Nederlandse norm NEN 2021 Cranes Dit document mag slechts op een stand-alone PC worden geinstalleerd. Gebruik op een netwerk is alleen. toestaan als een aanvullende licentieovereenkomst voor netwerkgebruik met NEN is afgesloten. This document may only be used on a stand-alone PC. Use in a network is only permitted when a supplementary license agreement for us in a network with NEN has been concluded. Electrical equipment Hijskranen. De elektrische uitrusting Unofficial translation 2nd edition, march 1994 ICS 53.020.20 у Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut
Standards Committee 345 002 "Cranes" Subject to the exceptions provided by law, nothing from this publication may be reproduced and/or published by means of photocopy, microfilm, storage computer files or otherwise, which also applies to whole or partial processing, without the written consent of the Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut (Netherlands Standardisation Institute). The Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut is entitled to the exclusion of all others to collect payments due from third parties for reproduction and/or to act in this respect at law or otherwise, save where these powers are transferred to or vested by law in the Stichting Reprorecht. Although the greatest care has been taken with this publication, errors and omissions cannot be excluded entirely. The Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut and/or members of its committees consequently accept no liability whatever, not even for direct or indirect loss, resulting from or in connection with the application of publications issued by the Netherlands Standardisation Institute. 1994 Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Kalfjeslaan 2, Postbus 5059, 2600 GB Delft, Telefoon (015) 2 690 390, Fax (015) 2 690 190
Pagel Contents list Introduction 3 Section 1 - General requirements 5 1 Scope 5 2 Field of application 5 3 Terms and definitions 5 3.1 Characteristics of installations 5 3.2 Protection against electrical shock 5 3.3 Safety devices 5 3.4 Wiring systems 6 3.5 Electrical equipment 6 3.6 Safety sensors 6 3.7 Rooms 6 3.8 Activities 6 3.9 Materials 7 4 General requirements 7 4.1 Information for ordering 7 4.2 Reliability and installation 7 4.3 Applicable standards or regulations 8 4.4 Installations which do not belong to the crane operation 8 5 Voltages 8 6 Protection against electrical shock 8 6.1 Protection against direct contact 8 6.2 Protection against indirect contact 8 7 Protection 9 7.1 General 9 7.2 Protection against overload current 9 7.3 Protection against short-circuit current 10 7.4 Protection against overspeed of drives 10 7.5 Protection against unintentional movement of drives 10 8 Isolation and switching 1 ' 8.1 Isolation and switching 11 8.2 8.3 Emergency switches Switching off for mechanical maintenance V 1' 9 Selection and installation of electrical equipment and wiring systems 1 ' 9.1 General 1' 9.2 Electrical equipment 12 9.3 Wiring systems 14 10 Safety circuits 15 10.1 General 15 10.2 Reliability of components 15 10.3 Behaviour at the occurrence of defects 16 10.4 Defects or actions to take into account 16 10.5 Safety contacts 17 11 Marking 17 11.1 General 17 11.2 Diagrams and drawings 17 11.3 Safety colours 18 12 Maintenance and inspection 18 Section 2 - Additional requirements for particular cranes 19 13 Cranes with own power source 19 14 Mobile cranes 19 15 Demountable cranes for building sites 19 16 Small cranes and special hoists 20 17 Cranes with hoisting magnets 20 18 Cranes with vacuum lifting equipment 21 Annex A - Electric motors for drives for crane movements 23 Annex В - Electric system for cranes with own A.C.-power source 26 page
Page 2 (blank)
РадеЗ Introduction The first edition of this standard has been published in July 1977. The most important new subjects in relation to the first edition are: a) information for ordering; b) the determination of data for motors of type S4 or S5 according to NEN 3173, for which protection against overloads is not required; c) escape routes and entrances; d) starting resistances; e) a multiplication factor for the design current /ß for insulated cables to motors of type S4 or S5 according to NEN 3173; f) safety circuits; g) diagrams and drawings. This standard is one of a series entitled: "Cranes" 1 '. This series consists of: NEN 2017 NEN 2018 NEN 2019 NEN 2020 NEN 2021 NEN 2022 NEN 2023 NEN 2024 NEN 2025 NEN 2026 NEN 2028 Cranes. General directives Cranes. Loads and combinations of loads Cranes. The metal structure Cranes. Mechanical equipment Cranes. Electric equipment Cranes. Stability (safety against turning over) Cranes. Structural requirements regarding safety Cranes. Documents, testing, operation and maintenance Cranes. Hand- and arm-signs for the guidance of cranes and hoisting gear Mobile cranes. General directives, documents, testing, operation and maintenance Cranes. Automatic limiting devices. In Belgium corresponding standards are to be published under number NBN E 52-001 to NBN E 52-010 inclusive. Harmonization within the Benelux has been achieved on many points. Where this is not yet the case, a footnote indicates that different provisions apply in Belgium. Where in the above mentioned series of standards references are made to other standards, in Belgian standards analogous references are made. For general information see the introductions to NEN 2017 and NEN 2026. Forthe titles of the standards mentioned in the "Cranes" and "Mobile cranes" series and related standards see NEN 2017, NEN 2026 and NEN 2019. General installation regulations that are approximately the same in the regulations of the Benelux countries or in the international regulations have only been described in general terms. Only those regulations that do not exist in one of the Benelux countries orthat, in the opinion of the standards committee, especially affect cranes are given in more detail. This standard is based on Dutch standards NEN 1010 and NEN 1041. The Belgian standard is based on the A.R.E.I. Titles of standards referred to in this standard NEN 1010:1988 Safety regulations for low-voltage installations Suppl. NEN 1010 Supplement to NEN 1010. Safety regulations for low-voltage installations NEN 1014 NEN 1041 Lightning protective systems Safety regulations for high voltage installations NEN 2018:1983 Cranes. Loads and combinations of loads Suppl. NEN 2018 Supplement to NEN 2018. Cranes. Loads and combinations of loads NEN 2019 Cranes. The metal structure Suppl. NEN 2019 Supplement to NEN 2019. Cranes. The metal structure NEN 2020:1985 NEN 2022 Cranes. Mechanical equipment Cranes. Stability (safety against turning NEN 2023:1994 over) Cranes. Structural requirements regarding safety NEN 2028 NEN 3011 NEN 3140:1991 Cranes. Automatic limiting devices Safety colours and safety signs Low voltage installations; Regulations for safe works, inspection and maintenance NEN 3173:1991 Rotating electrical machines; Rating and performance Suppl. NEN 3173 Supplement to NEN 3173; Rotating electrical machines; Rating and performance NEN 3410 Safety requirements for high-voltage and low-voltage installations in potentially explosive gas atmospheres NEN 3544 Mains operated electronic and related apparatus for household and similar general use. Safety requirements NEN 5152 Technical drawings; Graphical symbols for electrotechnology NEN 5158 Electrotechnical drawings. General principles Suppl. NEN 5158 Supplement to NEN 5158. Electrotechnical drawings. General principles NEN 10298 A.C. metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear of rated voltage up to and including 72,5 kv (IEC 298:1990) NEN 10337-1 Control switches (low-voltage switching devices for control and auxiliary circuits, including contactors relays). Part 1: General requirements (IEC 337-1-1970, 337-IA-1973, 337-IB-1975) NEN 10337-2 Control switches (low-voltage switching devices for control and auxiliary circuits, including contactor relays). Part 2: Special requirements for specific types of control switches. (IEC 337-2-1972, 337-2A-1973, 337-B-1976,337-2C-1977) NEN 10408 Low-voltage air-break switches, airbreak disconnectors, air-break switchdisconnectors and fuse-combination units (IEC 08-1972, Am. 1-1979) 1) In NBN E 52-001 up to 010 inclusive called "hoisting devices". In Belgium, by a crane is understood, in fact, only a hoisting device with a jib.
Page 4 NEN 10466 Insulation-enclosed high voltage switchgear and controlgear NEN 10529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures of electrical equipment (IP Code) NEN-EN 50019 Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres; Increased safety "e" Suppl. Supplement to NEN-EN 50019. Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres; Increased safety "e" IEC 227-1 Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V. Part 1: General requirements IEC 245-1 Rubber insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V. Part 1: General requirements IEC 255-6 Electrical relays. Part 6: Measuring relays and protection equipment IEC 292-3 Low-voltage motor starters. Part 3: Rheostatic rotorstaiters. IEC 801-3 Electromagnetic compatibility for industrial-process measurement and control equipment. Part 3: Radiated electromagnetic field requirements AREI Algemeen Reglementvoorde Arbeidsbescherming. For the transmission of electrical energy see in addition NNI-catalogue serial number 241.
Page 5 Section 1 General requirements 1 Scope This standard contains requirements for the installation, the inspection and the maintenance of the electrical installations of cranes. 2 Field of application 2.1 This standard applies to the selection and the installation of electrical equipment and cables, the inspection and maintenance of the electrical installation of cranes from the point of connection upon cranes. 1) The point of connection upon a crane consists of: a) the terminals of the supply cable upon the crane: b) the terminals of the supply cable of a control station in the vicinity of the crane; c) the collectors of a contact wire. 2) The standard does not apply to the fixed or movable cables to the crane. 3) The standard does not apply to electrical hydropneumatic equipment (for example pressostates, electric valves). 2.2 This standard is not applicable to the electrical installation or a part of it which is necessary forthe use as vehicle. 3 Terms and definitions crane: A hoisting device, constructed and intended to move freely suspended loads. 3.1 Characteristics of installations 3.1.1 distribution circuit: A part of an installation which is separately protected against overcurrent by one or more protective devices in the switchgear and controlgear. 3.1.2 auxiliary circuit: A circuit of which auxiliary organs form part for the purpose of: a) measuring; b) signalling; c) regulating and/or controlling automatically or from a distance; d) protecting; e) switching, automatically or from a distance. Auxiliary organs may consist of: - auxiliary contacts, such as push-button contacts, relay contacts which can be used in limit switches; - coils of relays or contactors; - measuring transducers; - electronic components. 3.1.3 safety circuit: An auxiliary circuit including one or more: a) safety contacts; b) contacts of electrical or electronic safety devices; c) safety sensors; d) contacts of relays or contactors which are controlled by safety contacts or safety sensors or electrical or electronic safety means. Safety circuits shall be arranged in such a way that occurrence of certain failures of electrical parts do not hinder the protecting operation of the circuit. Examples of failures are an interruption or a short-circuit to earth in the auxiliary circuit or in special cases a short-circuit between conductors in a cable. 3.1.4 simultaneousness factor: The quotient of the expected simultaneous needed power caused by the simultaneous operation of electrical equipment, taking into account the simultaneously or not starting of electric motors, and the installed power of the crane, expressed in a percentage. The expected maximum hoist load shall be taken into account. 3.1.5 basic diagram: A diagram which as simply as possible generally explains the composition and principle of the installation. In basic diagrams installations, equipment or components are represented intheirfunctional relationships by symbols, rectangles or other figures, without the requirement that all the connections have to be shown. 3.1.6 circuit diagram: A diagram which explains the principle of the installation in detail. The installation, equipment or components including their performance-related interconnections are represented by symbols. 3.1.7 installation diagram: A diagram which in a conceivable way provides an outline of the installation or of a part of an installation. 3.1.8 installation drawing: A construction drawing showing the locations of components of an installation and their connections. In accordance with NEN 5158 connections between components may be replaced by references. 3.2 Protection against electrical shock 3.2.1 total protection: Protection against the hazard in case of intentional or unintentional direct contact. Forthe installation of collector rails within arm's reach of accessible places on the crane, see NEN 1010 for particular requirements. 3.3 Safety devices 3.3.1 safety device: A device or part of the crane structure which comes into operation automatically when there is risk of injury or damage by mechanical causes and which causes the corresponding motion of the crane to be stopped. Such a safety device may for example consist of an electrical or electronic sensor or a mechanical construction which actuates an electrical safety contact. 3.3.2 limiting device: A safety device which automatically comes into operation when a limit value is reached. See also NEN 2028.
Page 6 3.4 Wiring systems 3.4.1 flexible cable: A cable which is, due to its design, capable of withstanding repeated bending or vibration. 3.4.2 cable accessories: Parts of the wiring system which serves for protecting, fixing, insulating or connecting cables. Examples of cable accessories are cable trenches, ducts, ducting of trays, means of fixing, insulators and terminals, bracing wires; plugs and socket outlets, however, are not included. 3.5 Electric equipment 3.5.1 Electrical machines 3.5.1.1 operation of an electric motor: The specification of the loading states of an electric motor, including the no-load periods and downtimes, with their durations and sequences. In cases where the load does not change, or changes according to a known pattern, this specification can be given numerical or by time diagrams. 3.5.1.2 the most unfavourable operation of an electric motor: The operation of an electric motor at which the motor of a drive is loaded in the most unfavourable manner. 3.5.1.3 load cycle: The complete series of operations which begins with the picking up of a load and ends at the moment when the crane is ready to pick up a next load. 3.5.2 Assemblies of switchgear and controlgear 3.5.2.1 assembly of switchgear and controlgear: An assembly of protective devices against overcurrent for two or more parts of an installation with or without one or more switching devices and auxiliary components. Examples of assemblies of switchgear and controlgear are: - subcircuit cabinets; - banks of cubicles; - distribution switchboards; - distribution switchracks. 3.5.3 power consuming appliance: An appliance intended for converting electric power into power of a different nature. 3.5.4 Switches and disconnectors 3.5.4.1 switching device: A device for opening and closing a circuit. 3.5.4.2 circuitbreaker: A switching device which also under specified abnormal circumstances, is capable of making, carrying for a specified time and breaking off currents. These switches shall also be capable of breaking and making short-circuit currents. Not all circuitbreakers meet the requirements for a safe isolation between parts of a circuit as mentioned in 3.67. 3.5.4.3 switch: A switching device for operation under normal conditions. Overload conditions as described in NEN 10408 (IEC 408) are also considered to be under normal conditions. In general, switches are capable to make short-circuit currents but not for breaking them. 3.5.4.4 maintenance switch: A switch or auxiliary switch to prevent accidents during non-electrotechnical work. 3.5.4.5 emergency switch: A switch or auxiliary switch to eliminate suddenly arising hazards as quickly as possible. 3.5.4.6 emergency shutdown switch: An emergency switch for stopping a hazardous motion. 3.5.4.7 disconnector: A device intended to provide in the open position a safe isolating distance between parts of a circuit. A disconnector is not suited for switching currents of any significance. 3.5.4.8 switch disconnector: A switch which in open position meets the requirements for a disconnector. 3.6 Safety contacts and safety sensors 3.6.1 safety contact: A contact in an auxiliary organ which serves to switch-off orhold in switched-off position electrical materials or an installation when danger of serious injury may occur. Examples of such auxiliary organs are maintenance switches (see 3.5.4.4), emergency switches (see 3.5.4.5), switches in travel limiting devices and auxiliary switches for switching disconnectors (see 3.5.4.7). Danger of serious injury can also be of an electrotechnical nature. 3.6.2 positive opening/closing of a contact: The opening/closing of a contact as the result of the movement of a switch actuator with which the contact is mechanically connected without resilient members. Opening of the contacts shall also be assured if they are burned together. 3.6.3 safety sensor: A measuring transducer which serves to switch off or hold in the switched off position electrical material or an installation when danger of serious injury may occur. 3.7 Rooms Examples of such measuring transducers are those for the limitation value of temperature, pressure or those for automatic limiting devices (see also NEN 2028). 3.7.1 electrical operating room: A room or location intended primarily for the operation of an electrical installation, without total protection 1 *. Electrical operating rooms shall be locked with a key. For the other requirements see NEN 1010, NEN 1041 and NEN 3410. All other rooms are not considered as electrical operating rooms. Forthe applicable requirements see NEN 1010 and NEN 1041. 3.7.2 escape route: A route which in case of an emergency enables the persons present in a room to escape out of that room in a safe way to a safe place. 3.8 Activities 3.8.1 operating activities: Activities to switch on or off an installation or parts of it or to keep it in service within certain limits. 1) The Dutch definition varies from the A.R.E.I.
Page 7 3.8.2 electrotechnical activities: Activities on electrical equipment and wiring systems. 3.9 Materials Electrotechnical activities contain: - activities on the installation, including extensions and alteration; - maintenance, including repair and modification; - measurement and testing. 3.9.1 normally flammable material: material having an ignition temperature of at least 200 C and which will not unacceptably deform or weaken up to a temperature of least 200 C. Examples of normally flammable material are wood and materials based on wood of more than 2 mm thickness. 3.9.2 readily flammable material: material having an ignition temperature lower than 200 C. Examples of readily flammable materials are wood fibre and materials based on wood of up to 2 mm thickness. 4 General requirements 4.1 Information for ordering 4.1.1 General The designer of the electrical installation shall receive the following information with the order. 4.1.2 Installation of the user For the power supply of the crane the following information shall be given: a) type of current and voltage; b) frequency if deviating from 50 Hz; c) the type of system earthing; d) the nominal power and the expected short-circuit power of the supply in kilovoltampère; e) presence of a neutral conductor; f) percentage of voltage deviations at the supply; g) possibilities of connecting the protective conductors; h) the type and diameter of the cores of the supply cables; i) thenumberandthe power of the other cranes present, which are connected to the same supply cables; j) for collector rails: 1) the construction, 2) the distance of the insulators and the place with respect to the crane, 3) the maximum contact pressure of the collector, 4) the free space in the profile; k) for a supply by socket outlets: the distance to centre with respect to the rail, the type, the nominal power; I) for flexible cables at a bearing element: the place and the type. These data apply to the junction point from the installation of the user to the one on the crane. Item a) isfor instance importantfor collector rails with or without protection against electric shock for the assessment of the dimensions of the collectors. For item g) for instance has to be given: - the possibility of connection to the installation for earthing in the factory of the user; - possibility of placing of earth electrodes; - for TN or TT systems: the fault loop impedance; - possible application of crane rails as a protective conductor. 4.1.3 External influences Information shall be given on the external influences which have to be taken into account. Examples are: - high or low temperatures; - presence of conducting or nonconducting dust; - presence of water or rain (taking into account the crane and wind velocity); - presence of corrosive or polluting substances; - hazard of (dust or gas) explosion; - other special influences. 4.1.4 Required data of the electrical equipment Of the motors and power consuming appliances the following information shall be given: a) the calculated power (see NEN 3173); b) the required torque, the starting and retardation time; c) the place of motors and other power consuming appliances; d) the ratio between the minimum and maximum velocity; e) the desired time of the desired velocities during a cycle; f) the simultaneousness factor for the operation of the motors; g) possible requirements related to the influence of other parts of the crane. For b) shall, among other things, the maximum present wind velocities at which the crane is still permitted to work be taken into account. The data under e) are necessary for the calculation of the starting resistances. For g) thought shall be given to the dynamics of mechanical parts, sliding clutches, rope fracture etc. 4.1.5 Access ways Position of the access way on and to the crane. 4.2 Reliability and installation 4.2.1 The electrical installation of cranes and the parts of which these installations are composed, shall be reliable. Depending on the circumstances, external influences defined by code AG and AH according to NEN 1010 shall at least be taken into account. When selecting and installing the electrical equipment and wiring systems the following shall be taken into account: a) the protective measurements; b) the requirements for good operation when applied in accordance with the intended use; c) the external influences; d) influence to the surroundings; e) inspection and maintenance. See also NEN 1010. 4.2.2 For the effects of the electric installation on the structure of the crane the influences as given in NEN 2018 and NEN 2019 shall also be taken into account. Among other things the load which the electric installation exerts on the structure of the crane (NEN 2018) and the effect of the electrical equipment on the strength of the crane (NEN 2019) shall be taken into account. The constructor of the crane shall be consulted.
Bestelformulier Stuur naar: NEN Standards Products & Services t.a.v. afdeling Klantenservice Antwoordnummer 10214 2600 WB Delft Ja, ik bestel NEN Standards Products & Services Postbus 5059 2600 GB Delft Vlinderweg 6 2623 AX Delft T (015) 2 690 390 F (015) 2 690 271 www.nen.nl/normshop ex. en Hijskranen - De elektrische uitrusting 62.52 Wilt u deze norm in PDF-formaat? Deze bestelt u eenvoudig via www.nen.nl/normshop Gratis e-mailnieuwsbrieven Wilt u op de hoogte blijven van de laatste ontwikkelingen op het gebied van normen, normalisatie en regelgeving? Neem dan een gratis abonnement op een van onze e-mailnieuwsbrieven. www.nen.nl/nieuwsbrieven Gegevens Bedrijf / Instelling T.a.v. O M O V E-mail Klantnummer NEN Uw ordernummer BTW nummer Postbus / Adres Postcode Plaats Telefoon Fax Factuuradres (indien dit afwijkt van bovenstaand adres) Postbus / Adres Postcode Plaats Datum Handtekening Retourneren Fax: (015) 2 690 271 E-mail: klantenservice@nen.nl Post: NEN Standards Products & Services, t.a.v. afdeling Klantenservice Antwoordnummer 10214, 2600 WB Delft (geen postzegel nodig). Voorwaarden De prijzen zijn geldig tot 31 december 2016, tenzij anders aangegeven. Alle prijzen zijn excl. btw, verzend- en handelingskosten en onder voorbehoud bij o.m. ISO- en IEC-normen. Bestelt u via de normshop een pdf, dan betaalt u geen handeling en verzendkosten. Meer informatie: telefoon (015) 2 690 391, dagelijks van 8.30 tot 17.00 uur. Wijzigingen en typefouten in teksten en prijsinformatie voorbehouden. U kunt onze algemene voorwaarden terugvinden op: www.nen.nl/leveringsvoorwaarden. Normalisatie: de wereld op één lijn. preview - 2016