Fuel cell electric buses across North- East Europe, Riga activities BSR Hydrogen Network Conference Riga 7 th December 2017
EU regional clusters for Fuel Cell Electric Buses Joint Procurement activities
JIVE: Joint Initiative for hydrogen Vehicles across Europe Objectives o Deploy 142 FC buses across nine cities o Achieve 30% cost reduction versus state of the art o Operate 50% of the vehicles for at least 36 months o Deploy the largest capacity HRS in Europe o Achieve near 100% reliability of HRS o Demonstrate technological readiness of FC buses and HRS o Encourage further uptake UK 56 FC buses Italy 15 FC buses A A A A A Current FC buses Future FC buses (other projects) Fuel cell buses in cities participating in JIVE Future FC buses (Project JIVE) Articulated bus (Project JIVE) JIVE will be a six year project, that started on the 25 th of January 2017 A A Denmark 10 FC buses Latvia 10 FC buses Germany 51 FC buses A A A
JIVE 2: Joint Initiative for hydrogen Vehicles across Europe Phase 2 Objectives Deploy 152 FC buses across 14 cities Achieve a maximum price of 625k for a standard fuel cell bus Operate buses for at least three years / 150,000 km Validate large scale fleets in operation Enable new entrants to trial the technology Demonstrate routes to low cost renewable H 2 Stimulate further large scale uptake Benelux Cluster (50 FC buses) France Cluster (15 FC buses) Germany / Italy Cluster (88 FC buses) Northern / Eastern Europe Cluster (50 FC buses) UK Cluster (88 FC buses) No. of FC buses 100 50 0 50 Benelux 15 France 88 Germany / Italy 50 N. / E. Europe 88 UK Total = 291 new FC buses for Europe JIVE JIVE 2
Northern Europe cluster cities Riga (Latvia); Gavleborg (Sweden); Oslo (Norway) Herning (Denmark) Reykjavik (Iceland); Vejle (Denmark); Kolding (Denmark); Landskrona (Sweden) Copenhagen(Denmark) Trondheim (Norway); Tallinn (Estonia); Parnu (Estonia) Warsaw (Poland) Gdynia (Poland); Poznan (Poland); Liepāja (Latvia); Helsinki (Finland);
Riga chronology Study "Use of hydrogen technologies in Riga public transport, environmental and economic aspects ; Study Commercialisation Strategy for Fuel Cell Electric Buses in Europe. Funded by FCH JU; HIT 2 Corridors Hydrogen Infrastructure for Transport. As par of this project HRS where deployed in Gothenburg, Stockholm and Voikoski (Finland). HRS implementation plans for Finland, Riga region, Poland and Belgium were developed. Study: Hydrogen as transport fuel refueling infrastructure implementation in Riga and Riga region. Cofinanced by TEN-T; NewBusFuel - Engineering studies for hydrogen refueling infrastructure development for large scale bus depots. Funded by FCH JU;
H2 Nodes GA CEF TRANSPORT No: INEA/CEF/TRAN/M2014/1025986 Action No.: 2014-EU-TM-0643-S H2Nodes evolution of a European hydrogen refueling station network by mobilizing the local demandandvalue chains. o o o H2Nodes Action looks into planning and realizing a chain of HRS and boosting implementation of FCEV along the North Sea - Baltic TEN-T core network corridor; The focus is on market sided innovation by real-life deployment with local studies and processes to boost market introduction; RM LLC Riḡas Satiksme pilot of the innovative concept HyTrolleys where two alternative fuels electricity and hydrogen are combined to allow the benefit from the advantages of both technologies and provide greater flexibility in the urban transport system - less noise, zero emissions and better energy efficiency
Riga city public transport routes
Riga city, bus and trolleybus routes
bus route nr.40: Jugla3 - Ziepniekkalns 40. autobusa maršruta shēma Jugla3 - Ziepniekkalns Brīvības gatve Silciema iela Murjāņu iela Jugla-3 Brīvības iela Raiņa bulvāris Merķeļa iela Gogoļa iela Lāčplēša iela Salu tilts K. Ulmaņa gatve Vaiņodes iela Tadaiķu iela Valdeķu iela Ziepniekkalns F12 01/2005-01-03 Ozolciema iela
Bus routes replacement By evaluating existing routes of diesel buses, for replacement possibilities by trolleybus with spare traction power provided by diesel generator or hydrogen fuel cell, it was concluded that it is feasible. In the calculation were compared spare traction power providing diesel generators and hydrogen fuel cell FC velocity HD7 operating expenses. Potential savings: Bus / Trolleybuss with diesel genset - 25 % Bus / Trolleybuss with FC - 27-35%* * Significant impact on results have hydrogen source and production solution.
Comparison of different powertrains Similar performance Differentiated performance D Diesel P Diesel parallel hybrid H Hydrogen fuel cell O Opportunity e-bus C CNG S Diesel serial hybrid T Trolley V Overnight e-bus Passenger capacity Acceleration, time to accelerate to 30 km/h, sec Curb weight 12.5 10.0 7.5 5.0 (12-m bus) V O H C P S D T Lowest: Diesel (11.6 t) Range, km Highest: 0 50 100 150 200 250 >300 Overnight e-bus (13.5 t) O V H T D C P S Range in pure-electric mode, km (logarithmic scale) 0 3 10 30 100 >300 C D P 1 S 1 Refuelling time, logarithmic scale 10 hr 5 hr 2 hr 1 hr 30 min 10 min 5 min 1 min O 2 V H T Only hydrogen fuel cell and trolley can drive with zero emissions at almost no range limitation E-buses limited in operational range long charging times for overnight Diesel hybrids, serial in particular, capable of zero emission driving on certain stretches of the route with same operational conditions as conventional powertrain; serial V C H O D P S T 1 Typical values shown here pure electric range of hybrid powertrains varies depending on concept of auxiliary units and battery capacity 2 Based on a 60 kwh battery and a consumption (incl. losses from charging) of 2 kwh/km Source: FCH JU study Urban buses, alternative powertrains for Europe
Technical solution
Bus and trolleybus depots
Bus and trolleybus depots Operating 142 diesel buses, total area of depo 80 170 m 2, diesel storage for refueling 250 000 L Operating 256 diesel buses, total area of depo 47 547 m 2 and additional is ~ 32 000 m 2, diesel storage for refueling 250 000 L Operating 123 trolleybuses (67 equipped with diesel APU). Total area of depo 56 693 m 2, diesel storage for refueling 9 000 L Operating 126 trolleybuses. Total area of depo 56 693 m 2, diesel storage for refueling 9 800 L
Hydrogen Refueling Station Main characteristics: - H2 production capacity 300 kg/day - 350 bar and 700 bar dispensers - H2 storage 600 kg Disposition of the HRS next to Riga Municipal LLC Rigas satiksme 2nd trolleybus park in Jelgavas street 37
Findings o Traction power for public transport most efficiently can be provided with electric motor; o Security of energy supply and energy efficiency of public transport and urban infrastructure can be provided through introduction of alternative fuels and energy resources diversity by universal energy carriers - electricity and hydrogen; o The greatest benefits for air quality and environment by implementing alternative fuels and zero emission vehicles can be achieved in urban areas;
Riga summary o H2 Nodes - HRS and 10 FC range extended trolleybuses; o JIVE 10 FCE buses; o EIB loan 75 M EUR for construction of hydrogen refueling, production and storage facility, purchase of 10 hydrogen fuel cell (HFC) buses and 10 Hytrolleys with HFC range extenders. Purchase of 20 new low-floor tram units to operate in the city of Riga, and modernisation of tramway infrastructure and depot.
Next steps Development of the common technical specification for 12m and 18m FCE-buses; joint procurement legal background; Established evaluation criteria together with BSR Hydrogen Network partners; Initiation of new FCE-bus demonstration projects.
Thank You for attention! Aivars Starikovs Chairman of the board Latvian Hydrogen association Email: aivars@h2lv.eu