Sulzer Chemtech Process Technology and Equipment for Oil Refineries and Crude Oil Production 0696 2523
Excellence in Refining Technology Sulzer Chemtech is the process engineering division of the international Sulzer Corporation with headquarters in Winterthur, Switzerland. Activities include equipment and (application) know-how in separation and mixing technology. Products include structured packing and trays for separation columns, fractional crystallisation systems, equipment for mixing and reaction processes and catalyst supports. 0691 2520-1 Leading in research and development With proven design procedures and innovative engineering solutions, Sulzer Chemtech can meet the refinery s objectives. Sulzer Chemtech has the personnel, experience and engineering capability to model and analyse mass and heat transfer problems in distillation, absorption, extraction, mixing and reaction and fractional crystallisation. Apart from pilot tests, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for optimising and fine tuning of the geometry are used for the development of new products. Pilot plant Customer-specific applications can be tested in our pilot plant. Resulting data can be used for a reliable design of the production plant. To achieve the design criteria for distillation applications on moving barges and platforms, pilot tests with a swinging laboratory column were done to simulate offshore conditions. Components, engineering and systems For more than 30 years Sulzer Chemtech has provided innovative mass transfer technology to the oil, gas and petrochemical industry. A wide variety of separation and mixing methods and process equipment allows us to design optimal systems. Process simulation Feasibility studies Basic design Detailed engineering Hardware Installation Commissioning Start up assistance for Crude oil distillation FCC vacuum towers and gas plants Lube oil distillation Liquid-liquid extraction Coking and visbreaking 1-Butene separation plants Fractional crystallisation etc. Numeric simulation of the cross-sectional concentration distribution in the SMI mixer. 0696 2707 2
Crude Oil Production Feed L/V Separation Water Removal Partial Evaporation Tempered Water or Hot Oil Lights + LPG Sea or Cooling Water Distillation Sulzer Chemtech has experience in designing column internals for moving platforms. The design is based upon the successful combination of laboratory tests with a moving column and industrial applications. Produced Water Sulzer Chemtech stabiliser system basic process steps. Stabilised Condensate Industrial applications includes: Separators (oil, gas, water) Gas drying Gas sweetening Multi cyclone separators Crude oil stabiliser Sea water deaeration 0694 2502 Sulzer Chemtech can provide following services: Feasibility studies Process design and basic engineering packages Special liquid distributor for moving columns 0682 2075 Moving pilot column Hardware supply, i. e. Mellapak and internals 3
Crude Distillation Unit Atmospheric Tower Pollution Regulations Better fractionation between LGO and HGO will increase the LGO (city diesel) yield and improve the quality. Increased HGO yield Better fractionation and less entrainment, with Mellapak in the wash section, will increase the HGO yield. This will also relieve the vacuum tower. Crude Steam LGO HGO Long residue Increased Capacity Debottlenecking a pump around section often results in 20% or more capacity. Structured packing normally does not require more space to achieve the required heat transfer. Tankfarm Separater Desulphuriser Sweet gas Amine Contactor H 2 S Stripper Example A revamped wash section with an investment of about US$ 0.5 Mio. for hardware and installation work will result in a pay back time of approx. 4 months. Desalter Salt water Atmospheric tower LPG Naphta Gasoline Reformer Vacuum tower Off gas Gasoline Stabiliser Reformate Kersosene LVGO Static Mixer Tankfarm Crude sampling homogeniser Crude blender Preflash Tower Steam Light gas oil Heavy gas oil HVGO Slop wax Air blow Desalter Produce the water dispersion for crude desalting. No moving parts. Danger of leakage and maintenance are eliminated. Long residue Overhead Lines Remove salts from gases in overhead lines. Preventing salt deposits in piping, cooler or column top section. Lube Tower Gas oil Aromatic Extraction Solvent Raffinate Spindle oil Distillates SAE 10 SAE 30 Solvent + aromatics Short residue 4
Crude Distillation Unit Vacuum Tower for Cracker Feed Preparation Diesel LVGO Additional Diesel Side Cut An additional fractionation section between LVGO and HVGO will recover diesel from the LVGO. Primary Absorber Secondary Absorber Fuel gas Deethaniser Wash Section In deepcut operation flash zone temperatures greater than 400 C are required. The preferred solution for this mode operation is a combined bed with Mellapak in the upper and Mellagrid in the lower part. This together with the Sulzer patented VEP gravity distributor has been used in more than 30 wash sections. Wash water Main fractionator Stripper Rich oil Lean oil Depropaniser Acid gas removal C4 Debutaniser Light naphtha Propylene C3-Splitter Propane Flash Zone A special vane feed inlet device improves the phase separation of the liquid from the gas. This means less entrainment into the wash section. r Fractionator bottoms Light cycle oil Heavy cycle oil Naphtha Splitter Heavy naphtha Gas Visbreaker Fractionator Naphtha Kerosene Diesel Gas oil Vane feed inlet device Coke drum Fuel oil 5
Lube Oil Plant Today the lube oil market is challenged by new product requirements. The refinery must cope with the new situation. This has a direct influence on the lube oil tower and the aromatic extraction of lube cuts. Sulzer Chemtech has a large experience with more than 50 reference columns world-wide. Lube tower Gas oil Aromatic extraction Raffinate Solvent Spindle oil SAE 10 Aromatic Extraction Distillates SAE 30 Sulzer Chemtech can offer a reliable technology for the extraction of aromatics from lube oils. Solvent + aromatics We have experience with Furfurol, Phenol and NMP as solvents. Extraction columns equipped with the Sulzer extraction packing SMVP offers: Increased capacity for debottlenecking of existing columns. Moderate contacting of the phases for reduced entrainment. High flexibility. No moving parts and therefore low maintenance costs. Lube Oil Tower Advantages of Mellapak Low pressure drop Good separation efficiency High flexibility Selected packing types Compact internals Benefits for the customer Increased capacity High distillate yields Improved distillate quality Additional new lube cuts 6
Coking and Thermal Cracking Processes The bottom of the barrel has become more important to refineries because heavier crudes are being processed and the market for vacuum residues is decreasing. Sulzer Chemtech can offer solutions that increase plant capacity, reduce the risk of fouling and extend the run time. Our products are successfully installed in: Delayed Coker Fractionators Flexicoker Fractionators Comparison of tray and Mellapak column for H 2S removal (to scale). Visbreaker Fractionators Vapour quench cooler with static mixers 0696 2521 Special Liquid Distributor Plugging resistant and with a high turn down ratio. Mellagrid Sulzer Mellagrid was specifically developed to combine the efficiency of Mellapak with the mechanical resistance of grid. Advantages are: Not sensitive to coking or fouling due to its geometrical structure and smooth surface. Much better demisting and separation efficiency than traditional grid. The structure and element height allow for easy cleaning. It can be removed, unscrewed and cleaned with water jet. 0694 2507-1 Mechanically robust structure. 7
FCC Unit FCC Main Fractionator The advantages using structured packing in the FCC Main Fractionator are: Reduced pressure drop (typically from approx. 350 mbar to about 60 mbar). Increased capacity. Improved separation between side products. Slurry Section The use of Sulzer Mellagrid together with a slurry distributor increases column throughput and heat transfer performance while reducing risk of fouling. Due to the geometrical structure of Mellagrid entrainment of catalyst particles is reduced. Amine Contactor H 2 S um tower Stripper Off gas Gasoline Stabiliser Reformate LVGO HVGO Slop wax Air blower Wash water Main fractionator Stripper Rich oil Primary Absorber Secondary Absorber Lean oil Fractionator bottoms Light cycle oil Heavy cycle oil De an Acid gas removal D Installation of structured packing. 0601 2505-4 8
FCC Unit Fuel gas Complete Systems propser Deethaniser Propylene Propylene Plant Sulzer Chemtech can offer the process and basic engineering, tower internals, reboilers and the turbocompressor for a grass root propylene plant with vapour recompression. Example C4 ebutaniser Light naphtha Naphtha Splitter Heavy naphtha C3-Splitter Propane Fractionation Trays Over the last 40 years the product knowledge has developed to a leading mass transfer technology with a wide application area. The High Performance Trays are based on the unique V-Grid technology and innovative downcomer design. Example Deethanisers Depropanisers C 2 - and C 3 -Splitters Debutanisers Deisobutanisers Dehexanisers Xylene Splitters 0696 2516-1 Production of 125,000 tons per year polymer grade propylene. Use Sulzer Chemtech vapour recompression technology. Use high efficiency structured packing Mellapak to reduce tower dimensions and compressor power. 1-Butene Technology Sulzer Chemtech is able to supply a process for the separation of 1-butene. A number of variations are possible depending on the customer requirements. Years of experience and continuous development have resulted in the capability of supplying tailor made designs, assuring the most economic 1-butene production. Sulzer Chemtech s structured packing, heat coupling or heat pump systems have been proved in commercial service. 0603 2527 9
Desulphurization LPG Sweetening with Amines Sulzer Chemtech has experience with amine sweetening in both liquid-liquid and gas-liquid systems. Liquid-liquid Extraction Sweet LPG Amine Hydrodesulphurization Static mixers from Sulzer Chemtech are used to remove salts from the reactor effluent and fractionator over-head to avoid fouling of the coolers. Reactor effluent scrubber also clean the recycled hydrogen. Extraction packing SMVP in amine treating of LPG offers: Sulzer SMVP Extraction Packing Capacity increase of existing columns. High flexibility. Low amine entrainment. Low maintenance costs. Small investment for the revamp of existing columns. LPG + H 2S 0685 2050 Amine Contactors H 2S-rich Amine Sulzer Chemtech has extensive experience with the absorption of H 2 S and CO 2 with various amines. More than 100 columns are in operation world-wide. Furthermore selective absorption can be used in sour gas systems contaminated with CO 2. The advantages using Sulzer Chemtech column internals are: H 2 Feed Reactor Sulfur recovery High selectivity through short residence time. Small solvent quantities. Low regeneration costs. Low pressure drop. Low investment costs. H 2O Off (Tail) Gas Treating The use of Mellapak in the Quench and H 2 S absortion column results in a small pressure drop and therefore in important energy saving. 10
Alkylation Caustic Depropaniser Acid Wash Mixer Removes the alkyl-sulphates from the effluent stream for returning them to the reactor. Reactor Flash drum Spent caustic Deisobutaniser Caustic Wash Mixer Removes the acid traces from the reactor effluents to protect the separation columns and other down stream equipment from corrosion. Acid Spent Caustic acid Spent caustic 0646 2523 11
Innovative Components Only advanced process solutions together with high quality components can secure the competitive advantage of refineries in today s highly competitive environment. Mellapak Columns with structured packing Mellapak, pioneered by Sulzer, have following advantages: High performance High capacity Low pressure drop High flexibility MellapakPlus The invention of Sulzer gauze packing resulted in a decisive breakthrough in mass transfer equipment. A further milestone was the development of the Sulzer Mellapak. Mellapak opened up new and unforeseen perspectives in all areas of thermal mass transfer. The new MellapakPlus is the latest development and offers the lowest pressure drop of all structured packings available on the market. 0699 2522-4 Mellagrid Mellagrid can be used in every area, where the mechanical strength of Mellapak could cause some concern or where plugging or coking are likely to occur. 0694 2505 Column internals The great success of our products has only been possible in conjunction with the continuing development of distributors and other internals. 0690 2532-1 12
Innovative Components Fractionation Trays A full range of fractionation trays especially suited for refinery applications. Optimised for fast installation and easy maintenance. Static mixers Advanced static mixing and reaction technology is suitable to many refining process units. Blending liquids or gases. Dispersing liquids or contacting gases to equilibrium conditions. Washing or scrubbing hydrocarbons. 0694 2721 Vaporise liquids or condense gases. Shell Mass Transfer Technology The complete Shell Mass Transfer Technology Package, previously used only by Shell companies, is now available from Sulzer Chemtech under the terms of the alliance between Shell Global Solutions BV and Sulzer Chemtech Ltd. The technology covers high performance trays, associated internals and phase separation equipment. The technology has been the Shell standard for years and it is backed by an abundance of operational and design experience. Sulzer Chemtech now offers these dependable high performance trays and separators to their customers. 0604 2507-11 0604 2507-1 13
Industrial Applications from A to Z Mixers, Packings, Process design, Trays and Installation Service for many applications. Alkylation static mixer for product neutralisation Amine Contactor Aromatic extraction from Lube Oil Atmospheric Crude Oil Tower more than 80 columns world-wide with Mellapak Benzene Tower Bitumen tower 1-Butene Distillation and heat pump technology Coker Fractionator Crude sampling mixer C3-Splitter C4-Splitter C5-Splitter Debutaniser Deethaniser Dehexaniser Demethaniser Depropaniser Deepcut Vacuum Tower Mellagrid, Mellapak and VEP distributor Desalting Water-oil Mixer Ethylene Water Quench FCC Main Fractionator Mellagrid in slurry section Gasoline blending mixer Naphtha Splitter Off-gas treating Olefin separation Para Xylene Heat pump crystallisation Preflash Tower Primary Absorber Quench Tower Reformer Feed Gas Mixer Secondary Absorber Solvent Stripper Sour Water Stripper Stabiliser Toluene Tower H 2 S extraction from LPG Kerosene Stripper LNG-Stabiliser Lube Oil Tower Low pressure drop, high separation efficiency with Mellapak Vacuum Tower for Cracker Feed over 150 columns with Mellapak world-wide Visbreaker Fractionator Application for Mellagrid and Mellapak Xylene Splitter 0696 2520 14
Services to Customers Worldwide Sales and Manufacturing Sulzer Chemtech has together with the Sulzer Corporation world-wide presence with offices in most countries. Furthermore Sulzer Chemtech has its own production facilities in Switzerland, the USA, India, China, Singapore and Mexico. Field Service Sulzer Chemtech has the project management and technical skills to assure successful installations for new columns and revamps in refineries, gas processing and petrochemical plants. Abilities range from site supervision to complete installation. Emergency Services In the event of a break down or other plant upsets, Sulzer Chemtech can supply packing, column internals and trays at short notice. 0692 2512-5 15
Headquarters Sulzer Chemtech Ltd P.O. Box 65 CH-8404 Winterthur, Switzerland Phone +41 52 262 50 28 Fax +41 52 262 01 82 chemtech@sulzer.com www.sulzerchemtech.com North and South America Sulzer Chemtech USA, Inc. 8505 E. North Belt Drive USA-Humble, TX 77396, USA Phone +1 281 441 5800 Fax +1 281 291 0207 Asia, Pacific Sulzer Chemtech Pte. Ltd. 10 Benoi Sector Singapore 629845 Phone +65 6515 5500 Fax +65 6862 7563 Sulzer Chemtech Ltd, a member of the Sulzer Corporation, with headquarters in Winterthur, Switzerland, is active in the field of process engineering and employs some 2500 persons worldwide. Sulzer Chemtech is represented in all important industrial countries and sets standards in the field of mass transfer and static mixing with its advanced and economical solutions. The activity program comprises: Process components such as fractionation trays, structured and random packings, liquid and gas distributors, gas-liquid separators, and internals for separation columns Engineering services for separation and reaction technology such as conceptual process design, feasibilities studies, plant optimizations including process validation in the test center Recovery of virtually any solvents used by the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, or difficult separations requiring the combination of special techniques, such as thin film/short-path evaporation, distillation under high vacuum, liquid-liquid extraction, membrane technology or crystallization Complete separation process plants, in particular modular plants (skids) Tower field services performing tray and packing installation, tower and column maintenance, vessel welding, and plant turnaround projects Mixing and reaction technology with static mixers Cartridge-based metering, mixing and dispensing systems, and disposable mixers for reactive multi-component material Distributed by: 22.27.06.40 - II.10-30 - Printed in Switzerland