2008 22.0 67.6 12.7 0.7 0.1 0 0.4 19.0 20.3 Cambodia 2008 100 19.1 14.2 0.9 5.5 0 0 44.5 19.1 Cameroon 2009 13.3 79.9 17.8 0 2.4 0 0 13.3 47.4 Canada 2009 99.7 6.7 4.5 37.6 58.9 2.8 1.7 7.4 6.6 Cape Verde 2009 100.0 15.8 10.4 4.8 43.6 0 0 44.1 31.6 Central African Republic 2009 62.1 36.2 17.8 0 0.6 0 0.4 62.1 46.9 Chad 2009 13.5 79.9 17.9 0 0.6 0 0 13.5 46.9 Chile 2009 100 25.1 6.0 0.0 0.3 0 0 100.0 0 China 2009 100 10.0 9.6 6.4 7.5 0 0.5 16.4 14.6 Colombia 2009 100 42.8 12.5 0 2.2 0 0 100.0 28.0 Comoros 2008 11.3 13.7 0.1 1.1 Congo 16.1 27.3 0 0 14.1 Costa Rica 2009 100 42.9 5.4 2.5 51.7 0 0 95.6 1.1 Côte d'ivoire 2009 32.9 11.1 11.9 0.6 1.6 0 0 2.5 40.0 Croatia 2009 100 6.2 4.9 27.2 49.0 1.9 1.9 3.9 3.8 Cuba 2009 30.9 21.3 10.7 2.1 5.9 0 0 14.0 9.7 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2009 100 96.2 12.0 0 0 0 0.3 98.9 35.2 Djibouti 2009 100 41.3 20.9 0.0 0.1 0 0 99.6 70.6 Dominica 94.7 58.7 0 0 94.7 Dominican Republic 2008 100 34.0 7.1 2.5 56.0 0 0 89.3 27.5 Ecuador 2009 100.0 21.8 11.2 0 44.7 0 0 71.7 33.0 Egypt 2009 99.4 36.7 17.3 2.4 8.0 0.2 0.2 71.3 19.3 El Salvador 2009 100 36.6 5.9 2.7 50.8 0 0 97.3 2.2 Ethiopia 2009 17.3 4.3 0.0 50.8 European Union 2009 100 5.2 5.3 28.9 26.7 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.4 Fiji 2009 51.3 41.5 12.0 0 3.3 0.3 1.9 51.3 15.2 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 2009 100 7.2 7.3 38.1 40.2 1.3 1.3 11.7 11.7 Gabon 2009 100 21.4 17.8 0 2.3 0 0 14.2 46.9 Gambia 2009 13.7 102.6 18.7 0 1.4 0 0.1 13.7 89.2 Georgia 2009 100.0 7.4 1.3 22.4 90.9 0.3 0.3 2.0 0.3 Ghana 2009 14.4 92.5 13.0 0 11.9 0 0.3 14.4 43.0 Grenada 2008 100 56.7 10.2 0.3 5.0 0 0.2 99.7 24.6 2 WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 SUMMARY TABLES

All products Tables All products Concessions Number of distinct duty Duties > 3 * AVG Maximum duty Coefficient of variation not yet rates Number of MFN implemented MFN MFN MFN Bound Bound MFN applied Bound Bound Country/Territory applied in 2009 applied applied applied tariff lines Share of HS 6 digit subhdgs in per cent 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 0.3 40 12 65 5,207 Afghanistan 0 15.8 0 20 15 8 6 97 111 9,576 Albania 0 30 4 56 5,903 Algeria 0 2.4 0 80 30 5 7 8 93 5,200 Angola 0.2 6.1 0 220 70 31 12 37 93 6,658 Antigua and Barbuda 0 0 0 35 35 18 17 23 85 9,783 Argentina 0 28.3 0 15 15 8 23 83 163 5,869 Armenia 5.9 4.1 0 55 249 72 19 111 157 6,002 Australia 0.4 221 61 90 10,128 Azerbaijan 0 75 14 49 5,896 Bahamas 0.3 0.5 0 200 200 4 10 40 180 7,100 Bahrain 0 0 0 200 25 14 32 39 59 6,433 Bangladesh 0.4 0 247 29 29 Barbados 0.8 332 188 93 11,031 Belarus 0 8.4 0 110 110 4 29 31 114 6,289 Belize 0.9 0 0 100 20 14 4 93 57 5,547 Benin 0.5 745 35 82 5,159 Bermuda 2.0 0.2 0 135 40 44 9 41 51 6,940 Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela 0 0 0 40 20 2 5 1 58 7,546 Bolivia 2.3 179 184 139 10,453 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2.7 8.9 0 597 255 57 145 129 153 6,701 Botswana 0 0 0 55 35 32 19 28 72 9,781 Brazil 0.1 11.2 0 > 1000 156 25 32 150 209 10,688 Brunei Darussalam 0 0 0 100 20 12 4 105 57 5,547 Burkina Faso 0 0 0 100 30 11 6 64 74 5,555 Burundi 0.1 0 0.4 60 35 23 4 56 73 10,688 Cambodia 0 0 0 80 30 2 6 2 53 6,124 Cameroon 1.1 9.2 0 539 539 535 264 332 404 8,308 Canada 2.1 6.0 58.4 55 50 12 9 81 125 5,583 Cape Verde 0 0 0 70 30 7 5 25 53 5,491 Central African Republic 0 0 0 80 30 2 6 1 53 5,474 Chad 0.1 0 0 98 13 7 4 9 8 7,713 Chile 1.4 2.1 0.1 65 65 54 94 75 79 7,877 China 2.2 0.4 0 227 80 49 11 53 63 7,253 Colombia 0 20 4 53 5,378 Comoros 0 0 30 3 26 Congo 0.1 1.1 0 233 150 18 20 37 171 9,638 Costa Rica 0.1 0 0 64 20 15 4 58 57 5,547 Côte d'ivoire 3.1 5.3 0 74 67 305 292 105 128 10,555 Croatia 0 0 0 62 30 29 12 77 68 5,418 Cuba 0 0 0 100 30 8 4 21 51 5,793 Democratic Republic of the Congo 0.6 0 0 450 33 14 10 49 41 5,579 Djibouti 0 0 150 3 40 Dominica 0 0.7 0.4 99 40 13 8 35 125 6,751 Dominican Republic 0.2 0.6 0 86 86 18 16 37 116 7,234 Ecuador 0.4 0.4 0 > 1000 > 1000 40 23 413 864 5,488 Egypt 0.2 2.2 0 164 164 15 11 35 141 6,591 El Salvador 0 35 6 67 5,468 Ethiopia 4.3 4.2 0 198 166 1167 944 192 175 10,321 European Union 0.2 0.5 0 > 1000 > 1000 33 127 80 317 5,783 Fiji 4.1 8.5 4.9 65 65 346 202 122 123 9,806 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 0 0 0 60 30 2 6 74 54 5,592 Gabon 0 0 0 110 20 9 4 21 21 5,067 Gambia 0.7 8.9 0 499 499 37 28 142 435 10,896 Georgia 0 0 0 99 20 6 8 21 55 5,864 Ghana 0.7 5.1 0 200 40 8 10 36 91 6,307 Grenada SUMMARY TABLES WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 3

All products Tables All products Country/Territory Year of Simple average Duty-free Non ad valorem duties Duties > 15 % Binding MFN coverage MFN MFN MFN MFN applied Bound Bound Bound Bound applied applied applied applied tariff Share of HS 6 digit subheadings in per cent 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Guatemala 2009 100 41.2 5.6 2.4 51.0 0 0 93.7 0.9 Guinea 2009 38.6 20.3 11.8 0.6 3.3 0 0 17.3 39.7 Guinea Bissau 2009 97.7 48.7 11.9 0 1.6 0 0 97.7 40.0 Guyana 2008 100 56.6 10.9 0 9.5 0 0 100.0 25.0 Haiti 2009 89.3 18.7 2.8 5.1 68.7 9.1 0.0 53.1 0.0 Honduras 2009 100 31.8 5.6 2.5 50.7 0 0.1 89.5 0.6 Hong Kong, China 2009 45.6 0 0 45.6 100.0 0 0 0 0 Iceland 2009 95.0 23.5 5.8 43.6 74.9 3.1 2.4 32.3 4.0 India 2009 73.8 48.5 12.9 2.7 2.8 5.3 5.2 70.5 17.1 Indonesia 2009 95.8 37.1 6.8 2.4 22.4 0 0.2 90.1 2.2 Iran, Islamic Republic of 2008 26.0 0 0.4 45.2 Israel 2009 75.1 22.3 6.5 8.5 57.4 5.9 4.9 21.4 4.9 Jamaica 2009 100 49.6 7.5 0.6 65.9 0.0 0.0 83.8 24.7 Japan 2009 99.7 5.1 4.9 53.0 53.7 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.6 Jordan 2009 100.0 16.3 10.2 6.5 54.4 0.1 0.1 47.4 33.4 Kazakhstan 2009 5.9 23.4 8.5 3.2 Kenya 2009 14.8 95.4 12.6 0 37.2 0 0.2 14.8 40.7 Korea, Republic of 2009 94.6 16.6 12.1 14.1 15.8 0.7 0.4 20.5 8.3 Kuwait 2009 99.9 100.0 4.7 0 8.7 0 1.3 99.9 0.2 Kyrgyz Republic 2009 100 7.5 4.6 20.0 48.2 0.6 0.4 3.0 0.4 Lao People's Democratic Republic 2008 9.7 0 0 13.4 Lesotho 2009 100 78.4 7.7 0 61.0 0 2.2 100.0 20.8 Macao, China 2009 27.9 0 0 27.9 100.0 0 0 0 0 Madagascar 2009 29.7 27.4 11.8 0.0 3.7 0 0.0 27.4 38.0 Malawi 2009 31.6 75.4 13.0 0 13.6 0 0.0 31.6 38.9 Malaysia 2009 84.3 24.0 8.4 6.0 59.2 2.9 0.7 36.8 21.3 Maldives 2009 97.1 36.9 20.4 0 0.1 0 0.4 97.1 59.4 Mali 2009 40.2 29.0 11.9 0.6 1.6 0 0 19.0 40.0 Mauritania 39.1 19.9 0.6 0 17.9 Mauritius 2009 17.9 94.0 1.4 3.2 91.5 0 2.4 14.8 1.8 Mexico 2009 100 36.1 11.5 0.3 19.6 0.9 0.7 98.6 25.5 Moldova 2009 100 7.0 4.6 25.2 47.7 1.1 1.3 2.6 1.3 Mongolia 2009 100 17.5 5.0 1.5 0.9 0 0.1 77.7 0.0 Montenegro 2009 4.9 5.0 1.1 4.8 Morocco 2009 100 41.3 18.1 0.0 0.0 0 0 99.5 39.0 Mozambique 2009 13.6 97.5 10.3 0 2.2 0 0 13.3 34.8 Myanmar 2008 17.6 83.4 5.6 0.9 3.4 0.1 0 14.4 5.4 Namibia 2009 96.4 19.0 7.7 14.6 61.0 0 2.2 39.9 20.8 Nepal 2009 99.4 26.0 12.4 2.7 2.6 0 0.5 88.2 13.8 New Zealand 2009 100 10.1 2.1 47.5 63.1 3.3 0.4 31.0 0.0 Nicaragua 2009 100 40.7 5.6 2.5 51.3 0 0 97.4 0.8 Niger 2009 96.7 44.6 11.9 0.6 1.4 0 0 75.8 40.0 Nigeria 2009 19.1 119.1 11.2 0 10.9 0 0 19.1 38.3 Norway 2009 100 20.1 6.1 46.3 88.6 10.6 6.8 6.3 4.9 Oman 2009 100 13.7 5.7 6.7 8.7 0 0.4 3.5 1.1 Pakistan 2009 98.7 59.9 13.9 0 6.1 0.0 0.7 95.0 36.9 Palau 2009 4.1 11.1 2.1 1.0 Panama 2009 100.0 23.5 7.1 2.1 36.0 0 0 71.1 1.3 Papua New Guinea 2008 100 32.1 5.0 0 78.8 0.8 0.2 71.5 13.9 Paraguay 2009 100 33.5 10.3 0 13.9 0 0 94.9 31.2 Peru 2009 100 29.3 5.5 2.6 50.6 0 0 97.4 12.9 Philippines 2009 67.0 25.7 6.3 2.5 2.3 0.1 0 56.0 3.1 Qatar 2009 100 15.9 5.1 0.9 9.6 0 0.6 18.8 0.5 Russian Federation 2009 10.5 11.5 12.0 16.9 Rwanda 2009 100 89.4 18.7 0.9 6.0 0 0.2 97.1 38.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis 2009 97.8 75.9 9.2 0 25.2 0 0.3 97.8 22.1 4 WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 SUMMARY TABLES

All products Tables All products Concessions Number of distinct duty Duties > 3 * AVG Maximum duty Coefficient of variation not yet rates Number of MFN implemented MFN MFN MFN Bound Bound MFN applied Bound Bound Country/Territory applied in 2009 applied applied applied tariff lines Share of HS 6 digit subhdgs in per cent 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 0.6 0.9 2.4 257 40 26 8 47 109 6,563 Guatemala 0.1 0 0 75 20 15 5 77 58 5,762 Guinea 0 0 0 50 20 2 4 7 57 5,547 Guinea Bissau 0 7.7 0 100 100 3 15 30 112 6,300 Guyana 0.0 17.0 0 70 58 919 7 59 166 5,249 Haiti 0.0 0.6 2.5 164 164 22 14 31 132 6,565 Honduras 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 6,989 Hong Kong, China 5.3 4.0 0 575 471 417 292 250 413 7,989 Iceland 4.7 2.1 0 300 246 358 250 82 123 11,360 India 0.4 1.2 0 210 150 17 31 35 164 8,737 Indonesia 6.8 400 23 108 6,649 Iran, Islamic Republic of 7.2 4.4 0 697 583 711 506 191 239 8,543 Israel 0 8.2 0 100 100 12 11 50 142 6,847 Jamaica 3.7 3.9 0 753 641 607 499 405 420 9,068 Japan 0.5 0.5 20.9 200 200 24 30 92 156 6,382 Jordan 3.0 332 185 127 10,851 Kazakhstan 0 0.7 0 100 100 5 12 15 94 5,259 Kenya 2.5 2.7 0 887 887 221 114 320 407 11,919 Korea, Republic of 0 0.2 0 100 100 1 4 0 110 7,100 Kuwait 0.1 2.0 0 179 170 58 19 76 108 10,953 Kyrgyz Republic 8.1 40 7 86 10,689 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0 8.9 0 200 129 2 145 60 145 6,701 Lesotho 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 6,344 Macao, China 0 0 0 30 20 13 4 20 57 6,338 Madagascar 0 0 0 125 25 10 8 54 76 5,435 Malawi 1.7 6.9 0 > 1000 > 1000 335 76 335 324 10,441 Malaysia 2.5 1.0 0 300 200 2 14 116 61 9,081 Maldives 0 0 0 75 20 12 4 88 57 5,547 Mali 1.5 0 75 13 87 Mauritania 0 7.8 0 122 129 5 259 56 347 6,293 Mauritius 0.8 1.4 0 254 254 111 87 35 154 12,101 Mexico 0.8 7.6 0 83 83 81 71 89 122 9,808 Moldova 0.0 0.1 0 75 25 12 5 36 14 5,062 Mongolia 6.8 62 78 125 9,705 Montenegro 1.3 1.2 0 289 304 48 42 56 113 17,734 Morocco 0 0 0 100 25 3 6 15 71 5,376 Mozambique 0.5 5.4 0 550 40 25 15 108 127 10,688 Myanmar 3.1 8.9 0 597 255 57 145 129 153 6,701 Namibia 0.5 3.2 0.2 200 154 13 45 49 84 5,163 Nepal 5.7 5.0 0 305 45 320 9 120 128 7,287 New Zealand 0.1 0.8 0 200 164 8 13 27 135 6,564 Nicaragua 3.1 0 0 200 20 13 4 75 57 5,543 Niger 0 2.4 0 150 35 7 6 40 74 5,670 Nigeria 5.9 4.6 0 > 1000 > 1000 939 706 330 451 7,042 Norway 1.2 1.1 0 200 197 14 13 138 200 7,110 Oman 0.0 0.7 0 200 100 17 60 37 83 6,802 Pakistan 1.0 > 1000 92 643 5,357 Palau 0.3 1.1 1.9 260 260 46 33 53 136 8,942 Panama 0.7 20.8 0 289 196 59 27 61 256 5,455 Papua New Guinea 0 0 0 35 30 6 24 22 80 9,727 Paraguay 0 12.9 2.6 68 17 3 3 24 116 6,968 Peru 0.0 3.1 0 80 65 24 15 49 111 8,901 Philippines 0.7 0.5 0 200 200 15 11 103 170 7,113 Qatar 0.9 > 1000 171 137 11,176 Russian Federation 0 0 0 100 30 14 5 32 53 5,903 Rwanda 0.1 2.5 0 250 192 22 29 25 110 6,335 Saint Kitts and Nevis SUMMARY TABLES WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 5

Tables Year of Simple average Duty-free Non ad valorem duties Duties > 15 % Country/Territory MFN MFN MFN MFN MFN applied Bound Bound Bound Bound applied applied applied applied tariff Share of HS 6 digit subheadings in per cent 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Afghanistan 2008 5.8 1.2 5.7 9.0 Albania 2009 9.5 7.9 11.0 11.2 0 0 16.1 0 Algeria 2009 23.3 0.2 0 69.5 Angola 2009 52.9 10.0 0 0 0 0 94.8 8.6 Antigua and Barbuda 2009 104.7 14.7 0 28.3 0 0 100.0 40.6 Argentina 2009 32.4 10.3 0.1 6.1 0 0 95.1 15.7 Armenia 2008 14.7 6.8 1.3 32.0 0 2.9 0 0 Australia 2009 3.4 1.3 30.8 74.9 1.6 1.0 3.8 0.5 Azerbaijan 2009 13.5 1.7 6.1 2.7 Bahamas 2009 23.2 25.4 0.1 56.6 Bahrain 2009 38.9 8.5 0 21.2 0 2.7 100.0 3.6 Bangladesh 2008 192.0 17.6 0 9.3 0 0.6 99.3 56.8 Barbados 110.8 0 0 100.0 Belarus 2009 12.2 6.4 27.7 10.9 Belize 2009 101.1 21.7 0 12.7 0 3.6 100.0 48.5 Benin 2009 61.8 14.5 0 0 0 0 98.3 58.5 Bermuda 2009 11.2 16.5 3.2 19.4 Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela 2009 55.7 15.0 0 0 0 0 99.0 40.7 Bolivia 2009 40.0 12.4 0 0.3 0 0 100.0 19.5 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2009 10.8 34.7 22.1 19.3 Botswana 2009 37.2 9.0 21.5 45.5 0 14.3 72.7 24.3 Brazil 2009 35.4 10.2 2.7 6.3 0 0 95.7 15.1 Brunei Darussalam 2008 31.6 0.1 0 98.4 2.2 1.2 96.5 0.0 Burkina Faso 2009 98.2 14.5 0 0 0 0 98.3 58.5 Burundi 2008 94.7 10.5 3.0 0 0 0.1 96.2 20.7 Cambodia 2008 28.1 18.1 0 5.1 0 0 72.1 35.1 Cameroon 2009 80.0 22.3 0 1.2 0 0 100.0 69.2 Canada 2009 15.4 10.7 48.0 57.3 19.2 12.3 9.7 5.8 Cape Verde 2009 19.3 12.2 0 30.7 0 0 61.8 39.4 Central African Republic 2009 30.0 21.9 0 0 0 0.3 100.0 66.1 Chad 2009 80.0 21.9 0 0 0 0 100.0 66.2 Chile 2009 26.0 6.0 0 0 0 0 100.0 0 China 2009 15.7 15.6 6.0 5.9 0 0.5 35.5 35.0 Colombia 2009 91.4 16.8 0 0 0 0 99.9 43.1 Comoros 2008 5.6 27.4 0.1 7.1 Congo 30.0 0 0 100.0 Costa Rica 2009 42.7 11.7 0 25.1 0 0 89.8 8.7 Côte d'ivoire 2009 14.9 14.5 0.1 0 0 0 1.0 58.5 Croatia 2009 11.4 10.7 16.5 26.2 14.5 14.6 27.1 26.7 Cuba 2009 37.0 10.9 4.6 9.0 0 0 92.5 18.3 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2009 98.2 12.8 0 0 0 0.4 99.7 37.6 Djibouti 2009 49.9 14.2 0 0.6 0 0 99.7 34.2 Dominica 112.2 0 0 100.0 Dominican Republic 2008 39.5 12.8 0 32.9 0 0 98.9 53.0 Ecuador 2009 25.7 18.4 0 23.0 0 0 86.8 60.3 Egypt 2009 95.4 70.7 0 13.6 1.5 1.3 68.1 26.4 El Salvador 2009 42.5 12.3 0 25.1 0 0 100.0 12.6 Ethiopia 2009 22.3 1.4 0.2 70.5 European Union 2009 13.5 13.5 32.5 29.8 32.0 31.6 27.2 26.7 Fiji 2009 46.0 23.9 0 3.1 2.2 3.5 99.8 16.7 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 2009 13.0 13.4 35.0 33.7 9.2 9.6 31.2 32.6 Gabon 2009 59.7 21.8 0 0.2 0 0 99.3 66.2 Gambia 2009 104.3 17.4 0 4.6 0 0.3 100.0 81.3 Georgia 2009 13.1 7.7 8.4 48.9 2.5 2.5 13.3 2.0 Ghana 2009 97.2 17.4 0 2.7 0 0.1 100.0 76.6 Grenada 2008 100.8 16.9 2.0 12.3 0 0.1 98.0 43.8 8 WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 SUMMARY TABLES

Tables Concessions Number of distinct duty Duties > 3 * AVG Maximum duty Coefficient of variation rates Number of not yet MFN implemented MFN MFN MFN Bound Bound MFN applied Bound Bound Country/Territory applied in 2009 applied applied applied tariff lines Share of HS 6 digit subhdgs in per cent 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 0.8 40 8 87 684 Afghanistan 0 0 0 20 15 6 6 58 58 1,994 Albania 0 30 4 47 784 Algeria 0 5.2 0 60 30 4 7 17 71 693 Angola 0 0.3 0 220 45 10 10 17 90 1,091 Antigua and Barbuda 0 0.3 0 35 32 14 15 24 53 945 Argentina 0 0 0 15 15 5 21 13 71 711 Armenia 7.7 25.1 0 29 22 37 8 143 171 748 Australia 1.1 128 48 76 2,080 Azerbaijan 0 60 11 77 974 Bahamas 2.2 3.6 0 200 200 3 10 62 288 1,122 Bahrain 0 0 0 200 25 7 8 19 49 967 Bangladesh 0 0 223 15 23 Barbados 1.6 332 112 94 2,343 Belarus 0 3.6 0 110 110 4 19 7 100 1,023 Belize 0 0 0 100 20 7 3 20 46 786 Benin 2.9 745 28 292 682 Bermuda 0 0 0 135 20 39 4 60 35 942 Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela 0 0 0 40 20 2 5 1 38 1,036 Bolivia 10.6 179 180 130 2,084 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2.5 6.8 0 597 129 52 111 137 137 919 Botswana 0 0 0 55 20 21 13 31 51 945 Brazil 1.1 1.6 0 > 1000 50 23 11 294 1,011 1,216 Brunei Darussalam 0 0 0 100 20 6 3 13 46 786 Burkina Faso 0 0 0 100 30 5 4 24 95 781 Burundi 0 0 0.1 60 35 13 4 44 72 1,216 Cambodia 0 0 0 80 30 1 5 0 43 877 Cameroon 6.1 3.8 0 539 539 453 244 289 302 1,370 Canada 0 4.9 65.4 55 50 11 8 60 108 763 Cape Verde 0 0 0 30 30 1 4 0 45 814 Central African Republic 0 0 0 80 30 1 5 0 45 807 Chad 0.6 0 0 98 13 3 2 22 11 1,048 Chile 2.9 3.2 0.4 65 65 37 48 75 74 1,093 China 0 2.6 0 227 80 47 9 38 69 964 Colombia 7.1 20 4 100 716 Comoros 0 0 30 1 0 Congo 1.0 6.4 0 233 150 14 19 64 136 1,599 Costa Rica 0.9 0 0 64 20 8 3 36 46 786 Côte d'ivoire 5.7 6.7 0 74 67 302 284 80 82 2,496 Croatia 0 0 0 40 30 8 11 28 82 746 Cuba 0 0 0 100 20 4 3 12 45 749 Democratic Republic of the Congo 4.6 0 0 450 26 10 8 98 70 782 Djibouti 0 0 150 3 21 Dominica 0 3.1 0 99 40 12 7 26 81 1,007 Dominican Republic 0.7 1.2 0 86 86 16 13 42 76 950 Ecuador 2.2 2.4 0 > 1000 > 1000 32 21 449 588 744 Egypt 1.4 7.4 0 164 164 13 9 49 126 966 El Salvador 0 35 6 48 729 Ethiopia 8.4 7.5 0 198 166 1090 885 135 120 2,724 European Union 1.0 2.5 0 > 1000 > 1000 33 45 135 352 751 Fiji 9.9 7.1 0 65 65 327 179 93 93 2,077 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 0 0 0 60 30 2 5 9 45 834 Gabon 0 0 0 110 20 6 4 19 33 667 Gambia 0.3 1.3 0 499 499 34 28 184 194 2,203 Georgia 0 0 0 99 20 3 3 10 28 801 Ghana 0 0 0 200 40 8 10 30 83 1,026 Grenada SUMMARY TABLES WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 9

Tables Year of Simple average Duty-free Non ad valorem duties Duties > 15 % MFN MFN MFN MFN MFN Country/Territory applied Bound Bound Bound Bound applied applied applied applied tariff Share of HS 6 digit subheadings in per cent 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Guatemala 2009 51.0 9.9 0 24.7 0 0 97.9 4.2 Guinea 2009 39.7 14.2 0 3.2 0 0 98.3 56.7 Guinea Bissau 2009 40.1 14.5 0 0 0 0 100.0 58.5 Guyana 2008 99.7 21.7 0 10.6 0 0 100.0 49.2 Haiti 2009 21.1 5.9 17.2 36.1 8.7 0.4 65.9 0 Honduras 2009 32.4 10.5 0 23.8 0 0.6 94.3 4.6 Hong Kong, China 2009 0 0 100.0 100.0 0 0 0 0 Iceland 2009 109.0 28.6 26.0 62.5 23.1 18.2 61.6 30.1 India 2009 113.1 31.8 0 5.6 0.3 0.3 98.5 82.3 Indonesia 2009 47.1 8.4 0 13.5 0 1.3 99.4 4.4 Iran, Islamic Republic of 2008 28.9 0 0.5 56.1 Israel 2009 73.3 16.5 3.1 39.1 0.2 21.2 75.3 27.1 Jamaica 2009 97.0 17.9 1.7 41.7 0.3 0.2 97.3 48.0 Japan 2009 22.2 21.0 34.2 35.1 15.1 14.6 24.0 22.4 Jordan 2009 23.6 18.6 1.1 35.1 0.8 0.8 55.3 47.5 Kazakhstan 2009 12.2 6.2 21.1 18.0 Kenya 2009 100.0 19.9 0 16.0 0 1.1 100.0 68.0 Korea, Republic of 2009 56.1 48.6 2.2 6.2 5.2 2.7 73.1 51.5 Kuwait 2009 100.0 5.2 0 21.2 0 7.9 100.0 1.4 Kyrgyz Republic 2009 12.7 7.7 1.2 27.1 2.2 2.4 22.5 3.2 Lao People's Democratic Republic 2008 19.5 0 0 51.2 Lesotho 2009 199.1 9.0 0 45.5 0 14.3 100.0 24.3 Macao, China 2009 0 0 100.0 100.0 0 0 0 0 Madagascar 2009 30.0 14.6 0 3.7 0 0 100.0 60.1 Malawi 2009 121.2 17.1 0 11.1 0 0 100.0 56.4 Malaysia 2009 73.0 13.5 12.9 74.6 21.2 5.0 27.9 8.5 Maldives 2009 48.0 18.3 0 0.5 0 0.2 100.0 28.0 Mali 2009 59.2 14.5 0 0 0 0 98.4 58.5 Mauritania 37.8 0 0 98.3 Mauritius 2009 119.7 1.0 0 92.9 0 0.2 100.0 0.4 Mexico 2009 44.2 22.1 0.4 12.1 6.9 5.1 95.0 43.8 Moldova 2009 13.9 10.7 3.1 18.4 8.7 8.6 18.8 9.8 Mongolia 2009 18.9 5.1 0.7 0.8 0 0.5 73.8 0.2 Montenegro 2009 10.9 23.9 8.4 30.4 Morocco 2009 54.4 42.1 0 0 0 0 99.9 75.3 Mozambique 2009 100.0 13.5 0 0.6 0 0 100.0 58.3 Myanmar 2008 103.7 8.7 0.6 7.6 0.6 0 85.0 3.9 Namibia 2009 39.5 9.0 22.1 45.5 0 14.3 72.2 24.3 Nepal 2009 41.4 14.3 0 0 0 2.6 96.5 11.3 New Zealand 2009 5.9 1.4 55.0 71.0 0.2 0.1 13.1 0 Nicaragua 2009 43.4 11.0 0 23.7 0 0 100.0 6.0 Niger 2009 84.2 14.5 0 0 0 0 98.3 58.5 Nigeria 2009 150.0 15.5 0 0 0 0 100.0 60.4 Norway 2009 130.9 43.2 29.0 45.7 65.5 50.7 47.1 36.9 Oman 2009 27.7 12.2 0 21.2 0 1.3 11.1 8.0 Pakistan 2009 95.6 17.1 0 13.7 0.1 5.0 92.8 38.0 Palau 2009 10.5 62.5 2.9 4.2 Panama 2009 27.7 13.4 0.4 25.6 0 0 79.9 9.6 Papua New Guinea 2008 45.8 14.2 0 48.0 5.9 1.7 79.6 35.7 Paraguay 2009 33.2 10.3 0 6.2 0 0 93.5 15.2 Peru 2009 30.8 6.2 0 35.2 0 0 100.0 4.5 Philippines 2009 35.0 9.8 0 0.1 0.6 0 90.3 13.1 Qatar 2009 25.7 8.0 0 21.2 0 2.7 23.5 3.8 Russian Federation 2009 13.2 6.0 27.3 12.3 Rwanda 2009 74.1 15.1 3.0 0 0 0 95.0 29.0 Saint Kitts and Nevis 2009 108.6 13.2 0 27.8 0 2.0 99.5 31.9 10 WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 SUMMARY TABLES

Tables Concessions Number of distinct duty Duties > 3 * AVG Maximum duty Coefficient of variation rates Number of not yet MFN implemented MFN MFN MFN Bound Bound MFN applied Bound Bound Country/Territory applied in 2009 applied applied applied tariff lines Share of HS 6 digit subhdgs in per cent 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 3.9 1.5 0 257 40 22 8 80 73 941 Guatemala 0 0 0 75 20 6 5 14 49 808 Guinea 0 0 0 50 20 2 3 3 46 786 Guinea Bissau 0 4.1 0 100 100 2 10 6 97 1,026 Guyana 0.3 0 0 70 15 106 6 72 96 711 Haiti 0.2 3.2 0 164 164 15 14 37 126 941 Honduras 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 942 Hong Kong, China 11.9 9.6 0 575 471 407 290 130 241 1,795 Iceland 0 5.0 0 300 150 19 19 47 91 1,431 India 3.3 2.6 0 210 150 13 26 50 248 1,162 Indonesia 3.6 400 22 107 838 Iran, Islamic Republic of 2.8 9.5 0 560 247 122 304 91 170 1,277 Israel 0 1.5 0 100 100 7 11 16 98 1,221 Jamaica 6.3 5.6 0 753 641 353 316 260 264 1,707 Japan 3.4 3.4 22.2 200 200 22 24 132 171 851 Jordan 1.9 332 114 101 2,365 Kazakhstan 0 2.4 0 100 100 1 8 0 69 704 Kenya 7.0 7.5 0 887 887 181 92 217 255 1,586 Korea, Republic of 0 1.4 0 100 100 1 4 0 234 1,122 Kuwait 0.3 0.6 0 179 170 37 18 79 75 2,467 Kyrgyz Republic 0 40 6 69 1,216 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0 6.8 0 200 129 2 111 8 137 919 Lesotho 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 895 Macao, China 0 0 0 30 20 1 4 0 48 894 Madagascar 0 0 0 125 25 6 5 15 54 730 Malawi 9.3 4.6 0 > 1000 > 1000 324 69 265 400 1,234 Malaysia 6.7 0.2 0 300 97 2 8 141 42 1,188 Maldives 0 0 0 75 20 6 3 12 46 786 Mali 0 0 75 7 44 Mauritania 0 7.0 0 122 30 3 6 11 279 765 Mauritius 4.4 5.4 0 254 254 107 80 86 180 1,198 Mexico 2.2 0.9 0 83 83 77 67 72 71 2,122 Moldova 0.3 0.2 0 75 25 11 5 26 29 675 Mongolia 5.4 62 72 83 2,041 Montenegro 8.4 3.6 0 289 304 40 40 96 101 2,487 Morocco 0 0 0 100 20 1 4 0 61 748 Mozambique 3.4 3.2 0 550 40 24 12 92 98 1,216 Myanmar 2.5 6.8 0 597 129 52 111 132 137 919 Namibia 0.9 2.3 0 200 154 12 32 53 112 687 Nepal 10.1 29.0 0 55 5 65 4 112 133 1,000 New Zealand 0.6 4.7 0 200 164 6 12 33 125 943 Nicaragua 0 0 0 200 20 7 3 76 46 784 Niger 0 0 0 150 35 1 5 0 53 795 Nigeria 7.4 10.6 0 > 1000 > 1000 775 691 124 184 1,351 Norway 7.1 8.0 0 200 197 11 12 155 245 1,122 Oman 0 2.4 0 200 100 13 48 22 97 804 Pakistan 3.8 > 1000 26 579 710 Palau 1.5 4.1 0 260 260 30 25 71 154 1,404 Panama 1.5 2.6 0 289 196 52 25 66 173 819 Papua New Guinea 0 0 0 35 30 6 15 20 54 944 Paraguay 0 0 0 68 17 2 3 21 80 910 Peru 0 9.8 0 80 65 22 14 35 114 1,186 Philippines 5.4 3.8 0 200 200 10 10 162 272 1,122 Qatar 2.9 357 92 114 2,490 Russian Federation 0 0 0 100 30 8 3 27 71 792 Rwanda 0 13.5 0 250 192 17 27 28 105 1,025 Saint Kitts and Nevis SUMMARY TABLES WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 11

Tables Year of Simple average Duty-free Non ad valorem duties Duties > 15 % MFN MFN MFN MFN MFN Country/Territory applied Bound Bound Bound Bound applied applied applied applied tariff Share of HS 6 digit subheadings in per cent 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Saint Lucia 114.6 0 0 100.0 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 114.6 0 0 100.0 Saudi Arabia 2009 15.9 5.9 0.1 21.2 8.7 8.1 5.0 1.4 Senegal 2009 29.8 14.5 0 0 0 0 99.0 58.5 Serbia 2009 14.2 3.3 0.1 44.8 Sierra Leone 40.4 0 0 100.0 Singapore 2009 27.3 0.2 3.9 99.8 3.6 0.2 3.6 0.2 Solomon Islands 2008 73.5 14.6 0 0 3.3 3.3 86.3 5.6 South Africa 2009 39.5 8.9 22.1 45.5 0 14.3 72.2 23.7 Sri Lanka 2009 50.1 24.8 0 4.9 2.5 6.6 99.6 68.8 Sudan 2009 31.7 7.9 1.4 82.4 Suriname 19.8 0.3 0 99.3 Swaziland 2009 39.5 9.0 22.1 45.5 0 14.3 72.2 24.3 Switzerland 2009 48.0 36.9 22.8 28.4 75.6 71.6 41.0 30.5 Syrian Arab Republic 2009 22.6 0 0.3 46.9 Chinese Taipei 2009 17.4 16.6 26.2 25.2 6.6 6.8 36.2 36.6 Tajikistan 2009 11.1 1.1 3.7 2.9 Tanzania 2009 120.0 19.9 0 16.0 0 1.1 100.0 68.0 Thailand 2009 40.6 22.6 2.0 5.4 44.2 31.0 91.3 59.0 Togo 2009 80.0 14.5 0 0 0 0 100.0 58.5 Tonga 2009 19.2 11.7 0 27.3 0 0 83.1 15.1 Trinidad and Tobago 2008 90.0 18.1 5.5 41.8 0 2.3 89.6 46.0 Tunisia 2008 116.1 40.9 0 7.1 0 0 100.0 82.4 Turkey 2008 60.8 42.9 0.0 16.4 0 1.5 87.0 62.5 Uganda 2009 77.6 19.8 0 16.0 0 1.1 100.0 68.0 Ukraine 2009 11.0 9.7 12.5 19.6 1.0 2.4 26.6 20.2 United Arab Emirates 2009 25.2 6.8 0 21.2 0 2.7 5.5 3.6 United States 2009 5.2 4.7 32.9 30.5 40.0 40.6 5.8 5.4 Uruguay 2009 33.9 10.1 0 7.9 0 0 96.3 15.4 Uzbekistan 2009 19.2 0 11.5 45.4 Vanuatu 2009 29.4 21.6 11.3 50.7 Viet Nam 2009 18.5 18.9 8.8 13.5 0 0.2 45.1 48.7 Yemen 2009 10.5 0.9 8.1 18.4 Zambia 2009 123.4 19.1 0 2.5 0 0.3 100.0 60.4 Zimbabwe 2008 140.1 25.3 1.2 2.7 2.4 4.4 95.8 58.3 12 WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 SUMMARY TABLES

Tables Country/Territory Year of Simple average Duty-free Non ad valorem duties Duties > 15 % Binding MFN coverage MFN MFN MFN MFN applied Bound Bound Bound Bound applied applied applied applied tariff Share of HS 6 digit subheadings in per cent 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Afghanistan 2008 5.5 0.4 0.1 2.3 Albania 2009 100 6.6 4.5 31.5 43.9 0 0 15.8 0 Algeria 2009 17.8 1.6 0 36.4 Angola 2009 100 60.1 6.9 0. 0 0 100.0 10.3 Antigua and Barbuda 2009 97.5 51.5 9.0 0 7.6 0 0 97.5 22.1 Argentina 2009 100 31.8 13.0 0 14.2 0 0 98.2 39.2 Armenia 2008 100 7.6 2.2 41.6 77.5 0 0 0 0 Australia 2009 96.7 11.0 3.8 19.2 44.9 0.1 0.0 15.2 4.7 Azerbaijan 2009 8.2 1.9 0.4 0.1 Bahamas 2009 37.7 7.5 0.3 87.2 Bahrain 2009 69.3 33.5 4.7 3.2 6.8 0 0.3 66.1 0 Bangladesh 2008 2.6 34.4 14.3 0.0 2.8 0 0.4 2.3 37.3 Barbados 97.5 73.0 0 0 97.5 Belarus 2009 10.4 9.3 9.9 18.1 Belize 2009 97.6 51.5 9.3 0 9.1 0 0.0 97.6 21.4 Benin 2009 29.7 11.4 11.5 0.7 1.9 0 0 5.4 37.2 Bermuda 2009 18.8 3.2 0.1 74.7 Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela 2009 100 33.6 12.1 0 0.7 0 0 99.0 26.1 Bolivia 2009 100 40.0 10.0 0 7.4 0 0 100.0 18.9 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2009 5.9 29.9 0.1 0.0 Botswana 2009 95.8 15.8 7.5 13.4 63.4 0 0.4 35.0 20.3 Brazil 2009 100 30.7 14.1 0.7 5.2 0 0 96.5 39.0 Brunei Darussalam 2008 95.0 24.5 2.9 0 78.4 0 0.1 95.0 10.7 Burkina Faso 2009 29.5 13.2 11.5 0.7 1.9 0 0 5.3 37.2 Burundi 2008 10.1 26.6 13.1 0.4 0.1 0 0.4 7.2 20.3 Cambodia 2008 100 17.7 13.6 1.1 5.6 0 0 40.3 16.7 Cameroon 2009 0.1 57.5 17.1 0 2.6 0 0 0.1 44.1 Canada 2009 99.7 5.3 3.5 36.0 59.2 0.3 0.1 7.1 6.7 Cape Verde 2009 100.0 15.2 10.2 5.5 45.6 0 0 41.4 30.4 Central African Republic 2009 56.3 37.9 17.2 0 0.7 0 0.4 56.3 43.9 Chad 2009 0.3 75.4 17.2 0 0.7 0 0 0.3 44.0 Chile 2009 100 25.0 6.0 0.0 0.3 0 0 100.0 0 China 2009 100 9.2 8.7 6.5 7.8 0 0.5 13.4 11.6 Colombia 2009 100 35.4 11.8 0 2.5 0 0 100.0 25.7 Comoros 2008 12.2 11.6 0.1 0.1 Congo 3.3 14.8 0 0 1.0 Costa Rica 2009 100 42.9 4.5 2.8 55.7 0 0 96.5 0 Côte d'ivoire 2009 22.7 8.6 11.5 0.7 1.9 0 0 2.8 37.2 Croatia 2009 100 5.5 4.0 28.8 52.4 0 0 0.3 0.3 Cuba 2009 20.4 9.4 10.7 1.7 5.5 0 0 2.0 8.4 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2009 100 95.9 11.9 0. 0 0.3 98.8 34.8 Djibouti 2009 100 40.0 21.9 0.0 0.0 0 0 99.6 76.2 Dominica 93.9 50.0 0 0 93.9 Dominican Republic 2008 100 33.2 6.2 2.8 59.5 0 0 87.9 23.7 Ecuador 2009 100.0 21.2 10.1 0 48.0 0 0 69.4 28.9 Egypt 2009 99.3 27.7 9.2 2.8 7.1 0 0 71.7 18.2 El Salvador 2009 100 35.7 4.9 3.1 54.7 0 0 96.9 0.7 Ethiopia 2009 16.6 4.8 0 47.8 European Union 2009 100 3.9 4.0 28.4 26.2 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.1 Fiji 2009 43.9 40.0 10.2 0 3.3 0.0 1.6 43.9 15.0 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 2009 100 6.3 6.4 38.6 41.2 0.1 0.1 8.7 8.5 Gabon 2009 100 15.5 17.1 0 2.6 0 0 1.2 44.0 Gambia 2009 0.6 57.6 18.9 0 0.9 0 0.1 0.6 90.4 Georgia 2009 100.0 6.5 0.3 24.6 97.3 0.0 0 0.3 0 Ghana 2009 1.3 36.1 12.3 0 13.3 0 0.3 1.3 37.9 Grenada 2008 100 50.0 9.2 0 3.9 0 0.2 100.0 21.7 14 WORLD TARIFF PROFILES 2010 SUMMARY TABLES