Grain: World Markets and Trade

Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service Circular Series FG 1-1 January 21 Grain: World Markets and Trade U.S. Wheat Exports Fall Despite Middle East Import Boom MMT 3 2 Import forecast, all sources 2 1 Exports to the Middle East 1 2 26 27 28 29p U.S. Competitor Middle East import demand has more than doubled in 28/9, accounting for 7 percent of the growth in world trade. Import demand has largely been a function of drought-reduced crops, particularly in Iran, Iraq, and Syria. In Iran alone, import demand grew over 9 million tons last year, from virtually zero in recent years. While crops have recovered somewhat this year, they were still below average. Saudi Arabia s decision to phase out 2-3 million tons of irrigated wheat production also results in expanding import demand. Despite expansion in world and Middle East imports, U.S. exports in are expected to be the lowest in nearly 3 years as U.S. exporters have struggled against competitors with relatively lower prices, and logistical and freight advantages to that region. Approved by the World Agricultural Outlook Board - USDA

TABLE OF CONTENTS World Markets and Trade: Commentary and Current Data Wheat... 4 Rice... 8 Coarse Grains... 13 Historical Data Series for Selected Regions and Countries... 32 Endnotes to Grain: World Markets and Trade... 1 The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) updates its production, supply and distribution database for cotton, oilseeds, and grains at 9 a.m. on the day the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report is released. It is available on the FAS website (http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/). This circular is released at 1: a.m. on the same day, together with its downloadable data set. Grain: World Markets and Trade, December 29 2

All Grain Summary Comparison Wheat Rice, Milled Corn Marketing Year 27/8 28/9 27/8 28/9 27/8 28/9 (Jun-May).8 68. 6.3 6.3 6. 7. 331.2 37.1 334.1 Other 4.6 614.7 61.8 427. 44.1 427.7 46.7 484. 462.4 61. 682.7 676.1 433.9 446.6 434.7 791.9 791.6 796.4 Domestic Consumption (Jun-May) 28.6 34.3 32.2 4.1 4.1 4.1 261.6 29.1 279.9 Other 84.6 99. 61.3 422. 429.2 429.6 9.2 1.3 24. 613.2 633.3 642.4 426.6 433.3 433.8 77.9 774.4 84. Ending Stocks (Jun-May) 8.3 17.9 26.6.9 1. 1.4 41.3 42. 44.8 Other 112.7 146.1 169.1 79. 91.4 89.3 88.4 13. 91.4 121.1 163.9 19.6 8. 92.4 9.7 129.6 146. 136.2 TY Imports (Jun-May) 3. 3. 3.1.7.7.7..3.3 Other 11. 13.9 118.1 27.6 2.6 27.4 99.4 8.4 82.1 113. 139.4 121.2 28.2 26.3 28.1 99.9 8.7 82.4 TY Exports (Jun-May) 34.3 27.3 22. 3.3 3.1 3.1 6.7 47.9 2. Other 82.1 11.2 11.2 26.4 2.7 27.7 37.6 3. 32.9 116.4 142. 123.7 29.6 28.8 3.8 98.2 83. 84.9 Note: Consumption in this table has not been adjusted for differences in marketing year imports and exports and therefore differs from global totals shown elsewhere. Marketing years for U.S. grains are: Wheat (Jun-May), Rice (Aug-Jul), Corn (Sep-Aug). 'Marketing Year' column is germane for U.S. wheat only.

WHEAT: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE PRICES: Domestic: Prices fell slightly for all classes of wheat in December. Technical market factors, rather than fundamentals, continue to influence prices and negatively affect the competitiveness of U.S. wheat exports. Hard Red Spring (HRS) dropped $12 to $2/ton, with price quotes unavailable for 2 weeks in October, Hard Red Winter (HRW) declined $8 to $219/ton, Soft Red Winter (SRW) dipped $3 to $213/ton, and White Wheat fell $6 to $196/ton. TRADE CHANGES IN 29/21 Selected Exporters: 1/2 1/9 U.S. Weekly FOB Export Bids 1/16 1/23 1/3 11/6 11/13 11/2 11/27 12/4 12/11 12/18 12/2 HRS HRW SRW SWW Argentina is doubled to 3. million tons based on the increased availability of government issued export licenses. 1/1 3 2 2 1 $/MT is reduced 1. million to 22. million tons, the lowest in almost 3 years, because of continued intense competition from all other major exporters. Selected Importers: Afghanistan is up, to 1.3 million tons on larger-than-expected flour imports from Kazakhstan. EU is down, to 6. million tons on lower import licenses and higher prices for imported feed-quality wheat. Egypt is up, to 8.8 million on the faster pace of imports, particularly from Russia. Iran is cut, to 4. million tons on the slow import pace. 4 Grain: World Markets and Trade, January 21

World Wheat, Flour, and Products Trade July/June Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Exports 3, 1, 8,98 1,228 12,168 8,216 Argentina 1, 1, 13,42 7,449 11,241 1,211 Australia 18, 18, 18,83 16,61 19,278 1,633 1, 1, 723 2,83 2,783 1,397 19, 19, 2,318 12,271 13,816 1,71 7, 7,,71 8,181 8,89 3,817 Kazakhstan 1,2 1,2 1,46 1,261 48 33 Mexico 18, 18, 18,393 12,2 1,84 1,14 Russia 2,3 2,3 2,342 1,763 2,2 3,28 Turkey 9, 9, 13,37 1,236 3,366 6,461 Ukraine 6,749 6,89 7,632 7,782 6,482,886 11,249 99,89 11,18 82,119 9, 86,77 22, 24, 27,29 34,328 2,41 27,22 123,749 123,89 142,48 116,447 11,96 113,829 TY Imports,3,3 6,39,94 4,874,476 Algeria 2,6 2,6 2,882 1, 1,731 2,34 Bangladesh 6, 6, 6,367 7,136 7,74,823 Brazil 8,8 8,3 9,9 7,7 7,3 7,771 Egypt 6, 7, 7,74 6,942,137 6,78,,,423,224,96 4,981 Indonesia 4,, 9,3 2 7 1,1 Iran 3,8 3,8 3,868 3,424 2,912 4,996 Iraq 2,1 2,1 2,6 1,186 1,48 1,663 Israel,3,3,16,71,747,469 Japan 3,7 3,7 3,371 3,92 3,439 3,884 Korea, South 1,6 1,6 1,677 1,67 994 1,722 Libya 3,1 3,3 3,341 3,136 3,61 3,49 Mexico 1,8 1,8 3,79 4,191 1,81 2,418 Morocco 3, 3, 3, 2,677 3,26 3,678 Nigeria 1, 1, 1,38 1,42 1,367 1,644 Peru 3, 3, 3,21 2,266 2,74 2,94 Philippines 1,6 1,6 1,4 48 91 77 Saudi Arabia 1, 1, 1, 1,333 88 1,242 South Africa 1, 1, 1,712 1,6 1,323 1,69 Sudan 1,8 1,8 1,7 2 2 231 Syria 1, 1, 1,772 2,372 1,433 1,263 Tunisia 2, 2, 3,77 2,192 1,778 64 Turkey 1,2 1,2 1, 1,498 1,76 1,691 Venezuela 2,3 2,3 2,786 1,861 2,42 2,187 Yemen 3,24 34,2 4,6 36,6 39,966 34,7 118,11 117,78 13,936 11,17 11,2 18,846 2,34 2,979 3,84 2,918 1,92 2,684 Unaccounted 3,1 3,1 3,46 3,12 3,394 2,299 123,749 123,89 142,48 116,447 11,96 113,829 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

World Wheat, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan 8, 8, 9, 18, 16,1 14,6 Argentina 22, 22, 2,939 13,69 1,822 2,173 Australia 26, 26, 28,611 2,4 2,26 2,748 114, 114, 112,464 19,298 18,466 97,44 7,9 7,9 7,883 8,27 8,274 8,184 Egypt 138,339 138,339 11,72 12,133 124,87 132,36 8,8 8,8 78,7 7,81 69,3 68,64 India 12, 12, 1, 1, 14, 14,38 Iran 17, 17, 12, 16,4 13,4 11,2 Kazakhstan 6,37 6,37 3,73 1,83 6,327 3,43 Morocco 24, 24, 21, 23,3 21,277 21,612 Pakistan 61,7 9, 63,7 49,4 44,9 47,7 Russia 17,8 17,8 16,8 1, 17, 18, Turkey 2, 2, 2,9 13,9 14, 18,7 Ukraine 6,2 6,2 6, 6,2,8,8 Uzbekistan 1,924 1,89 4,947 48,163 4,34 49,681 61,813 613,48 614,666 4,63 46,48 62,69 6,314 6,314 68,16,821 49,217 7,243 676,127 673,862 682,682 61,46 9,72 619,933 Total Consumption 8,7 8,7 8,4 8, 7,8 7,7 Algeria 7,1 7,1 6,8 6, 7,6 6, Australia 11,4 11,4 1,7 1,3 1,3 1,4 Brazil 7,3 7,3 8,27 6,787 8,986 8,242 12, 12, 12, 16, 12, 11, 17, 17, 16, 1,9 1,4 14,8 Egypt 127, 127, 127, 116,36 12, 127,2 76,12 76,12 7,77 76,422 73,371 69,98 India 16,2 16,2 1,9 1, 1,3 14,8 Iran 7, 7, 7,2 7, 7, 7,4 Kazakhstan 7,6 7,6 7, 7,4 7,1 6,8 Morocco 23,3 23,3 22,8 22,4 21,9 2,9 Pakistan 41,2 4,7 38,9 37,7 36,4 38,4 Russia 17,3 17,3 16,9 16,8 16,6 16,1 Turkey 12,1 12,1 11,9 12,3 11,7 12, Ukraine 128,236 127,996 126,16 118,36 119,966 122,1 612,299 613,83 6,16 88,367 84,643 91,379 32,168 32,876 34,291 28,614 3,94 31,32 644,467 646,76 639,87 616,981 61,83 622,699 Ending Stocks 7,66 7,66 6,6 4,46 6,86 9,698 6,78 6,8 48,68 38,963 38,4 34,387 4,983 4,483,343 4,12 4,12 4,6 Egypt 17,176 17,64 18,337 12,343 14,7 23,384 18,2 18, 13,1,8 4, 2, India 4,17 4,17 3,97 3,17 3,7 3,27 Iran 11,129 9,429 8,429 1,819 2,231 3,44 Russia 4,144 44,46 41,31 42,138 41,432 1,744 169, 166,424 146,77 112,746 11,18 131,93 26,4 24,48 17,867 8,323 12,414 1,4 19,64 19,99 163,944 121,69 127,94 147,47

Regional Wheat Imports,, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Imports North America 6,13 7,32 6,3 7,188 6,8 6,6 Central America 1,6 1,82 1,46 1,482 1, 1, South America 12,34 13,979 13,143 12,746 12,89 12,89 European Union 6,78,137 6,942 7,74 7, 6, Other Europe 1,47 1,48 1,923 1,69 1,67 1,67 Former Soviet Union - 12,487,98 6,21 6,44,, Middle East 13,447 12,143 11,726 28,296 21,7 21,3 North Africa 18,6 16,42 21,734 23,467 18, 19, Sub-Saharan Africa 13,174 11,73 1,31 13,243 13,11 13,34 East Asia 12,82 11,886 11,278 11,322 11,7 11,9 South Asia 4,812 1,944 8,27 1,713,1 6,1 Southeast Asia 11,923 12,437 11,4 12,328 12, 12, 2,64 2,636 2,777 2,637 2,84 2,84 Total 111,14 113,644 113,29 139,396 12,88 121,21 North America 86,11 77,722 79,468 1,627 91,114 91,114 South America 22,72 21,22 24,83 18,19 16,93 16,893 European Union 132,36 124,87 12,133 11,72 138,339 138,339 Other Europe 4,196 4,313 4,4 4,693 4,7 4,46 Former Soviet Union - 12 91,123 84,927 92,41 11,8 111,7 113,27 Middle East 42,97 41,78 39,912 32,196 36,82 36,82 North Africa 1,178 18,76 13,948 14,88 19,39 19,39 Sub-Saharan Africa,219,724,47 6,449 6,7 6,7 East Asia 98,62 19,669 11,9 113,76 11,711 11,711 South Asia 96,34 9,881 1,7 13,87 111,1 111,1 Oceania 2,466 11,99 13,846 21,216 22,777 22,777 11 141 16 161 181 181 Total 619,933 9,72 61,46 682,682 673,862 676,127 Domestic Consumption North America 4,662 46,126 4,91 48,318 46,26 4,618 South America 24,11 23,91 23,91 24,24 2,26 2,7 European Union 127,2 12, 116,36 127, 127, 127, Other Europe,917,49,6,44,82,83 Former Soviet Union - 12 7,41 72,627 7,2 76,7 78,8 79,3 Middle East,423 1,38,19 3,26 3,46 3,6 North Africa 33,847 34,2 36,42 37,32 38,32 38,32 Sub-Saharan Africa 17,782 16,72 1,814 18,77 19,76 19,11 East Asia 114,116 113,938 117,6 114,118 114,17 114,17 South Asia 1,31 1,16 19,487 14,4 11,8 11,8 Southeast Asia 11,1 11,693 1,99 12,111 12,34 12,34 Oceania 7,484 8,4 7,394 7,699 8,2 8,2 3,344 3,313 3,377 3,372 3,49 3,49 Total 617,117 618,63 613,169 633,273 642,392 642,424 Ending Stocks North America 2, 19,693 13,111 24,74 32,8 34,77 South America 4,72,132,81 3,289 2,78 3,477 European Union 23,384 14,7 12,343 18,337 17,64 17,176 Other Europe 1,333 1,67 1,37 1,442 1,414 1,237 Former Soviet Union - 12 13,338 9,263 1,69 18,1 2,84 22,4 Middle East 13,2 12,41 1,648 12,221 13,819 13,819 North Africa 9,233 9,749 9,127 9,6 8,98 9,48 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,48 1,731 1,63 2,7 1,833 2,8 East Asia 36,66 4,838 41,781 1,19 63,19 63,39 South Asia 6,28 7,7 8,487 16,323 21,688 21,68 Southeast Asia 2,21 2,6 2,49 2,432 2,347 2,347 Oceania 9,44 4,19 3,841 3,31 3,714 3,793 216 184 172 173 177 177 Total 147,47 127,94 121,69 163,944 19,99 19,64 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

RICE: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE Brazil s Changing Trade Dynamics 9 8 7 TMT 6 4 Trade Year Imports Trade Year Exports 3 2 1 Five-Year Average (2-24) Five-Year Average (2-29) The dramatic expansion in Brazilian exports during the second half of the last decade is changing trade dynamics in South America. During this ten-year period, Brazil showed its potential to be a major competitor in the Western Hemisphere. This shift is a function of expanding production, stabilizing consumption, and new export opportunities. Brazilian rice farmers have expanded supplies by applying better technology to improve yields. In addition, a growing middle class and higher purchasing power have stabilized domestic rice consumption and changed consumer preferences towards more meat products. These factors have resulted in more exportable supplies used to fill gaps left by India s export ban. In contrast, lower Brazilian import demand has made Argentina and Uruguay look for new export markets. Although its 21 crop is expected to be about 9 percent lower than last year due to excessive rainfall, Brazil has emerged as a potential competitor in the Americas. Grain: World Markets and Trade, January 21 8

PRICES: International: After climbing steadily for nearly 2 months, Thai 1B quotes began dropping in mid-december as the large Philippine tenders concluded. Down $3 over 3 weeks, quotes are now $94 per ton, FOB. Vietnamese quotes have also stabilized after their quick rise during the Philippine tenders. Domestic: At $ per ton, FOB, U.S. #2/4 long grain quotes are the same as last month despite a small increase in the interim caused by the international market situation. Large medium grain supplies are causing California s #1/4 quotes to continue their slide, dropping another $ per ton this month to $72, FOB. $/MT 6 6 4 4 3 7/21/9 Price Spike Ends after Philippines Completes Tenders 9/1/9 11/1/9 1//1 Thai 1B US #2/4 Viet % TRADE CHANGES Brazil s 21 exports are lowered by 18, tons to 3, because of a reduction in domestic supplies due to excessive rainfall during the planting season. Pakistan s 21 exports are boosted, tons to 3.8 million on larger, competitivelypriced exportable supplies and stronger demand in several importing countries. Vietnam s 29 exports are raised 1, tons to a record.9 million on year-end data. NEW SERIES Two new countries were added to the PSD database beginning with trade year 21. The complete datasets can be found at http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/psdhome.aspx. Uganda s imports range from 4, to 6, tons per year, while exports have risen steadily from near zero to 2, tons. Uganda imports largely from Pakistan, Vietnam, and Tanzania, and exports to several of its East African neighbors. Rwanda s imports range from, tons to 2, tons. Major trading partners are Uganda, Pakistan, and Tanzania. Grain: World Markets and Trade, January 21 9

World Rice Trade January/December Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Exports Argentina 487 436 48 6 Brazil 291 21 11 6 48 3 Burma 47 31 41 1, 1, 1, Cambodia 3 4 8 8 8 1,216 1,34 969 8 1, 1, Egypt 98 1,29 7 4 4 144 139 17 14 13 13 Guyana 2 21 21 2 22 22 India 4,37 6,31 3,383 2, 2, 2, Japan 2 2 2 2 2 2 Pakistan 3,79 2,696 3, 3, 3,3 3,8 Thailand 7,376 9,7 1,11 8,7 1, 1, Uruguay 812 734 634 8 7 7 Venezuela 6 8 8 8 8 8 Vietnam 4,7 4,22 4,649,9,, 83 749 367 49 33 38 2,838 28,8 26,37 2,749 27,3 27,66 3,37 3,29 3,273 3,1 3, 3,1 29,14 31,884 29,643 28,849 3,3 3,76 TY Imports Bangladesh 31 1,7 1,68 17 Brazil 691 684 417 7 7 333 341 36 34 34 34 64 472 29 33 3 3 Cote d'ivoire 7 98 8 8 8 8 Cuba 94 74 8 42 7 7 1,221 1,342 1,2 1,3 1,3 1,3 Ghana 44 34 3 3 3 3 Haiti 399 292 32 3 32 32 Hong Kong 39 348 399 32 3 3 Iran 1, 1, 1, 1,7 1,7 1,7 Iraq 1,36 613 97 1, 1,1 1,1 Japan 681 642 46 7 7 7 Malaysia 886 799 1,2 83 8 8 Mexico 86 69 78 6 6 Mozambique 33 41 3 3 3 3 Nigeria 1,6 1, 1,6 1,9 1,6 1,6 Philippines 1,791 1,9 2, 2, 2,6 2,6 Saudi Arabia 98 961 1,36 1,37 1,4 1,4 Senegal 6 7 86 7 7 7 Singapore 3 393 32 3 3 3 South Africa 8 96 66 6 8 8 Syria 214 23 2 3 31 31 Vietnam 3 4 3 Yemen 2 338 32 32 32 32 7,666 9,639 7,88 7,487 7,729 7,794 2,79 28,642 27,89 2,62 27,24 27,369 Unaccounted 2,722 2,47 1,43 2,87 2,361 2,661 633 69 61 7 73 73 29,14 31,884 29,643 28,849 3,3 3,76 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes. Note about dates: is calendar year 21, 28/9 is calendar year 29, and so on.

World Rice, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan Milled Bangladesh 28,78 29, 28,8 31, 3, 3, Brazil 7,874 7,69 8,199 8,91 8,16 7,82 Burma 1,44 1,6 1,73 1,1 1,73 1,73 Cambodia 3,771 3,946 4,238 4,2 4,63 4,63 126,414 127,2 13,224 134,33 137, 137, Egypt 4,13 4,383 4,38 4,387 4,374 4,374 India 91,79 93,3 96,69 99,1 83, 84, Indonesia 34,99 3,3 37, 38,3 37,6 37, Japan 8,27 7,786 7,93 8,29 7,62 7,62 Korea, South 4,768 4,68 4,48 4,843 4,91 4,91 Nigeria 2,7 2,9 3, 3,2 3,4 3,4 Pakistan,47,4,7 6,7 6, 6,2 Philippines 9,821 9,77 1,479 1,73 1,3 1,3 Thailand 18,2 18,2 19,3 19,6 2, 2, Vietnam 22,772 22,922 24,37 24,388 24,3 24,3 31,27 31,27 32,84 32,11 34,3 34,411 411,463 414,12 427,42 44,1 426,874 427,69 7,1 6,267 6,344 6,1 6,979 7,3 418,68 42,779 433,886 446,66 433,83 434,72 Consumption and Residual Bangladesh 29, 29,764 3,747 31, 31,4 31,4 Brazil 8,46 7,92 8,24 8,476 8,46 8,46 Burma 1,4 1,67 1,249 9, 9,7 9,7 Cambodia 3,71 3,646 3,788 3,77 3,88 3,88 128, 127,2 127,4 129, 133,3 133, Egypt 3,32 3,276 3,34 4, 4, 4, India 8,88 86,7 9,466 93,1 86,7 86,7 Indonesia 3,739 3,9 36,3 37,9 37,4 37,4 Iran 3,274 3, 3,7 3, 3,6 3,6 Japan 8,2 8,2 8,177 8,37 8,2 8,2 Korea, South 4,766 4,887 4,67 4,972 4,978 4,978 Nigeria 4,3 4,4 4,,1,1,1 Philippines 1,722 12, 13,499 13,6 13,78 13,78 Thailand 9,44 9,78 9,6 9, 9,6 9,63 Vietnam 18,392 18,77 19,4 19, 19,1 19,1 46,32 47,4 48,41 48,972,127,1 412,14 417,67 424,417 43,46 431,813 432,338 3,828 4,12 4,78 4,1 4,137 4,136 41,968 421,669 428,49 434,646 43,9 436,474 Ending Stocks 36,783 3,91 38,1 42,87 44,71 4,22 India 1,2 11,43 13, 17, 11, 13, Indonesia 3,27 4,67,67 7,7 7,7 6,97 Japan 2,39 2,46 2,6 2,71 2,63 2,63 Philippines,293 4,868 4,418 4,121 3,236 3,236 Thailand 3,94 2,1 2,27 4,37,27,27 Vietnam 1,317 1,392 2,18 1,96 2,16 2,16 11,1 1,76 11,728 11,676 11,87 1,927 74,619 73,834 79,49 91,437 88,79 89,293 1,371 1,266 942 974 1,381 1,369 7,99 7,1 8,491 92,411 89,46 9,662 Note: All data are reported on a milled basis.

Regional Rice Imports,, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Imports North America 1,2 1,64 1,94 1,4 1,67 1,67 Caribbean 1,111 96 1,28 82 1, 1, South America 1,9 1,6 1,119 1,127 1,14 1,19 Other Europe 138 137 98 12 12 12 Former Soviet Union - 12 4 361 33 3 3 31 Middle East,24 4,778,728,78,91,91 North Africa 233 3 28 16 14 14 Sub-Saharan Africa 7,12 7,84 7,284 7,6 7,48 7,1 East Asia 2,17 2,318 1,646 1,7 1,876 1,876 South Asia 92 1,962 2,63 1 1,7 1,7 Southeast Asia 4,122,742 4,637 4,3 4,98 4,98 2,1 2,2 2,428 2,21 2,273 2,293 Total 26,423 29,337 28,24 26,262 27,989 28,14 North America 7,286 6,44 6,22 6,69 7,169 7,22 Caribbean 68 798 796 882 932 932 South America 14,7 14,292 1,649 1,21 1,462 1,122 European Union 1,731 1,676 1,77 1,68 1,988 1,988 Former Soviet Union - 12 871 1, 1, 91 1,167 1,92 Middle East 2,372 2,38 2,738 2,8 2,496 2,496 North Africa 4,17 4,413 4,46 4,48 4,49 4,49 Sub-Saharan Africa 8,84 9,376 9,7 1,468 1,84 11,16 East Asia 142,492 142,661 14,44 1,14 12,2 12,2 South Asia 131,367 133,111 136,3 142,9 124,898 126,98 Southeast Asia 12,944 13,778 19,323 111,42 111,36 11,936 1,289 691 4 676 76 666 Total 418,68 42,779 433,886 446,66 433,83 434,72 Domestic Consumption North America 4,936,231,143,18,27,26 Central America 1,64 1,12 1,116 1,18 1,73 1,73 Caribbean 1,732 1,829 1,863 1,737 1,93 1,93 South America 14,2 13,418 14,138 14,39 14,482 14,49 European Union 2,61 2,911 3,18 2,97 3,18 3,18 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,346 1,342 1,283 1,241 1,392 1,332 Middle East 7,629 7,86 7,89 7,976 8,23 8,23 North Africa 3,7 3,46 3,636 4,146 4,17 4,17 Sub-Saharan Africa 16,81 17, 17,3 17,7 18,28 18,446 East Asia 144,371 144,289 143,31 14,73 149,67 149,87 South Asia 121,673 124,366 129,6 133,21 127,4 126,94 Southeast Asia 92,49 94,986 97,2 97,48 98,296 98,326 667 714 667 6 624 624 Total 412,686 418,37 426,8 433,2 433,67 433,774 Ending Stocks North America 1,3 1,49 1,13 1,92 1,4 1,492 Central America 271 299 2 27 213 213 Caribbean 22 178 134 19 16 16 South America 2,199 2,23 2,6 2,268 2,33 2,193 European Union 1,181 1,138 1,126 1,2 1,11 1,11 Middle East 2,79 1,697 1,977 1,826 1,92 1,92 North Africa 366 37 68 792 726 726 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,33 1,21 1,341 1,1 1,61 1,61 East Asia 4,329 39,317 41,37 46,617 48,643 49,117 South Asia 11,317 12,636 14,36 19,193 12,836 14,286 Southeast Asia 14,469 14,426 1,28 18,34 18,97 18,37 Oceania 1 23 24 1 1 179 149 19 124 134 134 Total 7,99 7,1 8,491 92,411 89,46 9,662 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

COARSE GRAINS: WORLD MARKETS AND TRADE PRICES: In December, U.S. corn export quotes dipped $3 per ton (to $179) while Argentine quotes rose $2 per ton (to $177), resulting in a narrowing of the typical Argentine discount. $/MT 2 17 Export Bids (Monthly Average) However, daily prices for both U.S. and Argentine corn climbed throughout the latter part of the month on some unexpectedly strong U.S. sales and large Argentine shipments. 1 Dec-8 Feb-9 Apr-9 Jun-9 Aug-9 Oct-9 Dec-9 TRADE CHANGES IN U.S. Corn Gulf Argentina Corn Up River Selected Exporters Argentine corn is raised, tons to 7. million based on reports of strong sales and shipments in recent weeks. At the same time, Brazilian corn is cut, tons (to 9. million) because of competition from Argentina. Serbian corn is boosted, tons to a record 2. million because of ample supplies and competitive prices. Selected Importers Brazilian corn is boosted 2, tons to 7, based on brisk early season trade with Paraguay. Mexican corn is raised, tons to 9. million following a cut in production. TRADE CHANGES IN 28/9 Large Adjustments Reflect Reported Shipments: Indian corn exports raised, tons to 2. million Chilean corn imports up 221, to 779, EU corn imports boosted 3, tons to 2.8 million Saudi Arabian corn imports raised 218, tons to 1. million Grain: World Markets and Trade, January 21 13

World Coarse Grain Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Exports 9,4 8,9 1,241 17,786 17,191 11,243 Argentina,6,6 4,874 3,89 1,993,614 Australia 9,1 9,6 7,183 8,32 8,188 2,826 Brazil 3,62 3,62 3,848 6,379 3,787 4,1 3,8 3,8 4,399 4,679,463 3,62 1,2 1,2 2,1,39 721 1 India 2,4 2,3 4,943 1,419 1,836 1,42 Russia 2, 1, 1,476 132 863 nr Serbia 2,4 2,4 2,17 1,14 462 1,429 South Africa 11,1 11,1 11,38,99 3,942 7,439 Ukraine,1 4,81,433,663 1,974 8,877,4 4,24 8,34 6,78,42 47,43,7,8 1,718 68,289 9,17 61,443 11,79 11,9 19,72 128,867 114,77 18,486 TY Imports 2,1 2,1 2,8 2,433 2,88 2,139 Algeria 9 7 1,497 1,28 1,472 1,17 Brazil 2,7 2,7 1,9 3,187 2,28 2,29 1,62 1,62 1,261 1,969 1,766 1,678 Chile 1,8 1,8 1,61 1,17 1,16 2,36 3,77 3,77 3,62 3,63 3,714 3,38 Colombia 1, 1, 9 1,74 1,212 1,68 Dominican Republic 4,22 4,22,2 4,172 4,84 4,418 Egypt 2,93 2,93 3,7 19,892 8,738 2,883 3,9 3,9, 3,9 3,6 3, Iran 1,42 1,42 1,46 1,776 1,684 1,88 Israel 19,36 19,36 19,611 19,21 19,668 19,76 Japan 8 8 82 889 1,186 1,234 Jordan 1,1 1,1 1,28 276 2 11 Kenya 7,7 7,7 7,24 9,38 8,797 8,4 Korea, South 8 8 9 78 69 719 Libya 2,6 2,6 2, 3,181 2,363 2,17 Malaysia 12,3 11,8 1,467 11,11 11,4 9,928 Mexico 1,73 1,73 1,784 2,18 2,1 1,97 Morocco 1,62 1,62 1,49 1,92 1,646 1,48 Peru 9,3 9,3 9,182 9,961 7,77 8,72 Saudi Arabia 2,9 2,9 2,8 2,11 2,79 2,6 Syria 4,72 4,72 4,672 4,684 4,43 4,743 Taiwan 1,1 1,1 9 1,183 1,19 1,23 Tunisia 1,3 1,3 1,2 1,13 34 12 Venezuela 11,86 11,92 12,18 14,272 13,966 13,9 14,72 14,8 14,111 126,617 11,9 12,9 3,4 3,38 2,834-1,36 1,413 3,96 Unaccounted 2,62 2,62 2,87 3,61 2,6 2,29 11,79 11,9 19,72 128,867 114,77 18,486 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

World Coarse Grains, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan 2,473 19,473 16,223 26,974 27,34 19,31 Argentina 11,817 11,967 11,97 12,177 6,83 13,27 Australia 3,614 3,614 3,624 61,344 3,184 44,167 Brazil 22,373 22,373 27,167 27,841 23,14 24,939 162, 162, 172,7 19,1 19,98 147,696 8,82 8,82 9,236 8,32 7,928 7,179 Ethiopia 12,892 12,92 161,9 136,123 137,421 146,267 33,6 36, 39,17 4,63 33,81 34,4 India 9, 9, 8,7 8, 7,8 6,8 Indonesia 29,329 29,829 31,4 3,77 29,181 2,887 Mexico 27, 27, 26,6 24, 26, 24,7 Nigeria 31,8 31,8 4,7 29,32 3,2 27,6 Russia 12,3 12,3 13,84 13,69 7,76 7,311 South Africa 1,39 1,39 1,31 9,48 1,896 11,9 Turkey 24,4 24,4 26,22 14,8 19,17 18,14 Ukraine 133,62 133,461 127,76 124,632 126,891 12,48 743,673 74,282 77,799 727,28 76,16 68,44 3,28 343,926 32,867 349,861 279,998 298,71 1,93,931 1,89,28 1,11,666 1,77,146 986,14 978,74 Domestic Consumption 48,279 48,279 47,4 4,279 43,34 42,197 Brazil 22,173 22,173 22,8 24,21 24, 22,89 167,7 167,67 16,42 17,1 13,46 147,1 11,98 11,98 11,813 11,477 11,8 11,163 Egypt 13,3 13,3 12,1 14,1 147,877 147,38 32,8 3,1 36,4 3, 32,2 33,8 India 9,1 9,1 8,8 8, 8,1 8,3 Indonesia 19, 19, 19,71 19,46 19,823 2,89 Japan 42,44 42,94 42,8 4,31 39,97 37,6 Mexico 27, 27, 26,4 24, 2,7 24,4 Nigeria 31,3 31,4 32,7 28,87 28,6 27,7 Russia 1,8 9,68 9,8 9,67 8,74 8,21 Saudi Arabia 1,83 1,83 1,73 1,18 9,13 8,768 South Africa 1,1 1,1 1,77 11,9 11,62 11,462 Turkey 14, 14, 13,69 11,83 13,1 12,41 Ukraine 194,2 194,34 19,131 19,198 186,239 182,7 88,117 811,177 796,61 781,993 769,32 747,693 294,262 29,38 27,748 274,33 242,798 24,22 1,12,379 1,11,7 1,72,39 1,6,26 1,12,1 992,71 Ending Stocks 1,7 9,84 13,8 12,86 3,772 3,187 Brazil,, 6,3 4,1 3,1 6,347 49,71 49,71 4,131 4,426 38,32 36,7 18,799 18,199 2,137 12,772 1,138 22,27 3,421 3,193 4,237 4,6 3,421 3,371 Mexico 3,14 3,14 4,74 1,439 1,66 1,333 Russia 3,167 3,167 3,377 3,21 1,776 2,443 South Africa 36,716 36,996 3,37 34,934 3,217 34,264 13,398 129,12 141,613 114,27 12,22 19,92 49,827 47,397 47,6 4,9 36,174 4,767 18,22 176,22 188,673 19,316 138,696 164,692

Regional Coarse Grains Imports,, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Imports North America 14,22 1,93 17,88 1,174 16,4 17,4 Central America 2,83 2,96 2,681 2,44 2,82 2,82 Caribbean 1,969 2,227 2,239 2, 2,1 2,1 South America 8,787 1,177 1,673 1,126 1,6 1,16 European Union 2,883 8,738 19,892 3,7 2,93 2,93 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,2 949 1,27 64 9 9 Middle East 17,832 18,673 21,89 21,272 19,97 19,97 North Africa 1,481 11,671 1,73 1,689 1,1 1,1 Sub-Saharan Africa 3,4 2,373 2,742 3,22 2,78 2,78 East Asia 3,613 34,13 34,662 33,438 33,49 33,49 Southeast Asia 4,897 4,394 4,746 4,38 4,3 4,3 776 991 1,19 887 99 1,2 Total 14,89 113,164 13,227 16,918 16,71 17,34 North America 349,36 332,324 48,279 384,489 396,128 41,96 South America 73,88 92,137 1,84 81,87 8,13 86,134 European Union 146,267 137,421 136,123 161,9 12,92 12,892 Other Europe 12,69 11,68 9,37 12,292 11,97 11,718 Former Soviet Union - 12,37 8,71 3,912 78,14 67,27 67,77 Middle East 19,998 19,6 17,381 1,933 16,977 16,977 North Africa 9,371 11,211 9,894 9,871 13,932 13,932 Sub-Saharan Africa 81,42 87,26 9,87 94,73 9,36 9,36 East Asia 149,899 161,399 161,29 174,874 164,141 164,141 South Asia 4,39 4,2 46,92 4,128 42,38 39,98 Southeast Asia 22, 23,838 26,62 26,13 26,84 26,84 Oceania 14,174 7,23 12,824 12,617 12,614 12,464 3,86 3,98 4,41 4,32 4,242 4,19 Total 978,74 986,14 1,77,146 1,11,666 1,89,28 1,93,931 Domestic Consumption North America 3,481 37,273 338,864 34,683 3,498 38,88 South America 68,23 7,962 74,712 74,26 77,364 77,264 European Union 147,38 147,877 14,1 12,1 13,3 13,3 Other Europe 12,44 11,33 1,446 1,629 1,98 1,77 Former Soviet Union - 12,113 1,26,444 7,16 6, 6, Middle East 37,168 37,61 38,214 38,86 37,616 38,16 North Africa 2,82 22,29 21,161 2,698 22,71 22,71 Sub-Saharan Africa 84,63 88,381 88,361 94,74 9,337 9,337 East Asia 182,819 188,963 191,868 194,92 21,89 21,79 South Asia 4,67 38,798 42,2 42,412 41,498 39,233 Southeast Asia 26,93 26,834 28,74 29,297 3,1 3,1 Oceania 7,94 6,88 7,666 7,47 7,387 7,337 8,467 9,14 9,312 8,991 9,21 9,11 Total 991,388 1,7,41 1,,99 1,71,394 1,98,78 1,99,737 Ending Stocks North America 64,48 43,96 3,629 7,62,9 8,248 South America 7,687 9,64 18,464 17,172 14,794 1,79 European Union 22,27 1,138 12,772 2,137 18,199 18,799 Other Europe 1,491 1,2 1,291 1,818 1,74 1,86 Former Soviet Union - 12,1,93 4,31 8,431 6,9 6,4 Middle East 7,967 8,187 7,12 7,298 6,37 6,434 North Africa 2,686 3,183 2,437 2,8 3,79 3,79 Sub-Saharan Africa,123,22 6,42 6,68 6,947 6,947 East Asia 4,86 41,793 44,94 8,12 3,48 3,477 South Asia 1,41 1,4 1,84 2,99 1,719 1,839 Southeast Asia 2,1 2,644 3,282 3,2 2,942 2,942 Oceania 2,883 1,293 2,11 2,972 3,264 3,139 93 1, 1,41 81 781 774 Total 164,692 138,696 19,316 188,673 176,22 18,22 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

World Corn Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Exports Argentina 1,77 1,693 1,676 8,48 7, 7, Brazil 2,826 8,71 7,883 7,178 9, 9, 3,727,269 49 172 449 664 91 1,7 1, 1, India 497 82,77 2, 1, 1, Paraguay 1,314 1,981 1,461 1,862 1, 1, Serbia nr 84 128 1,467 1, 2, South Africa 1,46 431 1,124 2,111 2, 2, Thailand 121 442 646 786 7 7 Ukraine 2,464 1,27 2,74,497,, 3,2 2,149 2,34 3,767 2,3 2,13 26,13 37,163 37,4 3,48 32,28 32,88 6,84 4,214 6,663 47,97 2, 2, 82,97 91,377 98,217 82,9 84,28 84,88 TY Imports Algeria 2,61 2,463 2,166 1,9 2,1 2,1 Brazil 931 1,24 961 1,92 7 1,962 2,226 3,117 1,844 2, 2, Chile 1,99 1,8 1,628 779 1,2 1,2 Colombia 3,11 3,386 3,267 3,2 3,3 3,3 Costa Rica 687 672 674 6 7 7 Cuba 1 646 811 7 8 8 Dominican Republic 1,68 1,212 1,74 9 1, 1, Egypt 4,397 4,826 4,11, 4,2 4,2 2,634 7,6 14,16 2,8 2, 2, Guatemala 71 764 617 6 7 7 Iran 2,3 3,3 2,9 3,6 2,9 2,9 Israel 1,128 1,311 1,374 1, 1, 1, Japan 16,617 16,713 16,614 16,33 16,3 16,3 Kenya 94 2 22 1,1 1, 1, Korea, South 8,483 8,731 9,311 7,194 7, 7, Malaysia 2,17 2,363 3,181 2, 2,6 2,6 Mexico 6,787 8,944 9,6 7,764 9, 9, Morocco 1,491 1,683 1,88 1, 1,6 1,6 Peru 1,467 1,28 1,469 1,4 1, 1, Saudi Arabia 1,472 1,77 1,961 1,482 1,8 1,8 Syria 1,26 1,729 1,611 1,8 1,9 1,9 Taiwan 4,33 4,283 4,27 4, 4,6 4,6 Tunisia 624 63 8 6 8 8 Venezuela 12 34 1,13 1,2 1,3 1,3 1,884 1,72 1,4 9,7 8,64 8,4 79,47 9,39 99,44 8,38 81,49 82,9 Unaccounted 2,84 1,19-1,688 2,26 2,49 2,49 21 319 1 337 3 3 82,97 91,377 98,217 82,9 84,28 84,88 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes. The large, negative Unaccounted in 27/8 arises largely from timing differences between declared exports and Japan's and Korea's declared imports.

World Corn, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan 1, 14, 12,6 22, 22, 1,8 Argentina 1, 1, 1, 8,6 1, 41,7 Brazil 9,6 9,6 1,92 11,649 8,99 9,332 1, 1, 16,9 12,3 11,6 139,36 6,3 6,3 6,217 6,174 6,149,932 Egypt 6,126 6,126 62,71 47, 3,829 6,668 18, 18, 19,29 18,96 1,1 14,71 India 9, 9, 8,7 8, 7,8 6,8 Indonesia 22, 22, 24,226 23,6 22,3 19, Mexico 8,3 8,3 7,9 6, 7,8 7, Nigeria 6,8 6,8 6,846 7,277 6,231,884 Philippines 6,4 6,4 6,13 4,4 6,41 nr Serbia 11, 11, 12,67 13,164 7,3 6,93 South Africa 1, 1, 11,4 7,4 6,4 7,1 Ukraine 4,8 4,8 4,3 4,6 4,21 3,818 Vietnam 71,8 71,632 73,876 68,361 67,112 71,927 462,394 461,968 484,47 46,694 444,877 416,21 334,2 328,27 37,142 331,177 267,3 282,263 796,446 79,17 791,617 791,871 712,38 698,784 Total Consumption,9,9,8 7, 6,7 6,2 Argentina 4, 4, 44, 42, 41, 39, Brazil 11,8 11,8 11,663 13,769 11,442 1,88 19, 19, 12, 149, 14, 137, 1,9 1,9 1,8 1,4 1,7 1,1 Egypt 6, 6, 62, 64, 62,3 61, 17, 17, 16,9 14,2 13,9 14,2 India 9,1 9,1 8,8 8, 8,1 8,3 Indonesia 16,3 16,3 16,4 16,6 16, 16,7 Japan 7,7 7,7 7,876 8,638 8,833 8,79 Korea, South 32,2 32,7 32,4 32, 3,7 27,9 Mexico 8,4 8,4 7,8 6, 7,6 6,8 Nigeria 7,4 7,4 7,3 7,1 6,,8 Philippines 1,2 1,2 1, 9,6 8,6 8,2 South Africa,6,6,6,7,2,1 Ukraine 116,499 116,799 11,41 113,79 11,286 16,69 26,37 26,97 16,199 9,497 497,134 473,911 279,921 276,36 29,3 261,632 23,674 232,1 86,228 83,272 77,22 771,129 727,88 7,926 Ending Stocks 1,3 1,23 41 1,98 1,66 1,16 Argentina 1,279 9,79 13,279 12,79 3,92 3,1 Brazil 48,719 48,719 3,169 39,394 36,62 3,2 3,239 2,939 6,113 4,362 7,382 9,461 1,398 1,398 818 933 428 8 Malawi 2,89 2,81 3,9 4,131 3,84 2,77 Mexico 3,7 3,7 3,182 3,9 1,661 2,38 South Africa 2,386 2,337 22,937 21,877 21,341 2,364 91,372 89,79 13,467 88,31 7,7 74,324 44,817 42,47 42,4 41,2 33,114 49,968 136,189 132,342 14,971 129,66 18,864 124,292

Regional Corn Imports,, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Imports North America 8,99 11,489 13,174 9,94 11,3 11,8 Central America 2,83 2,96 2,678 2,44 2,82 2,82 South America 8,18 9,141 9,49 8,77 8,66 8,76 European Union 2,634 7,6 14,16 2,8 2, 2, Former Soviet Union - 12 649 1 648 32 38 38 Middle East 7,381 1,22 1,6 9,47 8,87 8,87 North Africa 9,44 1,136 9,94 9,6 9,3 9,3 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,8 1,86 1,844 2,377 2,8 2,8 East Asia 29,949 29,84 3,746 28,74 28,7 28,7 Southeast Asia 4,89 4,38 4,71 4,2 4,32 4,32 Caribbean 1,969 2,227 2,239 2, 2,1 2,1 466 632 736 8 64 64 Total 79,77 9,38 99,9 8,69 81,79 82,39 North America 311,9 298,843 366,426 341,96 36,267 36,612 South America 6,826 83,33 9,37 73,92 74,76 7,76 European Union 6,668 3,829 47, 62,71 6,126 6,126 Other Europe 1,333 9,3 7,239 9,96 9,8 9,8 Former Soviet Union - 12 13,289 12,849 13,79 21,31 17,86 17,86 Middle East 6,439,183,83 6,39,984,984 North Africa 6,134 6,31 6,376 6,419 6,2 6,2 Sub-Saharan Africa 38,264 41,27 46,771 47,772 47,99 47,99 East Asia 141,16 13,43 14,9 167,71 16,66 16,66 South Asia 19,92 2,11 23,98 24,16 23,2 23,2 Central America 2,77 2,88 3,244 3,243 3,127 3,3 Southeast Asia 21,74 23,6 2,82 2,913 26,6 26,6 1,28 1, 1,216 1,197 1,179 1,179 Total 698,784 712,38 791,871 791,617 79,17 796,446 Domestic Consumption North America 27,723 272,816 37,41 33,116 32,86 323,921 South America 9,799 63,172 66,112 66, 68,2 68,1 European Union 61, 62,3 64, 62, 6, 6, Other Europe 9,426 8,99 7,817 8,12 8,2 8,2 Former Soviet Union - 12 11,98 12,144 12,898 14,3 13,39 13,29 Middle East 13,26 14,68 1,429 1,278 1,28 1,28 North Africa 14,871 16,61 1,664 1,8 16,2 16,2 Sub-Saharan Africa 41,149 42,693 43,761 47,46 47,696 47,696 East Asia 168,788 176,719 18,3 182,716 189,4 189,4 South Asia 19,319 18,982 19,474 21,79 22,4 22,4 Southeast Asia 2,837 26,97 28,499 29, 29,77 29,77 Central America,3,8,9,8 6,,9 3,21 3,198 3,41 3,28 3,2 3,2 Total 7,397 724,13 77,868 774,393 81,214 83,97 Ending Stocks North America 4,676 37,3 46,843 47,92 46,44 48,943 South America 6,988 8,26 17,621 16,31 13,398 14,41 European Union 9,461 7,382 4,362 6,113 2,939 3,239 Other Europe 1,167 1,16 976 1,4 1,36 1,27 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,67 1,766 1,143 1,6 1,2 1,2 Middle East 2,73 3,244 3,18 3,427 2,31 2,8 North Africa 1,314 1,84 1,676 1,89 1,47 1,47 Sub-Saharan Africa 4,11 3,66,123,329,73,73 East Asia 38,328 39,74 43,373 6,63 2,4 2,4 South Asia 946 919 1,116 1,1 1,46 1,16 Southeast Asia 2,8 2,642 3,282 3,1 2,941 2,941 Central America 74 729 769 643 9 61 184 3 34 196 272 26 Total 124,292 18,864 129,66 14,971 132,342 136,189 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

World Barley Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Exports Argentina 39 37 937 871 9 9 Australia,231 1,927 3,377 3,278 3,8 3,8 1,876 1,337 2,947 1,618 1, 1, 3 49 81 17 2 2 Egypt 1 67 6 2,87 4,366 3,888 2,369 2, 2, Kazakhstan 239 66 86 3 7 Russia 1,397 1,691 1,277 3,98 2,2 2,2 Serbia nr 9 4 9 Turkey 46 34 3 Ukraine 4,926 2,911 3,814,871 6, 6, Uruguay 41 112 26 186 42 17,16 14,77 17,676 18,4 17,3 17,23 37 28 91 18 2 1 17,17 14,6 18,77 18,23 17,23 17,33 TY Imports Brazil 164 267 28 4 2 2 2,217 1,127 1,91 1,1 1, 1, Colombia 198 243 26 22 2 2 168 167 19 17 1 1 Iran 7 3 1, 1,4 1, 1, Israel 314 224 21 37 32 32 Japan 1,417 1,39 1,361 1,346 1,4 1,4 Jordan 811 84 28 2 Kuwait 23 217 24 2 2 2 Libya 248 8 166 3 2 2 Mexico 31 81 168 12 1 1 Saudi Arabia 7,1 6, 8, 7,7 7, 7, Syria 7 3 9 1, 1, 1, Tunisia 66 866 378 3 3 3 United Arab Emirates 326 294 22 12 2 2 1,61 1,746 2,83 1,67 1,17 1,21 16,868 14,13 17,492 17,22 16,1 16,18 Unaccounted 2 148 373 19 48 4 124 34 712 72 6 6 17,17 14,6 18,77 18,23 17,23 17,33 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

World Barley, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan 2, 2, 6 9 7 4 Algeria 1,6 1,6 1,6 1,47 1,26 8 Argentina 8,3 8,3 7,669 7,16 4,27 9,483 Australia 1,6 1,6 2, 1,7 1,3 1,8 Belarus 9,2 9,2 11,781 1,984 9,73 11,678 3,1 3,1 2,9 2,78 3,11 3,4 1,3 1,3 1,484 1,3 1,32 1,271 Ethiopia 61,96 61,96 6,49 7,4 6,22 4,72 1, 1, 1,23 1,33 1,22 1,2 India 2,6 2,6 2, 3, 3, 2,87 Iran 2,6 2,1 1,8 2, 1,9 1, Kazakhstan 3,7 3,7 1,272 763 2,3 1,12 Morocco 18, 18, 23,1 1,6 18,1 1,8 Russia 6, 6,,6 6, 7, 7,6 Turkey 12, 12, 12,6 6, 11,3 9, Ukraine 8,399 8, 7,64 8,93 9,2 9,1 144,234 143,88 148,7 128,1 132,489 131,68 4,949 4,949,23 4,7 3,923 4,613 149,183 148,834 13,93 132,72 136,412 136,271 Total Consumption 4,3 4,2 3, 3,1 4, 3, Australia 1,7 1,7 2, 1,7 1,6 1,9 Belarus 8,4 8,4 9,6 7,916 1,19 9,611 4, 4,6 4,3 3,9 4,2,4 9, 9, 7, 4,2,7 4, 1,4 1,4 1, 1, 1,22 1,2 India 3,6 3,6 3,9 3,6 3,4 4,2 Iran 1, 1, 1,6 1,6 1,6 1,6 Japan 1,7 1,6 1,6 1,7 1,3 1,4 Kazakhstan 2,8 2,8 1,7 1,9 2, 2,2 Morocco 17,1 17,1 17,1 1, 16,4 1, Russia 7,93 7,3 7,73 7,43 6,81 6,1 Saudi Arabia 1,6 1,6 1,7 1, 1,1 1, Syria,9,9,9 6, 7,3 7,3 Turkey 6,3 6,3 6, 4,9 6,3,3 Ukraine 14,344 14,394 14,7 14,728 14,473 14,38 142,43 142,36 138,676 129,993 138,66 136,677 4,789 4,789,127 4,324 4,96 4,7 147,219 147,14 143,83 134,317 143,22 141,247 Ending Stocks 884 884 234 333 462 4 Algeria 2,797 2,881 2,97 1,662 988 2,82 Australia 2,463 2,463 2,843 1,68 1,491 3,289 11,481 11,481 1,366,7,824 8,3 1,139 1,139 139 114 93 481 Morocco 2,437 2,437 3,637 1,2 1,272 873 Russia 2,368 2,268 2,298 2,428 2,48 2,68 Saudi Arabia,16,771,21 4,8,864 6,32 28,734 29,324 27,36 17,68 19,262 2,22 2,27 2,27 1,932 1,48 1, 2,3 31,261 31,81 29,297 19,17 2,762 27,2

Regional Barley Imports,, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Imports North America 21 476 933 739 8 8 South America 17 723 71 83 7 7 European Union 168 167 19 17 1 1 Other Europe 16 22 27 146 18 18 Former Soviet Union - 12 332 426 374 244 21 21 Middle East 1,33 8,278 11,72 11,71 1,98 1,98 North Africa 1,392 1,21 1,144 1,7 62 62 Sub-Saharan Africa 81 1 14 129 8 8 East Asia 3,816 2,9 2, 2,996 3, 3, South Asia 21 4 1 Oceania Total 16,992 14,47 18,24 18,94 16,7 16,78 North America 17,1 14,36 16,212 17,792 1,2 1,2 South America 1,827 2,287 2,61 2,644 2,712 2,693 European Union 4,72 6,22 7,4 6,49 61,96 61,96 Other Europe 1,611 1,48 1,412 1,48 1,9 1,48 Former Soviet Union - 12 29,4 33,91 27,67 4,86 3,31 3,81 Middle East 12,33 12,2 1,927 8,291 9,63 9,63 North Africa 2,212 3,83 2,493 2,427 6,34 6,34 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,638 1,738 1,733 1,826 1,67 1,67 East Asia 3,848 3,49 3,24 3,377 3, 3, South Asia 1,664 1,742 1,93 1,637 2,17 2,17 Oceania 9,883 4,67 7,6 8,69 8,7 8,7 Total 136,271 136,412 132,72 13,93 148,834 149,183 Domestic Consumption North America 1,16 1,711 13,11 1,67 14,139 14,139 South America 2,12 2,227 2,423 2,39 2,477 2,477 European Union 4,,7 4,2 7, 9, 9, Other Europe 1,776 1,738 1,64 1,6 1,77 1,68 Former Soviet Union - 12 2,77 26,94 24,779 28,126 28,33 28,43 Middle East 22,26 21,434 21,231 21,37 2,61 21,1 North Africa 4,88 4,93 4,42 3,863,38,38 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,691 1,792 1,794 1,939 1,77 1,77 East Asia 7,492 6,219,88 6,29 6,1 6,41 South Asia 1,667 1,743 1,66 1,436 2,72 2,17 Oceania 3,9 4,4 3, 3,9 4,6 4,7 Total 14,24 142,839 134,98 143,64 146,713 147,113 Ending Stocks North America,744 3,16 3,14 4,88,126,126 South America 191 292 237 291 276 27 European Union 8,3,824,7 1,366 11,481 11,481 Other Europe 283 319 277 317 32 26 Former Soviet Union - 12 2,1 2,72 2,499,36 4,4 4,4 Middle East,196 4,94 4,69 3,833 3,788 3,888 North Africa 1,332 1,9 721 623 2,28 2,28 Sub-Saharan Africa 6 62 97 14 89 89 East Asia 1, 881 732 829 949 949 South Asia 49 49 31 61 111 111 Oceania 2,637 1,46 1,698 2,633 2,917 2,833 Total 27,2 2,762 19,17 29,297 31,81 31,261 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

World Sorghum Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Exports Argentina 226 99 1,172 97 1, 1, Australia 19 2 34 1,36 1,1 1,1 Brazil 11 116 1 1 26 144 223 32 Nigeria South Africa 23 31 21 46 4 4 Sudan 2 2 2 1 1 18 2 14 74 6 6 3 1,41 2,267 2,19 2, 2, 4,961 4,38 6,664 3,69 3,6 3,6,496,781 8,931 6,128 6,1 6,1 TY Imports Chile 46 189 268 44 37 37 Colombia 67 66 22 2 2 Ecuador 44 2 Ethiopia 3 1 1 1 77 1,474,267 7 2 2 Israel 44 78 144 7 7 7 Japan 1,393 1,276 1,84 1,629 1, 1, Mexico 3,29 1,94 1,16 2,496 2,6 2,6 Sudan 211 3 3 3 3 3 Taiwan 69 64 83 72 7 7 47 248 69 44 34 34,344,6 9,11,782,87,87 Unaccounted 12 129-171 343 23 23 2 1 3,496,781 8,931 6,128 6,1 6,1 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

World Sorghum, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan 3,3 3,3 1,66 2,937 2,8 2,33 Argentina 1,8 2, 2,671 3,72 1,283 1,929 Australia 1,9 1,9 1,91 2, 1, 1,43 Brazil 1,8 1,8 1,8 1,7 1,16 1,3 Burkina 1,7 1,7 1,8 1,92 2,183 2,46 9 9 9 9 9 9 Egypt 2,6 2,6 2,619 2,69 2,316 2,174 Ethiopia 623 623 1 2 42 489 6, 8, 7,31 7,93 7,1 7,63 India 92 92 9 91 77 629 Mali 6,4 6,4 6,3 6,2,81, Mexico 9 9 1, 93 8 7 Niger 11, 11, 11, 1, 1, 1, Nigeria 4,7 4,7 4,7 4,,2 4,27 Sudan 9 9 9 9 8 89 Tanzania 6,623 6,632 6,6 6,4 6,317,968 2,621 4,78 2,4 2,93,437 49,66 9,728 9,241 11,998 12,636 7,32 9,976 62,349 64,21 64,43 6,71 7,469 9,82 Total Consumption 1,7 1,7 8 1,7 1,7 2,3 Argentina 9 1, 1,4 2,2 1,2 1,89 Australia 1,8 1,8 1,9 1,8 1,37 1,7 Brazil 1,8 1,8 1,8 1,7 1,16 1,3 Burkina 1,8 1,8 2, 2, 2, 2,3 9 9 9 9 9 9 Egypt 2,7 2,7 2,7 2,6 2,3 2,1 Ethiopia 6,1 8, 7,2 7,9 7,1 7, India 1, 1, 1,6 1,1 1,3 1,4 Japan 92 92 9 91 77 629 Mali 9,1 9,1 8,6 7,2 8,1 8,6 Mexico 9 9 1, 1,2 82 7 Niger 11,4 11,4 1,9 9,9 1,4 1,4 Nigeria,,,,, 4,2 Sudan 9 9 9 9 8 89 Tanzania 8,421 8,421 8,4 13,48 8,142 7,268 6,137 8,137 6,148 6,329 4,267 4,49 6,96,843 8,38,81 4,12 4,818 62,233 63,98 64,46 6,41 8,279 9,227 Ending Stocks 7 7 1 19 18 161 Argentina 23 21 23 22 124 113 Brazil 234 234 419 637 928 93 198 198 198 179 9 74 Ethiopia 469 469 69 373 217 3 Mexico 2 2 2 2 2 2 Nigeria 44 44 4 9 99 47 Sudan 82 871 977 812 842 949 3,288 3,332 3,248 3,211 3,76 3,32 1,466 1,233 1,39 1,34 814 1,668 4,74 4,6 4,638 4,1 4,39,2

Regional Sorghum Imports,, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Imports North America 3,29 1,96 1,17 2,499 2,6 2,6 South America 72 28 433 686 67 67 European Union 77 1,474,267 7 2 2 Other Europe 132 2 2 2 Middle East 44 78 146 7 7 7 North Africa 39 9 4 3 3 Sub-Saharan Africa 91 3 726 689 9 9 East Asia 1,48 1,349 1,196 1,719 1,6 1,6 Southeast Asia 7 9 31 13 2 2 3 Total,344,62 9,12,78,87,87 North America 1,476 12,842 18,836 18,298 1,641 16,128 Central America 324 329 381 292 33 321 Caribbean 128 128 128 128 128 128 South America 4,794,122,661 4,62 6,26 6,26 European Union 489 42 2 1 623 623 Middle East 494 671 69 67 67 67 North Africa 91 91 91 91 91 91 Sub-Saharan Africa 24,61 26,88 2,28 27,89 27,28 27,28 East Asia 2,4 2,191 1,94 1,82 1,72 1,72 South Asia 7,783 7,3 8,81 7,4 8,14 6,14 Southeast Asia 9 3 7 6 6 6 Oceania 1,929 1,283 3,72 2,671 2, 1,8 Total 9,82 7,469 6,71 64,43 64,21 62,349 Domestic Consumption North America 13,418 12,112 12,281 16,98 14,943 1,196 Central America 333 328 369 38 318 318 Caribbean 128 128 128 128 128 128 South America 4,86 4,17 4,734 4,434,27,27 European Union 68 1,28 6,3 9 8 8 Middle East 38 746 842 7 7 7 North Africa 94 91 924 91 9 9 Sub-Saharan Africa 24,843 2,974 2,993 27,719 27,998 27,998 East Asia 3,784 3,47 3,222 3,699 3,46 3,46 South Asia 7,63 7,2 8,3 7,34 8,14 6,24 Southeast Asia 96 7 61 67 6 6 Oceania 1,89 1,2 2,2 1,4 1, 9 132 2 2 2 Total 9,178 7,64 6,249 64,68 63,844 62,97 Ending Stocks North America 2,221 1,31 1,713 1,99 1,72 1,93 Central America 17 18 33 17 29 2 South America 389 397 479 47 1,2 1,29 European Union 1 14 71 32 4 4 Middle East 36 39 38 38 38 38 North Africa 39 39 39 39 39 39 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,33 1,4 1,18 1,1 1,8 1,8 East Asia 1,121 1,42 733 41 39 36 South Asia 26 247 187 247 12 122 Oceania 23 16 73 139 113 84 1 2 1 1 1 Total,2 4,39 4,1 4,638 4,6 4,74 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

World Oats Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Exports Argentina 1 2 1 Australia 191 41 174 161 1 1 1,74 1,921 2,321 1,789 1,7 1,7 Chile 27 41 17 31 2 2 234 119 133 12 1 1 Kazakhstan 9 1 Ukraine 4 21 6 2 8 14 2,214 2,14 2,691 2,127 2,4 2,4 4 33 3 38 4 4 2,24 2,178 2,744 2,16 2,8 2,8 TY Imports Algeria 9 1 Bosnia and Herzegovina 7 4 3 21 18 17 14 1 1 18 9 13 39 2 2 Colombia 26 18 14 2 2 2 Ecuador 13 14 1 2 2 Japan 9 62 68 46 6 6 Mexico 81 61 131 82 1 1 Morocco 1 Norway 1 9 47 1 South Africa 18 13 18 2 2 2 Switzerland 6 1 6 2 Turkey 3 12 1 7 8 3 39 338 41 326 37 37 Unaccounted 64 46 9 2 1 1 1,831 1,794 2,244 1,787 1,6 1,6 2,24 2,178 2,744 2,16 2,8 2,8 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

World Oats, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan 14 14 8 8 8 8 Algeria 29 47 4 3 Argentina 1,26 1,26 1,2 1,2 748 1,69 Australia 8 8 9 6 6 Belarus 47 47 47 47 47 17 Brazil 2,8 2,8 4,273 4,696 3,82 3,283 31 31 344 384 38 42 Chile 6 6 6 6 6 6 8,81 8,81 8,86 8,634 7,768 7,968 16 16 16 16 14 14 Kazakhstan 148 148 148 124 12 127 Mexico 24 36 328 276 248 279 Norway,,,8,4 4,9 4, Russia 21 21 2 2 21 27 Turkey 9 9 9 7 8 Ukraine 47 47 47 47 483 466 22,64 22,719 2,7 24,68 21,686 22,14 1,31 1,31 1,294 1,313 1,37 1,667 23,9 24,7 26,369 2,921 23,43 23,87 Total Consumption 14 14 8 86 88 84 Algeria 3 4 4 3 Argentina 1,1 1,1 1,8 1,33 71 1,48 Australia 8 8 9 7 62 Belarus 47 47 47 47 47 1 Brazil 1, 1, 1,77 1,933 2,283 1,966 28 28 31 3 3 4 Chile 62 62 62 61 61 62 8,4 8,4 8, 8,6 7,647 7,868 1 1 1 1 13 13 Kazakhstan 24 24 21 23 24 17 Mexico 3 41 328 336 33 334 Norway,2,2,4,4 4,9 4,6 Russia 21 21 2 213 211 27 Turkey 9 9 92 67 82 Ukraine 648 648 61 63 61 649 21,67 21,722 21,898 22,312 2,164 2,936 3,161 3,88 2,968 3,161 3,179 3,287 24,768 24,81 24,866 2,473 23,343 24,223 Ending Stocks 79 89 84 99 84 8 Argentina 1 1 14 17 189 18 Australia 7 7 7 7 Belarus 1,92 1,92 1,27 9 6 872 18 18 113 99 11 17 939 939 93 62 79 769 384 384 84 184 186 19 Russia 184 184 181 14 187 161 3,16 3,26 3,612 2,361 2,148 2,419 1,4 1,77 1,221 969 734 763 4,2 4,13 4,833 3,33 2,882 3,182

Regional Oats Imports,, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Imports North America 1,933 1,873 2,392 1,883 1,71 1,71 South America 4 33 3 33 3 3 European Union 2 2 Other Europe 114 114 18 67 1 1 Former Soviet Union - 12 6 Middle East 3 12 North Africa 6 14 6 1 1 1 Sub-Saharan Africa 18 13 18 2 2 2 East Asia 77 71 81 8 8 8 Oceania Total 2,19 2,132 2,64 2,113 1,97 1,97 North America,77,361 6,133,71 4,299 4,299 South America 1,316 1,33 1,32 1,132 1,326 1,326 European Union 7,968 7,768 8,634 8,86 8,81 8,81 Other Europe 6 2 3 6 637 22 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,98 6,296 6,71 7,81 6,86 6,86 Middle East 27 21 2 2 21 21 North Africa 11 11 11 11 17 17 Sub-Saharan Africa 4 4 4 4 4 4 East Asia 62 62 62 62 62 62 Oceania 1,76 823 1,77 1,28 1,33 1,33 Total 23,87 23,43 2,921 26,369 24,7 23,9 Domestic Consumption North America,428,77,329 4,948 4,883 4,96 South America 1,333 1,33 1,33 1,143 1,331 1,331 European Union 7,868 7,647 8,6 8, 8,4 8,4 Other Europe 666 63 676 6 747 632 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,193 6,266 6,68 7,38 7, 7, Middle East 27 211 213 2 21 21 North Africa 11 123 121 12 18 18 Sub-Saharan Africa 7 6 7 7 7 East Asia 68 68 68 67 68 68 Oceania 1, 78 1,41 1,16 1,17 1,17 Total 24,183 23,417 2,149 24,861 24,741 24,699 Ending Stocks North America 1,641 1,29 1,924 2,72 2,176 2,13 South America 119 119 127 11 118 18 European Union 769 79 62 93 939 939 Other Europe 4 4 38 1 46 46 Former Soviet Union - 12 31 321 317 736 36 36 Middle East North Africa 1 1 1 1 1 1 Sub-Saharan Africa 14 12 2 2 2 2 East Asia 112 1 13 11 112 112 Oceania 18 189 17 14 1 1 Total 3,182 2,882 3,33 4,833 4,13 4,2 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.

World Rye Trade October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Exports Belarus 7 141 27 167 7 12 12 381 313 9 1 1 1 Russia 64 86 14 Ukraine 49 6 1 1 3 621 634 39 29 38 38 1 2 8 6 1 1 622 636 398 31 39 39 TY Imports 2 36 88 1 2 2 Israel 12 71 7 1 2 2 Japan 279 28 83 7 1 1 Korea, South 7 8 6 7 Norway 4 16 4 2 2 2 Switzerland 9 4 4 4 Turkey 2 18 16 1 1 72 18 2 477 429 21 123 19 19 Unaccounted 1 71 36 7 7 7 13 136 12 18 12 12 622 636 398 31 39 39 TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.

World Rye, Consumption, and Stocks Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan Argentina 77 Belarus 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,6 1,7 1,7 33 383 22 316 28 28 7,688 6,41 7,679 9,234 9,3 9,3 Russia 3,6 3, 3,9 4, 4, 4, Turkey 27 271 26 2 27 27 Ukraine 1, 6 1, 9 9 186 169 19 198 187 177 14,329 12,219 14,213 17,23 16,89 16,88 191 183 16 23 178 178 14,2 12,42 14,373 17,46 17,73 17,63 Total Consumption Argentina 77 Belarus 1,1 1,2 1,2 1, 1,6 1,6 18 243 143 147 16 16 8,62 7,4 7,3 8,7 9,4 9,4 Japan 279 28 9 6 9 9 Kazakhstan 47 Norway 39 42 47 68 7 47 Russia 3,6 3,1 3,7 4,2 4, 4, Turkey 277 276 281 2 28 28 Ukraine 1, 8 9 9 9 238 176 121 12 13 13 1,42 13,744 13,672 16,164 16,9 16,89 332 337 33 292 29 29 1,784 14,81 14,7 16,46 17,2 17,19 Ending Stocks Belarus 239 189 214 264 314 314 18 117 3 128 128 128 1,874 616 1,17 1,446 1,424 1,424 Japan 2 2 13 1 1 1 Russia 126 32 63 297 197 197 Ukraine 267 6 6 29 149 149 1 2,712 1,39 1,47 2,34 2,227 2,227 18 12 1 13 13 13 2,73 1,1 1,417 2,367 2,24 2,24

Regional Rye Imports,, Consumption, and Stocks Thousand Metric Tons 2/6 26/7 27/8 28/9 Dec Jan TY Imports North America 13 136 12 18 13 13 South America European Union 2 36 88 1 2 2 Other Europe 14 22 1 24 2 2 Former Soviet Union - 12 71 16 Middle East 14 89 23 2 3 3 Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia 286 266 89 64 1 1 Oceania Total 67 6 362 231 32 32 North America 21 66 412 19 48 48 South America 64 61 83 61 61 61 European Union 7,688 6,41 7,679 9,234 9,3 9,3 Other Europe 14 9 111 119 18 98 Former Soviet Union - 12,8 4,8,8 7,2 6,6 6,6 Middle East 27 271 26 2 27 27 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3 3 East Asia Oceania 2 2 2 2 2 2 Total 14,2 12,42 14,373 17,46 17,73 17,63 Domestic Consumption North America 49 8 478 439 4 4 South America 64 61 83 61 61 61 European Union 8,62 7,4 7,3 8,7 9,4 9,4 Other Europe 121 11 126 142 133 123 Former Soviet Union - 12,81,1,47 6,7 6,6 6,6 Middle East 379 347 288 27 3 3 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3 3 East Asia 286 266 96 67 1 1 Oceania 2 2 2 2 2 2 Total 1,798 13,937 13,941 16,42 17,127 17,117 Ending Stocks North America 23 129 4 141 141 141 South America European Union 1,874 616 1,17 1,446 1,424 1,424 Other Europe 1 Former Soviet Union - 12 632 286 342 77 66 66 Middle East Sub-Saharan Africa East Asia 2 2 13 1 1 1 Oceania Total 2,73 1,1 1,417 2,367 2,24 2,24 NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are reported using local marketing years.