NEW INITIATIVES IN SIGNALLING Signalling System - backbone of Indian Railways
WHY RAILWAY SIGNALLING 1 Enhance the Level of Safety by minimising human element. 2 To facilitate increase in speed 33 To improve line capacity 4 Provide Efficiency and Flexibility in Train Operations 2 Railway Signalling is the Solution A Symbol of Trust
Development of Railway Signalling in India First Route Relay Interlocking : Churchgate,WR Became a Must for MAUQ by 1950s First Solid State Interlocking (SR) Double Wire Signalling Interlocking: Ghaziabad- Peshawar 23 Stations Axle Counter First Train: Bombay VT Thane 1853 1894 1920 1958 1972 1987
Development of Rail Signalling: India TMS Churchgate Virar Section TCAS AWS : On WR: Churchgate Virar Section First AWS: ER (Gaya- Mughalsarai, Howrah- Burdwan) CTC Tundla Interoperrable ETCS 1972 1987 2003 2008 2016 2018
KEY ELEMENTS OF SIGNALLING Command & Control (TMS & CTC) Train Detection System Block Working 5 On Board Train Protection Point Machines LED Signal Electronic Interlocking
Signalling Design Philosophy Signaling Design is primarily Fail-safe but not necessarily fault-tolerant. Hence Reliability adversely affected To improve reliability particularly with Electronic systems redundancy is being provided this also reduces role of human element to work trains in case of signal failure Reliable equipment are being developed requiring minimal maintenance e.g. LED Signals Centralised on line monitoring, predictive maintenance 6
UPGRADATION OF INTERLOCKING- MECHANICAL SIGNALING For dealing train lever man has to pull levers in a particular sequence. Interlocking is achieved by mechanical bars and notches. 7
UPGRADATION OF INTERLOCKING-RELAY INTERLOCKING. Station Master presses Entry and Exit button of the line he has to receive or dispatch train Intricate, Complex circuits and wiring to achieve Interlocking 8
UPGRADATION OF INTERLOCKING- ELECTRONIC INTERLOCKING Station master by using MOUSE click on signal and the route on which train is to be dealt. Electronics takes care of Interlocking. 9
SIGNALS- DEVELOPMENT SEMAPHORE -LQ SEMAPHORE -MAUQ COLOR LIGHT SIGNAL LED SIGNAL 10
TRAIN DETECTION DEVICES D.C.TRACK CIRCUIT AUDIO FREQ. TRACK CCT. 11 AXLE COUNTER
BLOCK WORKING- SPACE INTERVAL Morse Code Key Block Panel with UFSBI 12
NEW INITIATIVES
ELIMINATION OF MECHANICAL SIGNALLING Mechanical System depends on human skill and effort. Mechanical System operates signals and switches using wires and rods Replacement is being done by electronic/electrical systems. Replacement reduces failures due to temperature changes, wear and tear of mechanical items & human errors. The new systems require reduced maintenance effort. The replacement by modern electrical/electronic systems results in reduction in asset failures and improved reliability. All remaining stations with mechanical semaphore signals on BG route will be replaced by 2020
ELIMINATION OF TOKEN BLOCK INSTRUMENTS In token system there is physical delivery of token to loco pilot as authority to enter next block section. In token systems, There are incidences of injuries to loco pilots Token loss cases causing undue delay to trains Speed limitation Replacement is done by systems which prove clearance of next section automatically. The tokenless systems result in improved line capacity as time taken to physically deliver tokens is eliminated reduced failures as the mechanical parts are eliminated - prone to wear and tear Token instruments from all remaining block sections will be eliminated by March 2019.
PROVISION OF BLOCK PROVING THROUGH AXLE COUNTER Block Section In block working, complete arrival of train is ensured by Station Master by physical verification. In Block Proving Axle Counter complete arrival of a train i.e. no vehicle is left behind, is ensured automatically. No human dependence to ascertain thereby improving safety. Remaining all block sections on A, B, C, D-Spl & D routes will be equipped with Block Proving by Axle Counter upto March 2022
Electronic Interlocking (EI) Dual Video on EI Panel EI Relay Room RRI Operations Panel and RRI Indication Panel Electronic Interlocking system ensures Safety of train movements by monitoring and controlling train movements on the lines. Intricate wiring in relay based interlocking system is replaced by electronic logic circuit cards. EI system is completely preassembled and tested as per interlocking design requirements. Electronic cards are placed in modular containers. Time and costs for installation and commissioning are cut down. EI system has been provided at more than 1200 stations on Indian Railways as on 31 st March 2017. All new interlocking are EI. By 2022 electronic interlocking system will be provided at more than 3000 stations of Indian Railways.
AUTOMATIC BLOCK SIGNALING Stn A Stn B In Automatic Signaling, multiple trains can run between two stations as against one train in conventional Block working. Mumbai suburban handles thousands of trains with a headway of 3 min. because of Automatic Signaling. 18
Centralised Traffic Control (CTC) System For high density sections with Medium / High speed, CTC is considered important for Line Capacity utilization. Indian Railways is carrying out trials of large Scale CTC system between Kanpur and Ghaziabad. CTC with Distributed Interlocking Systems can provide for an optimal solution for Medium/High Speed systems.
TRAIN MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (TMS) TMS provided on Western and Central Railway for integrated management and monitoring of suburban train movements and Work is in progress for suburban section on Eastern Railway. Provides real-time display/status of train positions & movements and Signaling information on a giant screen. TMS used by Railways worldwide.
Train Protection Systems on Indian Railways 1 TPWS: Train Protection andwarning System (TPWS) based on ETCS Level 1 2. TCAS: Indigenously developing Train Collision Avoidance System
Train Protection and Warning System (TPWS)- (ETCS L-1) Proven ATP System to avoid train accidents/ collisions due to human error of Signal Passing At Danger (SPAD) or over-speeding. Operational at:- Interlocking Chennai-Gummidipundi Suburban Section of Southern Railway (50 RKms). Hazrat Nizamuddin Agra Section of Northern/North Central Railway (200 RKms), Gatiman Express running at 160 Kmph on Delhi-Agra section has been equipped with TPWS. Balise Line side Electronic Unit Dum Dum-Kavi Subhash section of Kolkata Metro (25 RKMs) and introduced in commercial service on all the EMU rakes
TCAS-Train Collision Avoidance system Indian Railways have developed Indigenous Train Collision Avoidance System -TCAS Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) is an Automatic Train Protection (ATP) System with Cab Signaling features, suitable upto 110 kmph for continuous movement Authority.
Predictive maintenance through online Monitoring of Signaling gears Traditional Signaling maintenance management procedures are either fixon-fail or planned time based maintenance. This makes Maintenance costs high and lack of reliability. Maintenance regime of predict-and-prevent instead of find-and-fix is evolving in Railway Signaling system. Predict-and prevent maintenance methods uses historic data to predict Signal failures before they occur enabling condition-based maintenance that can considerably reduce operating costs and improve productivity through uninterrupted operations.
Life Cycle Support in Electronics Scenario a. Electronics are now an integral part of safe, reliable and functional railway operations b. Adherence to Safety Integrity Level 4 in design and manufacturing process c. Complex electronics systems are, the greater the risk of malfunction. Both Security & Safety Current Methodology of Maintaining High-Performance Electronics a. Post Warranty Support through AMC with OEMs b. Third Party Repairs where OEM support is not available c. Obsolescence management through OEM support, where ever possible Challenges Going Forward a. Availability of Talent Pool b. Skill Development c. Infrastructure in Electronics Repair by Railways d. High lead time for overhauling and maintenance of Electronics through OEM
Life Cycle Support in Electronics Provider will be indentified for long term partnership. a. Plant in Plant (PIP) Concept for all servicing b. Cards requiring servicing support will be identified jointly c. Provider will create infrastructure in designated workshop as a Pilot Project d. Provider will Run the complete workshop with their key skilled staff. e. Will help in - i. Component Level Repair of Printed Circuit Board Assembly ii. Repair of Complete Electronic Unit / Module iii. Re-Design to meet component and sub assembly obsolescence. v. Identify and Sourcing of Obsolete and hard to find component and sub assemblies. f. Skill Development of staff deputed on a long term
MAKE IN INDIA: INDIGENIZATION To promote Indian manufacturing of Safety/signaling items, all the imported products approved so far by RDSO under Cross Approval Policy are planned for indigenization as mandated in the policy. Vital modern Signalling equipments like Electronic Interlocking (EI) and Digital Axle Counters (DAC) of foreign OEMs have been indigenized as indicated below: ITEM Foreign OEM Indigenization Status Electronic Interlocking Ansaldo STS Siemens Kyosan Completed Completed Almost 70% Completed 28 Digital Axle Counter Eldyne/Thales Siemens Frauscher Almost 70% Completed Completed Under Process
MAKE IN INDIA: INDIGENIZATION Indian OEMs manufacturing 100% in India: ITEM Electronic Interlocking Digital Axle Counter Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS) Indian OEM M/s Medha Servo Drives (P) Ltd, Hyderabad M/s CEL, Sahibabad M/s G.G.Tronics, Bangalore Being developed by RDSO indigenously with three Indian firms viz, M/s Medha Servo Drives (P) Ltd, Hyderabad, M/s HBL Power Systems Ltd, Hyderabad and M/s Kernex Microsystems Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad. 29
Signalling - The Road Ahead Long Term Policy Initiatives taken with a concerted and well directed Corridor/Route (section) Wise Investment Plan covering the following Vital Segments in each project for deriving maximum benefit: Automatic Signalling, Electronic Interlocking & Interfaces to Systems Centralized Traffic Control & Train Management Systems On Line Automated Maintenance Monitoring & Control Centres for Predictive Maintenance ERTMS Level I & II for main line and CBTC for Suburban Plant in Plant Concept for all S& T servicing- The cost sharing of infrastructure could be borne by OEM and IR. Key benefit being in-house technology availability.
THANKS