Content Statement 9/Learning Goal Analyze the social, political and economic effects of industrialization on Western Europe and the world. Easy terms: How did Industrialization impact society, government, and the economy?
Michael Faraday Invention: Connection between magnetism and electricity Led to dynamo, a machine that generated electricity by moving a magnet through a coil of copper wire. Used to power an electric motor. Led to the development of electric generators.
Dynamo
Thomas Edison Invention: First usable and practical light bulb 1879 Developed through great deal of trial and error. Also built generators, motors, light sockets. He played a major role in the development of city electrical utility systems. Made lives of many easier with inventions.
Edison Light Bulb
Henry Bessmer Invention: *Bessmer Process* Definition: the forcing of air through molten metal to burnout carbon and other impurities that make metal brittle. Factories now increased production of locomotives and railroad tracks. Build stronger train tracks and bridges. Trains could cross any type of terrain. By 1860 30,000 miles of track in U.S.
Gottlieb Daimler and Carl Benz Invention: Practical Automobiles Daimler : internal combustion engine on horse carriage. Carburetor, which mixed fuel with air for proper combustion. Benz: 1885 created three wheeled car
Daimler Benz
Henry Ford Invention: Model T; Assembly Line I will build a car for the great multitude Mass production. By 1920 Model T represented up to 50% of U.S. automobile production. Assembly Line. 10 th Grade Book: These ideas formed the first large-scale moving assembly line, a production system in which the item being built moves along a conveyor belt to workstations that usually require simple skills. 84 different jobs on assembly line. The man who puts on a bolt does not put on a nut By the 1920s Ford made a car every minute, dropping prices so that by 1929 there were about 22 million cars in America. Ford raised his workers wages ($5 a day, much higher than other industries) so they could also buy cars, but he opposed unions, and assembly lines were very boring. Could be dangerous and workers were easily replaceable. Ford workers are not really alive, they are half dead
Wilbur and Orville Wright Invention: First flight of powered airplane December 17, 1903 in Kitty Hawk, N.C. Took 4 years to develop. Used aerodynamics with specially shaped wings. Powered with internal combustion engine. 1 st flight only 120 feet.
Samuel Morse Invention: Telegraph A machine that sent messages instantly over wires. Morse code. Increased communication. 1866 telegraph cable across Atlantic floor to enable communication between U.S. and Britain. Globalized communication.
Alexander Graham Bell Invention: Telephone Bell was a teacher for hearing impaired. Made discovery through this job. By 1900 1.5 million phone lines were installed in American homes and offices.
Guglielmo Marconi Invention: Radio Wireless. First used as a communication method for ships. Later great emphasis on entertainment. Entertainment options increased after Edison created the phonograph, which later became the record player.
First Radio First Radio Transmitter
Charles Darwin Invention: On the Origin of Species; Darwinism, Social Darwinism Natural selection. Creatures that are well adapted to their environments have a better chance of surviving to produce offspring; offspring will inherit these superior traits, overtime, species will evolve to increase probability of survival. Theory of Evolution SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST! Social Darwinism
Marie and Pierre Curie Invention: Radioactivity certain elements release energy when they break down. Rutherford realized core of atom is a nucleus based on work of Curies. Both Curies die from exposure to radiation. Beginning of nuclear energy.
Albert Einstein Invention: Theory of relativity E=mc2. Means that a small amount of mass can be converted into a huge amount of energy. Disproved Newton s theory about how universe works.
Louis Pasteur Invention: 1870 pasteurization: Vaccination for anthrax and rabies. Disproved spontaneous generation- the idea that bacteria and flies could spring out of non living matter. Chicken broth in straight neck flask and curved neck flask Define: heating liquids and foods to high temperatures to kill bacteria that cause disease.
Ivan Pavlov Invention: In the field of Psychology Dogs and conditioned response
Sigmund Freud Invention: In field of Psychology Unconscious part of the mind contains thoughts of which one is unaware. Used hypnosis to find subconscious thoughts. Patients encouraged to discuss their dreams. Psychoanalysis.