Planning for Smart Grid in TNB System PECon2010 2010 IEEE Conference on Power and Energy Sunway Resort Hotel & Spa Mohd Yusof Rakob Tenaga Nasional Berhad, Malaysia yusofr1@tnb.com.my 1
Contents of presentation Introduction Electric power utility companies in Malaysia Overview of demand supply of TNB s grid system Overview of TNB s grid system Identifying drivers for developing smart grid Features of TNB s smart grid TNB s smart grid implementation plan Future prospects and opportunities Coal Powering The Nation 2
Electric power utility companies in Malaysia Peninsular Malaysia Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) Sarawak Sarawak Energy Berhad (SEB) Sabah Sabah Electricity Sendirian Berhad (SESB) (80% owned by TNB) 3
General profile of power utilities in Malaysia TNB (P. Malaysia) SEB (Sarawak) SESB (Sabah) Operates in Peninsular Malaysia Total generation capacity is 21,051 MW (2010) Customer is 7,593,684 Max demand: 15,072MW Gen mix (2010): 54% gas 40% coal 5.2% hydro 0.2% distillate Operates in Sarawak Total generation capacity: 1230 MW (2009) Customer is 499,618 Max demand : 1036 MW Gen mix (2009): 53% gas 34% coal 8% hydro 5% diesel Operates in Sabah Total generation capacity is 866.4 MW (2010) Customer is 413,983 Max demand :760 MW Gen mix (2009): 57% oil 31% gas 9% hydro 3% biomass. NOTE: Electricity supply industry in Malaysia is a fully regulated. TNB, SEB and SESB are vertically integrated and operate along with independent power producers (IPPs). 4
MW Overview Of TNB System - Trend of demand growth (2007 ~ 2010) Weekly Peak Demand & Trough (MW) - Week Ending 14/11/2010 15,500 Peak Demand of 14,311MW 14,500 13,500 12,500 11,500 10,500 9,500 8,500 7,500 6,500 2008 Peak Demand: 14,007MW 2009 Peak Demand: 14,245MW 2007 Peak Demand: 13,620MW 5,500 1 Jan3 5 Feb7 9 Mar 11 13Apr 15 17 May 19 21 Jun 23 25 27Jul29 31Aug33 35 Sep 37 39 41Oct 43 45Nov47 49Dec 51 2007 PD 2008 PD 2009 PD 2010 PD 2007 Trough 2008 Trough 2009 Trough 2010 Trough NOTE: PD denotes Peak Demand 5
Overview Of TNB System - Electricity consumption by customer type (1990~2030) Historical Forecast 1990 2000 2015 2025 6
1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 Overview Of TNB System - Trend of power generation mix (1976~2008) 100.0% 90.0% 80.0% Distillate Hydroelectricity Coal 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% Oil Natural gas 10.0% 0.0% 7
Overview Of TNB System - Transmission power grid Main Transmission Grid 500kV / 275kV / 132kV of approximately 19,000 circuit-kilometers of overhead transmission lines 780 circuit-kilometers of underground transmission cables 385 transmission substations with transformation capacity of 83,000 MVA Cross - Border Interconnection 300kV HVDC P. Malaysia - Thailand (300MW) 132kV HVAC P. Malaysia - Thailand (80MW) 275kV HVAC link P. Malaysia - Singapore (450MW) LANGKAWI Kuah PERLIS POWER Georgetown PULAU PINANG PERLIS Chuping Kangar Kota Setar PRAI POWER GELUGOR Alor Setar SEGARI GB3 Gurun Bedong Sg. Petani Butterworth Bukit Tengah Kulim Junjung Bukit Tambun Lumut KEDAH Ayer Tawar JANAMANJUNG Taiping Teluk Intan PERAK Ipoh Kampar Seri Iskandar PORT KLANG CONNAUGHT BRIDGE PENINSULAR MALAYSIA MAIN GRID PERGAU TEMENGOR BERSIA KENERING KELANTAN SG PIAH UPPER SG PIAH LOWER CHENDEROH Kuala Kangsar Papan Batu Gajah GENTING SANYEN JOR WOH ODAK SELANGOR Kuala Selangor Banting KL (N) Bukit Tarek Shah Alam KL (S) Hicom G Kuala Kubu Baru Kuala Lipis Bentong Seremban Gua Musang Jerantut PAHANG Kota Bharu Mentakab Temerloh WILAYAH PERSEKUTUAN KL (E) SERDANG NEGERI SEMBILAN Salak Tanah Merah Tinggi Paroi JIMAH TJPS PD POWER POWERTEK PAHLAWAN PANGLIMA Kuala Pilah MELAKA Kelemak Melaka Melaka Muar Kuala Berang KENYIR Kg Awah Gemas Segamat Yong Peng (E) Yong Peng (N) Coal Kuala Terengganu TERENGGANU Telok Kalong Muadzam Shah JOHOR Dungun Kuantan Kluang N PAKA YTL Mersing LEGEND 500kV line 500kV energized 275kV 275kV line line Batu Pahat Pontian Kechil Gelang Patah TG BIN Skudai YTL PASIR GUDANG Johor Bahru 8
TNB s main concerns on planning Electricity demand growth continues 3.5% for next 10 years 2.7% for next 20 years Coal The local natural gas resources as clean fuel is depleting It will be replaced by coal, until nuclear option is available in post 2020 There are serious concerns on CO 2 emission, increasing dependency on fossil sources and lack of RE, EE & DSM and increasing consumer expectations There is urgent need to increase operational efficiency i.e. there is need to increase utilisation of transmission and distribution assets and to reduce system losses Opens opportunity for harnessing the benefits of smart grid 9
Drivers for developing TNB s smart grid Global trends Development of smart grid is driven by 4 factors : Ageing infrastructure (generation, transmission & distribution systems) Energy crisis (energy security & costs) Financial crisis (grid reinforcement becomes unaffordable) Environmental crisis (green house gaseous) They occur simultaneously Coal TNB s case; TNB s long term strategic plans TNB s 25 years Electricity Technology Roadmap (TRM), with a purpose of modernising electricity supply industry in Malaysia TRM focuses on 4 main goals: Reliable and efficient delivery system Intelligent power-delivery systems Value-added electricity products and services Enhanced environmental management The actions to go ahead is now 10
TRM sets TNB s journey towards smart grid Year 2004 Year 2005 Year 2007 TNB Technology Roadmap (TRM) 1 Overview of 25-year Electricity TRM for the electricity supply industry (2004 2030) 4 themes in the TNB Electricity TRM Reliable and efficient delivery system Intelligent power-delivery systems Value-added electricity products and services Enhanced environmental management TNB Research Technology Roadmap Align TNB 20 years Strategic Plan and TNB TRM 1st Destination (2006-2010) - 18 research programs have been created to ensure long term and progressive effort to improve the TNB power delivery system and 11 Niche Technical Services will spearhead the company towards business expansion 2nd Destination (2011-2015) 4 Advanced Research Program and 2 Specialised Technical Services have been identified TNB Technology Roadmap 2 Technology options derived from TRM 1 Detail out action plan of chosen technology options 6 technologies identified: Improve combustion efficiency RBI IEC 61850 WAIS DNIM CRM TNB TRM sets up the foundations and goals for near and long terms 11
TNB s TRM destinations 4 2030: Breakthrough Energy Conversion Technologies & Sustainable Development 2020: Smart & Intelligent Electricity Delivery Management 3 2015: Robust & Resilient Power Delivery System 2015: Enhanced Electricity Products & Services 2 2004: start 1 2010: Reliable Electricity Supply 2010: Efficient Electricity Production & Delivery 12
Progress of foundation work so far TECHNOLOGY IDENTIFICATION IMPLEMENTATION STATUS AREA OF IMPLEMENTATION 13
Conceptualising TNB s smart grid Economic/ Financial perspective Infrastructure & resource strategy Higher asset efficiency Long term stakeholder value Energy security Environment strategy Environmental sustainability Customer perspective Higher supply reliability Higher energy efficiency Enable customer s choice Lower CO2 emission Internal perspective Technology enabler DMS and distribution automation AMI New resources (RE, EE, Co-gen, DER, PHEV) Active grid Test projects Research area Control architecture ICT infrastructure Prosumer interface Active grid Customer Management Customer information Customer engagement Customer participation Commercial frameworks Regulations, Standards and Societal commitments Shared vision Support Collaboration Learning & growth perspective Human capital TNB Customer Information capital Government & Regulator Organisation capital Research & technology providers 14
TNB s smart grid objectives Objectives Improving operational efficiency (i.e. higher supply reliability) Improving energy and asset efficiency Empowering customers Reduce CO2 emission Support use of PHEV Initiatives Distribution management system On-line condition monitoring Distribution automation Field Force Automation Geographical information system Customer information system Customer management system Advance metering infrastructure Interface with building energy management system Promote RE, EE, Co-gen, DER Facilitate to enable connection of RE, EE, Co-gen, DER Dynamic voltage/var control Facilitate charging of PHEV 15
TNB s smart grid project TNB Smart Grid was embarked on November 2009. TNB has decided to implement Smart Grid Test Systems as demonstration projects. Three sites have been identified for Smart Grid Test Systems : Bayan Lepas (North); represents industrial area Bukit Bintang (Central); represents commercial centre Medini (South); represents green field area To drive the implementation of the Smart grid Test Systems, the TNB Smart Grid Steering Committee was formed 16
Smart Grid Steering Committee Chairman (Chief Operating Officer) Secretariat (System Planning) Research Transmission Distribution Corporate ICT 17
Smart Grid Steering Committee Terms of reference (TOR) Definition and Purpose of smart grid for TNB Functions of SGSC Roles of SGSC Membership of SGSC - G,T,D, Research, ICT & Planning Quorum requirement Agenda Items Minutes of Meeting Frequency of Meeting 18
TNB Smart Grid Development Phases Phase 1 (2010-2011) Improving operational efficiency via automation Phase 2 (2011-2013) Empowering Customers Improving Energy & Network Efficiency Phase 3 (2011-2015) Reducing CO2 via Renewable Energy 19
Smart grid implementation initiatives Phase 1 (2010-2011) Phase 2 (2011-2013) Phase 3 (2011-2015) Improve Reliability Increase Customers Participation Improve Energy Efficiency Reduce CO2 Implementation of DA at pilot Sites Deployment of DMS modules Fault Location, Isolation & Restoration (FLIR) State Estimator Auto Contingency Analysis Auto Feeder Reconfiguration (AFR) Development of Integrated Customer Information System Integration of the various information systems e.g. CIBS, ERMS, CGIS, MFFA Deployment of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) Bidirectional exchange of usage information Improve billing Accuracy & Efficiency Improve New Connection Process Development of VAR Control Hardware+Software Demand Side Management Provide live information to customers Autonomous Demand Control Increase T&D asset utilization Solar PV BIPV Energy Storage Batteries Electric Cars (PHEV) Charging stations Solar / LED Street Lightings Advanced ICT Infrastructure 20
Phase 1 TNB smart grid test system: Improving reliability of supply via automation No Features Existing Grid Smart Grid 1 Power is generated at large power stations and transmitted and distributed via T & D systems 2 Method of locating fault Manual Automatic 3 Method of isolation and sectionalizing of faulty section 4 Method of feeder reconfiguration for optimal operation 5 Method of restoration of supply after fault is sectionalized 6 Method of mobilization of field or repair crew 7 Update database for management and customer information systems Yes Manual Manual (not optimized) Manual Manual Manual Yes Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic 21
Phase 2 TNB smart grid test system: Empowering Customers No Features Existing Grid Smart Grid 1 Customer is aware of own energy consumption in real time 2 Customer has information for making decisions on changing their demand pattern (via BEMS) & gain benefits 3 Customers have the capability to export power from RE sources back into the grid (on agreed terms) No Limited No Yes Yes Yes 22
Phase 2 TNB smart grid test system: Improve Energy & Network Efficiency No Features Current Grid Smart Grid 1 TNB is ready for demand side management 2 Automatic voltage and MVAR control and to reduce distribution system losses 3 Utility can communicate with customers energy management system on controling customers demand pattern 4 Higher utilization of T & D assets No Yes 5 Peak load reduction and interruptible load could be operated smoothly No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes 23
Phase 3 TNB smart grid test system: Reducing CO2 emission via renewable energy, energy efficiency, co-gen, DER, etc No Features Current Grid Smart Grid 1 Network is ready for penetration of renewable energy sources (solar PV), co-gen, DER, etc 2 Network is capable to cater for bidirectional power flow 3 Excess power generated via RE, BIPV, etc is fully taken & utilized via the grid 4 Network is capable of meeting demand of electric cars (PHEV) No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes 24
Phase 1 Implementation Six (6) activities / areas have been identified to kick start the phase 1 of Smart Grid Test Systems Planning Studies DMS/DA project AMI Project Communication project System Integration Online Condition Monitoring 25
Activities Terms of Reference Activity 1: Planning studies Establishing the distribution network for smart grid implementation Purposes To assess readiness of the network To identify components which need to be upgraded Tasks Deliverables To complete by 1. To compile and draw diagram to detail out connectivity of 33kV and 11kV distribution systems related to the designated smart grid area up to the immediate transmission PMUs, year by year, from 2011 to 2015. 2. To evaluate readiness of the network by using power flow, contingency and short circuit analyses method on the related smart grid area 3. To identify the components in the network which need to be upgraded for implementing distribution automation Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and recommendations 30 December 2010 26
Terms of Reference Activity 2: DMS/DA Project Activities Implementation of Distribution Automation and Distribution Management System Purposes Enable automatic detection, isolation and restoration of supply following a fault. Enable network optimization via load-flow and contingency analysis Enable fast response time Tasks 1. To complete the installation and commissioning of SCADA / DA facilities for the selected substations in the pilot sites. 2. To evaluate and implement the most effective communication technology for the SCADA in collaboration with ICT. 3. To roll out and integrate DMS applications with existing SCADA such as (but not limited to) : Fault location, isolation and restoration of supply Balanced load flow Contingency analysis State estimator Automatic feeder reconfiguration Deliverables 1. A fully functional Distribution Automation system for the pilot sites. 2. Progress and Completion reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting issues and recommendations To complete by 31 June 2011 27
Activities Terms of Reference Activity 3: Advanced Metering Infrastructures Progressive migration from RMR feature to AMI-like capability Purposes Enable irregularity and tempering detection Perform remote disconnection/re-connection Facilitate LV outage management Provide customers with consumption information for demand response Tasks 1. To achieve 100% RMR reading capability for the existing HT/MV/LV LPC installation 2. To roll out RMR for OPC for selected areas 3. To enable GPRS communication modem for HT/MV/LV LPC RMR and RF/PLC for OPC RMR 4. To identify features for AMI that achieve the objectives above 5. To migrate from RMR to AMI and enabling the Smartgrid features Deliverables Reports for Task 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 highlighting findings and recommendations To complete by 30 December 2012 28
Activities Terms of Reference Activity 5 : IT System Integration Integrating the existing system (CGIS, E-CIBS, CMC, MFFA etc) for smart grid implementation Purposes Enable data extraction/ mining from the existing systems to be used for relaying information to various parties eg control center, repair crews, customers etc Tasks Deliverables To complete by 1. To identify the features of existing system which will facilitate/compliment the implementation of smart grid 2. To evaluate readiness of existing systems to be integrated, with regard to the hardware and software and identify and propose method of system integration and associated cost estimates. 3. To implement integration of information system and assess the effectiveness. Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and recommendations 31 June 2011 29
Activities Terms of Reference Activity 6: Online Condition Monitoring Online condition monitoring of primary equipment for smart grid implementation Purposes To evaluate the effectiveness of on-line condition monitoring techniques and tools in smart grid implementation Tasks 1. To identify primary equipments which need to be monitored within the boundary of the pilot site 2. To identify and implement suitable on-line condition monitoring techniques Deliverables To complete by 3. To assess the effectiveness of the implemented on-line condition monitoring tools Reports for Task 1, 2 & 3 highlighting findings and recommendations 30 June 2012 30
Prospects for smart partnerships / research opportunities (a non-exhaustive list) Control architecture To evaluate centralised versus de-centralised architecture considering a nation wide smart grid applications. ICT infrastructure To identify and evaluate options for the last mile communication and information system and recommend suitable option for smart grid applications. Prosumer interface To identify suitable information, communication and control products and services to enable consumers with greater information and control to play a part in optimising the operation of the grid system nationwide. Active grid To enable interactivity and coordination between the various level of grid control (National Control Centre, Distribution Control Centre, Substation Control Centre, Feeder Control and Prosumer). 31
Conclusions Growing demand and limited resources while maintaining to be environment friendly impose severe pressure to TNB in its planning. Smart grid is an option towards a workable solution TNB has decided to embark on implementation of smart grid test system projects. It will be carried out in 3 phases (2010~2013) at 3 sites; Bukit Bintang in Kuala Lumpur, Bayan Lepas in Penang and Medini in Johor. TNB desires to gain valuable experience from the smart grid test systems so as to lead to successful implementation of smart grid in other parts of TNB power grid system. Research are required for some applications in order to ensure only the right technology is deployed for the purpose. Powering The Nation 32
Thank you 33
DISCLAIMER All information contained herein is meant strictly for the use of this presentation only and should not be used or relied on by any party for any other purpose and without the prior written approval of TNB. The information contained herein is the property of TNB and it is privileged and confidential in nature. TNB has the sole copyright to such information and you are prohibited from disseminating, distributing, copying, reproducing, using and/or disclosing this information. 34