Energy Crops
1000 Barrels USA Crude oil 4000000 3500000 3000000 Imports 2500000 2000000 Production 1500000 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 Year
Projected World Energy Supplies 100 Billion Barrels of Oil Equivalent per Year (GBOE) 80 60 40 20 Coal Natural Gas Crude Oil Decreasing Fossil Fuels 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 3000 Thomas Ahlbrandt, World Energy Project, World Petroleum Assessment,
4.6% 5.0% 59.8% Every one else USA 23.8% PRC 14.6%
Advantages of Global Warming
World Wide Concern
2 February 2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Global Warming It s real and It s now And we re causing it!
Wind Energy
Water Energy
Solar Energy
Atomic Energy
Biodiesel Ethanol
Carbon Dioxide Recycling With Biodiesel Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Photosynthesis Oil Biodiesel Plant H 2 O H 2 O Water H 2 O
Feed Stock
Making Grain Ethanol
20% of US corn is made into ethanol, 5 years ago only 7%. 2007 was highest corn planting since 1944. An acre of corn requires 110 gallons of gas to grow. Refiners profits on ethanol have dropped from $1.06/gal to $0.03/gal. The cost of feeding a hog has increased by 85% over the last year. The price of meat, dairy and high fructose corn syrup increased 10-25% in 2007. No idea what will happen in 2010. One study has shown that world demand for ethanol will increase the number of chronically hungry people in the world by 600 million by 2025. Ethanol energy balance is 1:1.3 (at best).
Miscanthus Grass
Making Cullulosic Ethanol
Making Cullulosic Ethanol
Switch grass Hybrid Poplars Wood chips Household trash
Wheat Straw
Griffin Industries, USA Bruck Industries, Austria
The use of vegetable oils for engine fuels may seem insignificant today. But such oils may become in the course of time as important as petroleum and the coal tar products of the present time. 1912 speech
Soybeans
Oilseed Palm
Cotton seed oil Peanut oil Sunflower oil Used fry oil
Canola
Fuel for 11,300 miles 5 lb see d 3,500 lb of seed Makes 210 gal biodiesel 210 gal. canola oil Feeds 2,000 dairy cows + 500 gal milk
Ethanol Canola oil 25% Sodium methylate solution
Renewable, Reduce imports Biodiesel smells yummy!
USA Diesel Fuel Use Residential 11% Other 27% On road 56% 6% Farm Total Consumption: 55 Billion Gallons On-highway: 33 Billion gallons
USA Vegetable Oil Production Other 0.4 Bill gal. 9% Soy 3.6 Bill. Gal 91% Total Production: 3.96 Billion Gallons On-highway: 33 Billion gallons
Current usage of on-highway diesel fuel in the U.S. is 33 billion gallons/year. If all of the vegetable oil was used to produce biodiesel, we could only replace about 12% of the current demand for onhighway diesel fuel. Is this a problem?
World Vegetable Oil Peanut, 1,336 Corn, 488 Olive, 686 Cotton, 856 Coconut, 596 Soy, 6,715 Sunflower, 2,214 Palm, 3,830 Rapeseed, 2,055 2013
What are we going to fry our French fries in?
Algae
Algae Biodiesel
47 $256 million raised by Imperium since 2004. 42 employees. 100 million gallons biodiesel capacity. Produced 130 million gallons of biodiesel. EBITDA Profitable 3of 4 years. Strong foundation for growth in revenue, profit and new construction. Industry leader in global biodiesel business.
48 Largest BQ9000 biodiesel facility in the U.S. Located in designated Rural Area. Current site is 10.5 acres with 13 acres adjacent for new construction. Biodiesel production sourced from canola and soy oil from US and Canada. Established relationships with major feedstock producers.
The IGH Bio-Distillate Facility of the Future UOP Green Jet Fuel Process Multiple biofuel production capabilities: renewable jet fuel, bio-chemicals, renewable diesel (Green Jet/Diesel) Must produce drop-in equivalent jet fuel.
US Department of Navy commitments significant: Targeting 366 million gallons of renewable jet fuel by 2020; Green Strike Fleet by 2016; MOU with USDA for Farm to Fly Significant challenges exist in financing this project. Capital markets require risk adjusted returns on capital. Secure regional supply of renewable fuel IGH can supply total fuel requirement for Green Strike Fleet demand by 2017 Significant reduction on dependence of oil and climate change emissions
Global Commercial Airline interest: Alaska Airlines; UAL; KLM ASTM certification for 50/50 blend of Jet A and Green Jet was approved in 2011. Broad level of support from all OEM s: Boeing; Pratt and Whitney; Airbus.
Term papers Friday May 9 th by close of day AgSci room 319