Access to Modern Energy Services Mozambique Equipment of Social Infrastructure with Photovoltaic Systems By Peter Adelmann and Carsten Hellpap
Status of Infrastructural Objects Rural Hospitals in Mozambique have generally no electricity Energy service are based on Paraffin (light) Gas (refrigeration) Wood fire (sterilisation) Manual Power (water pumping)
Status of Infrastructural Objects Light: Paraffin lamps provide about 20-40lm In best cases women give birth to babies under light of paraffin lamps
Status of Infrastructural Objects Refrigeration: Gas refrigeration is used to keep vaccines cool. Gas supply is badly organized. One bottle last for 2 weeks
Status of Infrastructural Objects Water pumping: Hand pumps are common Water supply doesn t seems to be a problem
Status of Infrastructural Objects Sterilisation: Sterilisation is done with firewood based stoves No major problems are reported
Status of Infrastructural Objects Grid connected health centers often face power cut problems On average every second week with an outage period of 1-7 days.
Status of Infrastructural Objects Rural schools generally have no access to electricity to provide: Light for evening classes Light for security Electricity for teachers home & dormitories Or to run computers for teaching & administration
Status of Infrastructural Objects Few rural schools have solar electricity. Status: System quite good lamps often fail after 3 month and destroy whole performance System cost 10K$
Status of SHS Status: Very poor module No charge controller AC-load over inverter Bad connectors & installation Bad load
Status SHS Problem analysis: Poor know how on installer & user side People spend more money as necessary for poor energy service
Suggestion: Solar System for Health Centers & Schools Recommende System properties: High Quality, long lasting & energy saving load small & inexpensive
Suggestion: Solar System for Health Centers Refrigerator High performance (Danfoss compressor) Very low energy demand (very long life span) Consumption 120-180Wh/d
Suggestion: Solar System for Health Centers Light High performance CFL Low energy demand (life span 10.000h) About 50-70lm/W High perfrmance LED Very low energy demnad (lifespan >20.000h) About 80-150lm/W
Suggestion: Solar System for Health Centers Disinfection No time pressure since current solution is working Future possibilities: Gas stove Solar cooker
Suggestion: Solar System for Health Centers Water pumping No time pressure since current solution is working Future possibilities: Solar pump
Suggestion: Solar System for Health Centers (DC system) System sizing & cost for hardware Load Location pc. Power [W] Service Usage [h] Engery [wh/d] Light All rooms 4 5 250lm 6 120 Light Birth Place/ Treatment 2 15 900lm 3 90 Cellphone 1 2 1 2 Refrigerator 1 60 3 C 3 180 Sum 392 Material Cost Ah/day 32,67 Module [Wp] 200 800 Battery [Ah] 233,33 466,67 Regulator [A] 40 90 Lamps [pc] 8 80 Refrigerator 1 700 Others 500 Installation 500 Total cost[$] 3136,67
Suggestion: Solar System for Health Centers Risk: Private misuse of system (Drinks in refrigerator, charging of private phones etc.) Possible solution: Use of excess energy will be allowed (battery is kept full to generate excess energy)
Suggestion: Solar System for Schools Demand: Light (similar to hospital) Security light (LED) Computer & Internet
Suggestion: Solar System for Schools Computer & Internet: In Mozambique it is possible to get relative fast and inexpensive internet over GPRS
Suggestion: Solar System for Schools System sizing & cost for hardware Light Load Location pc. Power [W] Service Usage [h] Engery [wh/d] Light CFL Classroom 2 15 900lm 4 120 Light CFL Classroom 4 11 700lm 4 176 Outdoor LED 1 1 40lm 12 12 Sum 308 Material Cost Ah/day 25,67 Module [Wp] 170 680 Battery [Ah] 183,33 366,67 Regulator [A] 20 60 Lamps [pc] 6 60 Others 400 Installation 500 Total cost[$] 2066,67
Suggestion: Solar System for Schools System sizing & cost for hardware Administration Load Location pc. Power [W] Service Usage [h] Engery [wh/d] Light CFL Secretary&Director 2 7 350lm 4 56 Computer Asus Secretary&Director 1 10 N270 MC 6 60 Outdoor LED 1 1 40lm 12 12 Material Cost Module [Wp] 70 280 Battery [Ah] 76,19 152,38 Regulator [A] 10 50 Lamps [pc] 2 20 Computer 1 400 Others 300 Installation 300 Total cost[$] 1502,38 Sum 128 Ah/day 10,67
Suggestion: Solar System for Schools System sizing & cost for hardware DC-Computer & DC-Projector Load Location pc. Power [W] Service Usage [h] Engery [wh/d] Projector Acer Classroom 1 40 150 ANSI Lumen 4 160 Computer Asus Classroom 2 10 N270 MC 6 120 Material Cost Module [Wp] 170 680 Battery [Ah] 166,67 333,33 Regulator [A] 10 50 Lamps [pc] 2 20 Computer 2 800 Projector 1 600 Others 300 Installation 300 Total cost[$] 3083,33 Sum 280 Ah/day 23,33
Suggestion: Solar Home System Possible purchase hardware cost: Load Location pc. Power [W] Service Usage [h] Engery [wh/d] Light LED Inside 1 2 150lm 3 6 Light LED Outside 1 1 40lm 4 4 Cellphone 1 1 1 1 Radio 1 0,3 3 0,9 Material Cost Module [Wp] 6 18 Battery [Ah] 7,08 7,08 Regulator [A] 5 5 Lamps [pc] 2 4 Radio 1 3 Others 0 Installation 0 Total cost[$] 37,08 Sum 11,9 Ah/day 0,99
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